Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 12 de 12
Filtrar
Mais filtros











Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Hortic Res ; 11(5): uhae080, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38766532

RESUMO

To preserve their varietal attributes, established grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L. ssp. vinifera) must be clonally propagated, due to their highly heterozygous genomes. Malbec is a France-originated cultivar appreciated for producing high-quality wines and is the offspring of cultivars Prunelard and Magdeleine Noire des Charentes. Here, we have built a diploid genome assembly of Malbec, after trio binning of PacBio long reads into the two haploid complements inherited from either parent. After haplotype-aware deduplication and corrections, complete assemblies for the two haplophases were obtained with a very low haplotype switch-error rate (<0.025). The haplophase alignment identified > 25% of polymorphic regions. Gene annotation including RNA-seq transcriptome assembly and ab initio prediction evidence resulted in similar gene model numbers for both haplophases. The annotated diploid assembly was exploited in the transcriptomic comparison of four clonal accessions of Malbec that exhibited variation in berry composition traits. Analysis of the ripening pericarp transcriptome using either haplophases as a reference yielded similar results, although some differences were observed. Particularly, among the differentially expressed genes identified only with the Magdeleine-inherited haplotype as reference, we observed an over-representation of hypothetically hemizygous genes. The higher berry anthocyanin content of clonal accession 595 was associated with increased abscisic acid responses, possibly leading to the observed overexpression of phenylpropanoid metabolism genes and deregulation of genes associated with abiotic stress response. Overall, the results highlight the importance of producing diploid assemblies to fully represent the genomic diversity of highly heterozygous woody crop cultivars and unveil the molecular bases of clonal phenotypic variation.

2.
Viruses ; 15(1)2023 01 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36680217

RESUMO

Grapevine is a widely grown fruit crop that is seriously affected by different viruses, reducing grape yield and quality, as well as threatening profitability. Vineyard disease management requires accurate identification of viral infections. This study aimed to survey the presence of ten grapevine viruses in four geographic sites in the Mendoza province of Argentina. Two hundred twenty-three composite cane samples from 1060 plants of six cultivars were collected from 26 blocks distributed across 11 vineyards. The cane samples were screened by RT-PCR for the following viruses: grapevine leafroll-associated viruses 1-4 (GLRaV 1, 2, 3, and 4), grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), grapevine fleck virus (GFkV), grapevine virus A (GVA) and B (GVB), grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus (GRSPaV), and arabis mosaic virus (ArMV). The results showed an uneven occurrence of viruses through the sampled regions, with GRSPaV being prevalent (71.1%), followed by GFLV (28.9%), GFkV (20.6%), and GLRaV-2 (14.7%). GVB was not detected. This study revealed a moderate prevalence of viruses associated with economically impactful diseases in the vineyards surveyed.


Assuntos
Flexiviridae , Doenças das Plantas , Fazendas , Argentina , Flexiviridae/genética
3.
Plants (Basel) ; 11(13)2022 Jun 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35807671

RESUMO

This study aimed to survey the occurrence of eight grapevine viruses in commercial vineyards located in the Calchaquíes Valleys in the northwest region of Argentina. A total of 103 samples of mature canes of vines showing either none or some viral-like symptoms were randomly collected. The samples were tested by RT-PCR/PCR-based assays for the screening of the following viruses: Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaV-1, -2, -3, -4), Grapevine virus A (GVA), Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated viruses (GRSPaV), and Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV). Sixty percent of the analyzed samples showed infection with some of the analyzed viruses, except GRBV. GLRaV-3 and GFLV were the most frequent viruses, present in 34% and 21% of the positive samples, respectively. This study represents the first survey report of the presence of grapevine viruses in the region of the Calchaquíes Valleys and contributes to the knowledge to maintain the sanitary status of commercial vineyards in Argentina.

