RESUMO
Characterization is fundamental to the design, build, test, learn (DBTL) cycle for engineering synthetic genetic circuits. Components must be described in such a way as to account for their behavior in a range of contexts. Measurements and associated metadata, including part composition, constitute the test phase of the DBTL cycle. These data may consist of measurements of thousands of circuits, measured in hundreds of conditions, in multiple assays potentially performed in different laboratories and using different techniques. In order to inform the learn phase this large volume of data must be filtered, collated, and analyzed. Characterization consists of using this data to parametrize models of component function in different contexts, and combining them to predict behaviors of novel circuits. Tools to store, organize, share, and analyze large volumes of measurement and metadata are therefore essential to linking the test phase to the build and learn phases, closing the loop of the DBTL cycle. Here we present such a system, implemented as a web app with a backend data registry and analysis engine. An interactive frontend provides powerful querying, plotting, and analysis tools, and we provide a REST API and Python package for full integration with external build and learn software. All measurements are associated with circuit part composition via SBOL (Synthetic Biology Open Language). We demonstrate our tool by characterizing a range of genetic components and circuits according to composition and context.
Assuntos
Redes Reguladoras de Genes/genética , Interface Usuário-Computador , Biologia Sintética/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Cisplatin is widely used to treat a variety of pediatric solid tumors. One of the most severe and debilitating adverse drug reactions experienced by patients who receive cisplatin therapy is permanent bilateral hearing loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for cisplatin-induced hearing loss in Mexican pediatric patients. METHODS: Detailed medical and drug histories, including use of cisplatin as well as other drugs known to cause hearing loss, were collected from patient medical records. Results of audiology tests on pediatric patients with solid tumors were collected at baseline, during treatment and at the end of cisplatin chemotherapy. Hearing loss was classified according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using survival curves. RESULTS: Fifty-nine pediatric patients, median age 11 years (range, 3-17 years) were included in the study. The incidence of cisplatin-induced hearing loss was 56%. Individual risk factors including age (< 5 years), male sex, and concomitant medications were not associated with an increased risk of cisplatin-induced hearing loss. Patients with a diagnosis of osteosarcoma and a cumulative cisplatin dose greater than 400 mg/m(2) were at higher risk of hearing loss compared with all other tumor and cumulative dose combinations (HR = 2.47 [95% CI, 1.043-5.831]). CONCLUSIONS: Cumulative dose and tumor type are associated with an increased risk of cisplatin-induced hearing loss. Further research is required to characterize fully the interindividual variation in hearing loss in Mexican patients.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Cisplatino/efeitos adversos , Perda Auditiva/induzido quimicamente , Adolescente , Audiometria , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Perda Auditiva/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
This paper reports the effect of the operation and design characteristics of rotating drum bioreactors (RDBs) aerated by natural convection and applied to the treatment of a soil highly polluted with weathered total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) (55,000 +/- 2,600 mg/kg). The parameters studied were length to diameter ratio (L/D), rotating speed (N) and lifter type. The highest TPH removal (59.6 +/- 0.7%) was obtained with the RDB of the lowest L/D ratio (1.5). Removals diminished by 27, 36 and 56%, with a ratio increment of 2.1, 3.1 and 5.1, respectively. Increment of the N, at an optimal value and lifter change from straight to helicoidal showed an improvement on the TPH removal of 20 and 30%, respectively. According to these results, slurry surface renewal through the variation of the N and the change of slurry flow was able to improve TPH removal in RDBs operated by natural convection.
Assuntos
Reatores Biológicos , Petróleo/metabolismo , Poluentes do Solo/metabolismo , Solo , Biodegradação Ambiental , PressãoRESUMO
Renal graft rupture (RGR) is a life-threatening complication of kidney transplantation (KT), frequently associated with rejection and acute tubular necrosis. RGR repair with the use of suture, and corsetage with various materials (including synthetic glue, polyglactin absorbable hemostatic mesh, and lyophilized human dura), is indicated in non-severe cases. However, the employment of non-absorbable synthetic mesh had not been previously reported. Here, a case of a KT from cadaveric donor with RGR associated with acute rejection is reported. The graft was salvaged with the employment of a non-absorbable polypropylene mesh. Six months after KT, the patient remains asymptomatic with normal renal function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of a non-absorbable polypropylene mesh to repair a RGR. In a setting in which economical restrictions are important, the use of non-absorbable synthetic mesh may represent a good option of treatment.
Assuntos
Nefropatias/cirurgia , Transplante de Rim , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Telas Cirúrgicas , Transplante/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Soro Antilinfocitário/uso terapêutico , Esponja de Gelatina Absorvível , Rejeição de Enxerto/tratamento farmacológico , Rejeição de Enxerto/prevenção & controle , Hematoma/etiologia , Humanos , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Masculino , Metilprednisolona/uso terapêutico , Ácido Micofenólico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Micofenólico/uso terapêutico , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Ruptura Espontânea/cirurgia , Linfócitos T , Tacrolimo/uso terapêutico , Transplante/patologiaRESUMO
Renal graft rupture (RGR) is a life-threatening complication of kidney transplantation (KT), frequently associated with rejection and acute tubular necrosis. RGR repair with the use of suture, and corsetage with various materials (including synthetic glue, polyglactin absorbable hemostatic mesh, and lyophilized human dura), is indicated in non-severe cases. However, the employment of non-absorbable synthetic mesh had not been previously reported. Here, a case of a KT from cadaveric donor with RGR associated with acute rejection is reported. The graft was salvaged with the employment of a non-absorbable polypropylene mesh. Six months after KT, the patient remains asymptomatic with normal renal function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of a non-absorbable polypropylene mesh to repair a RGR. In a setting in which economical restrictions are important, the use of non-absorbable synthetic mesh may represent a good option of treatment.
La ruptura del injerto renal (RIR) es una complicación del trasplante renal (TR) que amenaza la vida, y frecuentemente está asociada a rechazo y necrosis tubular aguda. La reparación de la RIR con el uso de sutura y ferulización con varios materiales (incluyendo pegamento sintético, mallas hemostáticas absorbibles de poliglactina y duramadre liofilizada humana) está indicada en los casos no graves. Sin embargo, el empleo de mallas no absorbibles no había sido informado previamente. Aquí se informa el caso de un TR proveniente de donador cadavérico con RIR asociada a rechazo agudo. El injerto fue rescatado con el empleo de una malla no absorbible de polipropileno. Seis meses después del TR el paciente se encuentra asintomático con función renal normal. Hasta donde tenemos conocimiento, éste es el primer informe del uso de una malla no absorbible de polipropileno para reparar una RIR. En un medio con importantes restricciones económicas, el uso de mallas sintéticas no absorbibles puede representar una buena opción de tratamiento.
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Transplante de Rim , Nefropatias/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Telas Cirúrgicas , Transplante/efeitos adversos , Soro Antilinfocitário/uso terapêutico , Esponja de Gelatina Absorvível , Rejeição de Enxerto/tratamento farmacológico , Rejeição de Enxerto/prevenção & controle , Hematoma/etiologia , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Metilprednisolona/uso terapêutico , Ácido Micofenólico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Micofenólico/uso terapêutico , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Ruptura Espontânea/cirurgia , Linfócitos T , Tacrolimo/uso terapêutico , Transplante/patologiaRESUMO
Entre los procesos de biorremediación, los biorreactores de tambor rotatorio son una alternativa promisoria para la restauración ad situ de suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos. Se estudió el efecto del número de mamparas, tipo de mampara y velocidad de rotación, en el proceso de remoción de hidrocarburos tratados en un biorreactor tipo tambor rotatorio abierto a la atmósfera, de 4l de capacidad. Se utilizó suelo intemperizado tipo migajón-limoso, con una concentración promedio de 50000mg/kg de hidrocarburos totales de petróleo (HTPs). De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos y un análisis de varianza, la velocidad de rotación es la variable más significativa (contribución del 96% de la varianza) en el proceso de remoción de hidrocarburos, observándose una velocidad óptima de 10rpm, en el intervalo 5-20rpm. El nivel máximo promedio de remoción de HTPs fue de 65%, cuando se operó el reactor con 4 mamparas acanaladas y 10rpm. El número y tipo de mamparas no tuvo efecto significativo sobre la remoción de HTPs. De acuerdo con los niveles de remoción alcanzados, se considera que los reactores abiertos a la atmósfera podrían ser aplicados exitosamente en el campo a la remediación de suelos intemperizados y altamente contaminados, con la ventaja de que los tiempos de tratamiento son los más bajos.