4.
Genes (Basel) ; 12(10)2021 09 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34680859

RESUMO

In purple carrots, anthocyanin pigmentation can be expressed in the entire root, or it can display tissue specific-patterns. Within the phloem, purple pigmentation can be found in the outer phloem (OP) (also called the cortex) and inner phloem (IP), or it can be confined exclusively to the OP. In this work, the genetic control underlying tissue-specific anthocyanin pigmentation in the carrot root OP and IP tissues was investigated by means of linkage mapping and transcriptome (RNA-seq) and phylogenetic analyses; followed by gene expression (RT-qPCR) evaluations in two genetic backgrounds, an F2 population (3242) and the inbred B7262. Genetic mapping of 'root outer phloem anthocyanin pigmentation' (ROPAP) and inner phloem pigmentation (RIPAP) revealed colocalization of ROPAP with the P1 and P3 genomic regions previously known to condition pigmentation in different genetic stocks, whereas RIPAP co-localized with P3 only. Transcriptome analysis of purple OP (POP) vs. non-purple IP (NPIP) tissues, along with linkage and phylogenetic data, allowed an initial identification of 28 candidate genes, 19 of which were further evaluated by RT-qPCR in independent root samples of 3242 and B7262, revealing 15 genes consistently upregulated in the POP in both genetic backgrounds, and two genes upregulated in the POP in specific backgrounds. These include seven transcription factors, seven anthocyanin structural genes, and two genes involved in cellular transport. Altogether, our results point at DcMYB7, DcMYB113, and a MADS-box (DCAR_010757) as the main candidate genes conditioning ROPAP in 3242, whereas DcMYB7 and MADS-box condition RIPAP in this background. In 7262, DcMYB113 conditions ROPAP.


Assuntos
Antocianinas/metabolismo , Daucus carota/metabolismo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Floema/metabolismo , Pigmentos Biológicos/metabolismo , Raízes de Plantas/metabolismo , Daucus carota/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Genes de Plantas , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real
5.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 7775, 2021 04 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33833358

RESUMO

Grapevine cultivars are clonally propagated to preserve their varietal attributes. However, genetic variations accumulate due to the occurrence of somatic mutations. This process is anthropically influenced through plant transportation, clonal propagation and selection. Malbec is a cultivar that is well-appreciated for the elaboration of red wine. It originated in Southwestern France and was introduced in Argentina during the 1850s. In order to study the clonal genetic diversity of Malbec grapevines, we generated whole-genome resequencing data for four accessions with different clonal propagation records. A stringent variant calling procedure was established to identify reliable polymorphisms among the analyzed accessions. The latter procedure retrieved 941 single nucleotide variants (SNVs). A reduced set of the detected SNVs was corroborated through Sanger sequencing, and employed to custom-design a genotyping experiment. We successfully genotyped 214 Malbec accessions using 41 SNVs, and identified 14 genotypes that clustered in two genetically divergent clonal lineages. These lineages were associated with the time span of clonal propagation of the analyzed accessions in Argentina and Europe. Our results show the usefulness of this approach for the study of the scarce intra-cultivar genetic diversity in grapevines. We also provide evidence on how human actions might have driven the accumulation of different somatic mutations, ultimately shaping the Malbec genetic diversity pattern.


Assuntos
Variação Genética , Genoma de Planta , Genótipo , Vitis/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único
6.
Plant Cell Rep ; 40(1): 111-125, 2021 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33068175

RESUMO

KEY MESSAGE: By studying three cv. Malbec clones cultivated in two vineyards with contrasting environmental conditions, we demonstrated that DNA methylation has an important role in the phenotypic plasticity and that epigenetic modulation is clone-dependent. Clonal selection and vegetative propagation determine low genetic variability in grapevine cultivars, although it is common to observe diverse phenotypes. Environmental signals may induce epigenetic changes altering gene expression and phenotype. The range of phenotypes that a genotype expresses in different environments is known as phenotypic plasticity. DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic mechanism, but only few works evaluated this novel source of variability in grapevines. In the present study, we analyzed the effects on phenotypic traits and epigenome of three Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec clones cultivated in two contrasting vineyards of Mendoza, Argentina. Anonymous genome regions were analyzed using methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) markers. Clone-dependent phenotypic and epigenetic variability between vineyards were found. The clone that presented the clearer MSAP differentiation between vineyards was selected and analyzed through reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. Twenty-nine differentially methylated regions between vineyards were identified and associated to genes and/or promoters. We discuss about a group of genes related to hormones homeostasis and sensing that could provide a hint of the epigenetic role in the determination of the different phenotypes observed between vineyards and conclude that DNA methylation has an important role in the phenotypic plasticity and that epigenetic modulation is clone-dependent.