Among bioremediation processes, the rotating drum bioreactor is a promising alternative for the ad situ restoration of soils polluted with hydrocarbons. The effects of number and type of baffles, as well as rotating speed, on the hydrocarbon removal process were examined in a soil treated in a rotating open drum of 4l. An aged silty-loam soil was used, containing 50000mg/kg of total hydrocarbon oil (HTP). The rotating speed was the variable with the greatest effect on the degradation process, and an optimal speed of 10rpm was identified in the interval 5-20rpm. The maximal percentage of HTP removal obtained was 65%, when the drum was operated with 4 baffles and 10rpm. The number and type of baffles did not have a significant effect over the implemented operational conditions. According to the results obtained, the open drums could be successfully applied, with lower treatment times, to the remediation of aged heavily contaminated soil.
Entre os processos de biorremediação, os bioreatores de tambor rotatório são uma alternativa otimista para a restauração ad situ de solos contaminados com hidrocarbonetos. Estudou-se o efeito do número de membranas, tipo de membranas e velocidade de rotação, no processo de remoção de hidrocarbonetos tratados em um biorreactor tipo tambor rotatório aberto à atmosfera, de 4lts de capacidade. Utilizou-se solo intemperizado tipo "migajon-limoso" (pastoso-limoso), com uma concentração média de 50.000 mg/kg de hidrocarbonetos totais de petróleo (HTPs). De acordo aos resultados obtidos e uma análise de variação, a velocidade de rotação é a variável mais significativa (contribuição do 96% da variação) no processo de remoção de hidrocarbonetos, observando-se uma velocidade ótima de 10 rpm, no intervalo 5-20 rpm. O nível máximo médio de remoção de HTPs foi de 65%, quando se operou o reator com 4 membranas acanaladas e 10 rpm. O número e tipo de membranas não teve efeito significativo sobre a remoção de HTPs. De acordo com os níveis de remoção alcançados, se considera que os reatores abertos à atmosfera poderiam ser aplicados exitosamente no campo à remediação de solos intemperizados e altamente contaminados, com a vantagem de que os tempos de tratamento são os mais baixos.
RESUMO
A total of 1,356 kidney transplants has been performed in the Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, IMSS, in Guadalajara Mexico, including 935 in the past 8 years. This represents an important increase of this activity in our country. Of the total transplants, 1,218 (90%) were from living donors and only 138 (10%) were from cadaveric donors, a number that we hope to increase. Most recipients were young adults, with an average age of 31 years old. The overall one-year graft and patient survival rates for living-donor kidney recipients were 90% and 82%, and for cadaveric kidney recipients they were 80% and 70%, respectively. Acute rejections occurred in 17% and chronic allograft nephropathy was diagnosed in 7% of our kidney transplant recipients. The main cause of patient death was infection, frequently invasive CMV. Cardiovascular complications were a relatively infrequent cause of death as has been seen in other international series. Hepatitis B and C have been widley studied. Hepatitis C is the most prevalent viral infection in our population. Both living and cadaveric donors in our series were young, which may explain the good results. We have had very few complications among living donors and no mortality. Two donors developed chronic renal insufficiency after the kidney donation (0.001%). This excellent safety record reflects the experience of our team. We hope to increase the number of cadaveric transplant donors with the renewed interest in enlarging the transplantation programs in Mexico while maintaining our high percentage of living donors in order to benefit more patients.
Assuntos
Transplante de Rim , Adolescente , Adulto , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Hepatite B/complicações , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/complicações , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Humanos , Nefropatias/complicações , Nefropatias/cirurgia , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Transplante de Rim/estatística & dados numéricos , Hepatopatias/etiologia , Doadores Vivos , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Doadores de TecidosRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIM: There is not enough information regarding risk factors for renal graft loss in Mexico and Latin America. The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors associated with graft loss in our renal transplant (RT) population. METHODS: Clinical records of 326 patients with a first RT performed between August/76 and June/99 were reviewed. Clinical and laboratory variables were recorded, as well as the final patient and renal function status. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Survival analysis by Kaplan-Meier method; mortality risk by multivariate Cox's proportional hazard model. RESULTS: At the end of the study, 275 patients were alive, 30 were dead, 21 lost to follow-up; 65 patients (20%) had reinitiated dialysis. Patient survival at 1, 3, 5, 8, and 10 years was 92%, 86%, 81%, 77%, and 77%, respectively. Graft survival at 1, 3, 5, 8, and 10 years was 87%, 73%, 64%, 50%, and 47%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, the following were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with graft loss: acute rejection episodes, cadaveric donors, and HLA haplotype mismatches. In the multivariate analysis, only acute rejection (RR 2.12, p = 0.002) and a lower HLA haplotype matching (RR 0.37, p = 0.002) predicted graft loss. CONCLUSIONS: In Mexican population, graft survival was similar to the reported in developed countries. The main risk factors for long-term graft failure were acute rejection and HLA haplotype mismatching.
Assuntos
Transplante de Rim/mortalidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Humanos , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
El adenocarcinoma de la pelvis renal es uno de los tumores más raros del aparato urinario. Hasta 1982 se habían informado de 36 casos en las publicaciones del mundo. Este es un informe del primer caso del estado de Michoacán, y segundo en México. Se hace referencia especial a las siguientes observaciones clínicas: frecuencia elevada de litiasis, presencia de hidronefrosis, cronicidad de los síntomas antes del diagnóstico, incapacidad para hacerlo con base en los estudios radiográficos preoperatorios con medio de contraste, propensión del tumor a implantarse en la porción distal del uréter y frecuencia elevada de recurrencias cuando ocurre diseminación operatoria. Es importante evitar la contaminación del campo operatorio con el contenido de riñón hidronefrótico, por lo que es necesario resecar la porción distal del uréter con un manguito de vejiga.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Adenocarcinoma , Pelve Renal , Neoplasias Pélvicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pélvicas/etiologia , Ureter , Metástase Neoplásica , Doenças UrológicasRESUMO
En 1972 se trató por vez primera con éxito, la hipocalcemia secundaria a insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) CON 1,25-dihidroxicolecalciferol, tratamiento que poco más tarde resultó eficaz en la osteítis fibrosa quística y la osteomalasia asociados a enfermedad renal. Flesttcher en 1911, fue el primero en reconocer que la IRC desempeña un papel importante en las deformidades óseas
Assuntos
Criança , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Calcitriol/uso terapêutico , Cálcio/sangue , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Calcitriol/uso terapêutico , México , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicaçõesRESUMO
Desde 1958, la biopsia renal percutánea se utilizó como método adjunto en el estudio de niños con enfermedades renales. La primera gran serie de biopsias pediátricas (150) fue publicada en 1958 por Vernier y Good. Las contraindicaciones de la biopsia renal son: presencia de cualquier condición con tendencia a sangrado, uremia, presencia de un solo riñón e hipertensión arterial
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Cricetinae , Humanos , Biópsia por Agulha/efeitos adversos , Hemorragia/etiologia , Rim/patologia , Ultrassonografia , Hematoma/etiologia , México , HematócritoRESUMO
La insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) es una entidad que independientemente de su génesis, condiciona una serie de alteraciones bioquímicas que dan por resultado un proceso patológico generalizado. Se conocen algunas medidas terapéuticas que se han utilizado para mejorar la homeostasis y condiciones generales del niño con IRC
Assuntos
Criança , Adolescente , Humanos , Colecalciferol/farmacologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/metabolismo , InsulinaRESUMO