Assuntos
Metilação de DNA , Polimorfismo Genético , Vitis/fisiologia , Argentina , Epigênese Genética , Fazendas , Interação Gene-Ambiente , Fenótipo , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Vitis/genética
7.
Plant Mol Biol ; 91(1-2): 67-80, 2016 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26843119

RESUMO

Fruit size is a highly important trait for most fruit and vegetable crops. This trait has been a main selection target and could be involved in divergent selection processes leading to the differentiation between modern table and wine cultivars. Even though its determination is highly influenced by cultural practices, several regions within the grapevine genome have been identified affecting berry size, either directly or indirectly through their effect on seed content. Using grapevine seeded cultivars, we have analyzed the relationship between ovary cell number and the final size of ovaries and berry fruits. We also performed the characterization of the grapevine AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE family, since it is well reported in Arabidopsis that AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) regulates cell proliferation and organ growth in flower organ primordia by maintaining the meristematic competence of cells during organogenesis. Here we show that orthologous grapevine gene expression associate with flower developmental stages suggesting a similar biological role for this gene family in this species. Moreover, we detected a correlation between those organs size and the level of expression of VviANT1 the grapevine homolog of AtANT. This grapevine gene also co-localizes in linkage group 18 with the confidence interval of a previously detected QTL for berry size. Thus our results suggest the involvement of ANT in the regulation of berry size in grapevine.


Assuntos
Flores/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Frutas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/fisiologia , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Vitis/metabolismo , Sequência de Bases , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cromossomos de Plantas , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/genética , Especificidade da Espécie , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Vitis/genética , Vitis/crescimento & desenvolvimento
8.
Physiol Plant ; 156(3): 323-37, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26411544

RESUMO

Grape quality for winemaking depends on sugar accumulation and metabolism in berries. Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs) have been reported to control sugar allocation in economically important crops, although the mechanisms involved are still unknown. The present study tested if ABA and gibberellin A3 (GA3) enhance carbon allocation in fruits of grapevines by modifying phloem loading, phloem area and expression of sugar transporters in leaves and berries. Pot-grown Vitis vinifera cv. Malbec plants were sprayed with ABA and GA3 solutions. The amount of soluble sugars in leaves and berries related to photosynthesis were examined at three points of berry growth: pre-veraison, full veraison and post-veraison. Starch levels and amylase activity in leaves, gene expression of sugar transporters in leaves and berries and phloem anatomy were examined at full veraison. Accumulation of glucose and fructose in berries was hastened in ABA-treated plants at the stage of full veraison, which was correlated with enhancement of Vitis vinifera HEXOSE TRANSPORTER 2 (VvHT2) and Vitis vinifera HEXOSE TRANSPORTER 6 (VvHT6) gene expression, increases of phloem area and sucrose content in leaves. On the other hand, GA3 increased the quantity of photoassimilates delivered to the stem thus increasing xylem growth. In conclusion, stimulation of sugar transport by ABA and GA3 to berries and stems, respectively, was due to build-up of non-structural carbohydrates in leaves, modifications in phloem tissue and modulation in gene expression of sugar transporters.


Assuntos
Ácido Abscísico/farmacologia , Carboidratos/química , Carbono/metabolismo , Giberelinas/farmacologia , Floema/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Vitis/metabolismo , Biomassa , Frutas/efeitos dos fármacos , Frutas/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/genética , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/metabolismo , Floema/efeitos dos fármacos , Fotossíntese/efeitos dos fármacos , Folhas de Planta/efeitos dos fármacos , Folhas de Planta/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Estômatos de Plantas/citologia , Estômatos de Plantas/genética , Estômatos de Plantas/fisiologia , Amido/metabolismo , Vacúolos/efeitos dos fármacos , Vacúolos/metabolismo , Vitis/efeitos dos fármacos , Vitis/genética , Xilema/efeitos dos fármacos , Xilema/metabolismo
9.
J Agric Food Chem ; 62(28): 6716-25, 2014 Jul 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24983916