Estudio de 53 lactantes con síndrome de choque e insuficiencia renal aguda, mediante "fracción excretada de sodio" y "excreción urinaria de Beta 2 microblogulina". La correlación entre estas dos pruebas para el diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal aguda fue muy significativa con r de Pearson de 0.79 y p menor de 0.01. Al correlacionar los hallazgos histopatológicos de insuficiencia renal aguda, en 10 pacientes que fallecieron, con la prueba fracción excretada de sodio y excreción de Beta 2 microglobulina en orina, mediante los índices de susceptibilidad, sensibilidad, valor pronóstico positivo, valor pronóstico negativo y eficacia, se demostró la mayor utilidad de Beta 2 microglobulina en relación con la fracción excretada de sodio para el diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal aguda en pacientes lactantes en estado de choque. Se puede concluir que ambas pruebas son eficaces para el diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal aguda, pero la Beta 2 microglobulina es más sensible, con un índice de confiabilidad de 95 a 99%
Assuntos
Lactente , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Choque/diagnóstico , Choque Séptico/diagnóstico , Sódio/metabolismo , Microglobulina beta-2 , Injúria Renal Aguda/diagnósticoRESUMO
Estudio retrospectivo, en un periodo de 10 meses, efectuado en 10 pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica, en quienes se aplicó diálisis peritoneal intermitente para conocer la frecuencia de la complicación más frecuente de este procedimiento: la peritonitis. Dicho estudio se llevó a cabo en el servicio de nefrología pediátrica del Hospital General, Centro Médico " La Raza" del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
Assuntos
Criança , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Peritonite/etiologia , Diálise Peritoneal Ambulatorial Contínua/efeitos adversosRESUMO
A 20 pacientes del servicio de nefrología pediátrica (del Hospital General del Centro Médico "La Raza") se les practicó biopsia renal percutánea. La complicación más frecuente fue hematoma perirrenal, aunque los datos clínicos no se relacionaron con hematoma. En cuanto a pruebas y exámenes, la hemoglobina no permite establecer la presencia de hematoma, no así el hematócrito que con su descenso indica la posibilidad de cursar con hematoma perirrenal, con lo que se concluye que no en todos los pacientes ha de efectuarse ultrasonido en el control posbiopsia renal
Assuntos
Terapia por Ultrassom , Biópsia/efeitos adversos , Rim/patologiaRESUMO
Se estudió a 10 pacientes con diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico, analizando el cuadro clínico y sú correlación con los criterios de la Asociación Norteamericana de Reumatología. Se agruparon las diferentes lesiones renales descubiertas, se valoró su evolución y su respuesta a los diferentes tratamientos y se registraron las complicaciones extrarrenales concomitantes
Assuntos
Criança , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Nefropatias , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicaçõesRESUMO
Se estudiaron 18 pacientes hipertensos del servicio de nefrología pediátrica, con etiología renovascular o daño renal parenquimatoso, en quienes el control de las cifras de presión arterial fue difícil a pesar del tratamiento con varios antihipertensivos, decidiéndose administrar captopril. Se procesó renina antes y después de la administración del medicamento. Las muestras iniciales mostraron elevación de la renina por arriba de límites normales; posteriormente a la administración de captopril, dicha elevación se incrementó de manera considerable y la presión arterial disminuyó, lo cual implica que el sistema renina/angiotensina/aldosterona está relacionado con la génesis de la presión arterial alta de estos pacientes y que captopril lo bloquea en forma eficaz
Assuntos
Humanos , Captopril/uso terapêutico , Renina/metabolismo , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Captopril/farmacologia , Hipertensão/enzimologiaRESUMO
Se presentar dos casos de vasculitis necrotico hemorrágica, con urticaria y niveles séricos bajos de complemento hemolítico. Se trata de un síndrome independiente de lupus eritematoso generalizado. En nuestro medio no se conocen informes similares. La lesión renal al parecer es benigna. Se debe hacer diagnóstico diferencial con púrpura vascular en edad pediátrica
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Complemento C2/deficiência , Vasculite Leucocitoclástica Cutânea/sangue , Vasculite Leucocitoclástica Cutânea/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Se estudiaron 18 pacientes del servicio de nefrología pediátrica del Hospital General, Centro Médico "La Raza", con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial renovascular o secundaria a daño parenquimatoso, en quienes el control de las cifras tensionales fue difícil con tratamiento combinado de varios medicamentos antihipertensivos. Se administró captopril en tres tomas durante treinta días; posteriormente las cifras tensionales disminuyeron de manera significativa, tanto para la presión sistólica como para la diastólica, lo que habla en favor del control eficaz de la hipertensión arterial con dicho farmaco, estableciéndose que el sistema renina/angiotensina/aldosterona está involucrado y que puede bloquearse con la administración de captopril