RESUMO

Anthocyanin profiles are commonly used for grapevine cultivar identification because it is currently accepted that this trait is closely related to their genetic characteristics. Nevertheless, the extent of the variation for the anthocyanin profiles among clones of the same cultivar has not yet been studied in depth. The relative concentration of anthocyanins of 131 Malbec clones grown in the same vineyard was investigated by HPLC-DAD and the use of comprehensive statistic procedures. Complementarily, the expression level of structural and regulatory genes was studied via real time polymerase chain reaction. Significant variation was identified among the profiles of the clones, mainly due to variations in the amounts of malvidin derivatives. Finally, the differential expression in F3'5'H, OMT1 and AM2 genes seems to be related to the malvidin content variation. This work shows the existence of variation for the anthocyanin profiles among clones from the same grapevine cultivar and the putative involvement of genes related to hydroxylation, methylation, and transport of anthocyanins on the basis of such variation.


Assuntos
Antocianinas/análise , Expressão Gênica , Vitis/química , Vitis/genética , Células Clonais , Frutas/química , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Genes de Plantas/genética , Extratos Vegetais/química , Especificidade da Espécie , Vitis/classificação
10.
Rev Iberoam Micol ; 27(2): 66-70, 2010 Jun 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20346300

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Botrytis cinerea is an ascomycete with a high genetic diversity and complex population structure, as reported from several hosts and sites. However, nothing is known about its genetic diversity in Argentina. AIMS: The aim of this work is to estimate the genetic diversity of a local population of B. cinerea isolates obtained from grapevine in Argentina. METHODS: In this work, 35 strains that had been isolated from grapevines were genotyped for the presence of transposable elements and PCR-based RFLP molecular markers. The obtained results were compared with those from a large French population of the fungus, and used to perform a population genetics analysis using the Genepop software. RESULTS: All the analysed isolates were classified as Group II (according to the most recent proposed classification) and showed a high degree of genetic diversity, with 14 different haplotypes. A significant difference in allele frequency was recorded between the local and French populations. CONCLUSIONS: These comparisons between fungal populations, led to the detection of a high level of diversity and the differentiation between local and French groups of isolates. This was confirmed by an Fst value of 0.3332, which was higher than that reported for other pairwise comparisons of populations. This work constitutes the first report on the genetic diversity of B. cinerea isolates and their population structure in Argentina.


Assuntos
Botrytis/genética , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Vitis/microbiologia , Alelos , Argentina , Botrytis/isolamento & purificação , DNA Fúngico/análise , Genes de Plantas , Variação Genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição
11.
J Microbiol Methods ; 78(2): 245-6, 2009 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19539666

RESUMO

A competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique called Tetra primer amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) PCR was adapted to identify a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in beta-tubulin gene of Botrytis cinerea. Over the 35 isolates analyzed, six of them showed a SNP in that gene, which was readily identified by the technique and in the six cases correspond to the resistant strain.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Benzimidazóis/farmacologia , Botrytis/genética , Farmacorresistência Fúngica , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Tubulina (Proteína)/genética , Botrytis/efeitos dos fármacos , Primers do DNA/genética , DNA Fúngico/genética
12.
Virus Genes ; 38(1): 184-6, 2009 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18953643

RESUMO

An accession of Vitis vinifera cv. Red Globe from Argentina, was found to be infected with Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-5 by ELISA. It was partially sequenced, and three ORFs, corresponding to HSP70h, HSP90h, and CP, were found. This isolate shares a high aminoacid identity with the previously reported sequence of the virus, and identities between 80% and 90% with previously reported GLRaV-9 and GLRaV-4 isolates. The analysis of the sequence supports the clustering together with GLRaV-4 and GLRV-9 inside the Ampelovirus genus.


Assuntos
Closteroviridae/genética , Closteroviridae/isolamento & purificação , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , RNA Viral/genética , Vitis/virologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Argentina , Sequência de Bases , Análise por Conglomerados , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Proteínas Virais/genética
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA