RESUMO
FUNDAMENTO: O trastuzumabe (TZB) é um anticorpo monoclonal humanizado recombinante usado no tratamento do câncer de mama HER2-positivo, com reconhecida cardiotoxicidade associada. Os métodos para sua detecção subclínica precoce não estão bem estabelecidos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a cardiotoxicidade induzida por TZB em pacientes (pts) portadoras de câncer de mama acompanhadas por um período de 3 meses de tratamento. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo de pts consecutivas em tratamento com TZB para câncer de mama HER2-positivo avançado, admitidas entre maio e setembro de 2010. Foram comparados dados clínicos, laboratoriais e ecocardiográficos antes da introdução de TZB e 3 meses após o início do tratamento com a droga. Foram estudadas a deterioração da função sistólica do ventrículo esquerdo (segundo critérios do Comitê de Avaliação e Revisão Cardíaca) e a função diastólica (classificação da Sociedade Americana de Ecocardiografia). RESULTADOS: Estavam disponíveis dados de 51 pacientes, cuja idade média era de 55,4±14,0 anos. Nenhuma paciente apresentou insuficiência cardíaca sintomática no terceiro mês. Não houve diferenças na fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) aos 3 meses (69,3 ± 7,4 contra 67,1 ± 6,5%, p > 0,05), tendo sido observada redução em 57,9% pts (em apenas uma a FEVE foi < 55%). Houve aumento significativo da relação E/e' (3,9 ± 0,8 contra 8,0 ± 1,9, p < 0,001) devido a uma redução da velocidade e' (0,19 ± 0,02 contra 0,10 ± 0,03, p < 0,001). Os demais parâmetros diastólicos permaneceram inalterados. Tanto o volume atrial esquerdo quanto o ventricular esquerdo permaneceram inalterados. Não houve aumento dos níveis de peptídeo natriurético tipo pró-B N-terminal. Durante o período de seguimento, duas pacientes morreram e duas foram internadas, todas por causas não cardiovasculares. CONCLUSÃO: Durante os três primeiros meses de tratamento com TZB, nenhuma das pacientes apresentou insuficiência cardíaca franca ou deterioração significativa da FEVE. Detectou-se redução significativa da relação e/e', porém sem alterações importantes dos parâmetros de carga e da FEVE.
BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab (TZB) is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody, used for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer, with recognized associated-cardiotoxicity. The methods for its early sub-clinical detection are not well defined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate TZB-induced cardiotoxicity in patients (pts) with breast cancer followed for a 3-month period of treatment. METHODS: Prospective study of consecutive pts treated with TZB for advanced HER2-positive breast cancer enrolled between May-September/2010. A comparison of clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic data, prior to and at the 3rd month after starting TZB was performed. Left ventricular systolic function deterioration (Cardiac Review and Evaluation Committee criteria) and diastolic function (American Society of Echocardiography classification) were studied. RESULTS: Data were available for 51 women, mean age = 55.4 ± 14.0y. At the 3rd month, no patient had symptomatic heart failure. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) did not differ at 3 months (69.3 ± 7.4 vs. 67.1 ± 6.5%, p > 0.05), decreasing in 57.9% pts (only one to LVEF < 55%). There was a significant increase in the E/e' ratio (3.9 ± 0.8 vs. 8.0 ± 1.9, p < 0,001) due to an e' velocity reduction (0.19 ± 0.02 vs. 0.10 ± 0.03, p < 0.001). Other diastolic parameters remained unchanged. Both the left atrial and the left ventricular volumes remained unchanged. N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide levels did not increase. During the follow up period two pts died and two were admitted to the hospital, all for non-cardiovascular causes. CONCLUSIONS: During the first 3 months of TZB treatment none of the pts presented overt heart failure or significant LVEF deterioration. A significant reduction in the E/e' ratio was detected, but neither the loading parameters nor LVEF changed significantly .
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/induzido quimicamente , Ecocardiografia Doppler/métodos , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Estudos Prospectivos , /metabolismo , Volume Sistólico/efeitos dos fármacos , Resultado do Tratamento , Função Ventricular Esquerda/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab (TZB) is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody, used for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer, with recognized associated-cardiotoxicity. The methods for its early sub-clinical detection are not well defined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate TZB-induced cardiotoxicity in patients (pts) with breast cancer followed for a 3-month period of treatment. METHODS: Prospective study of consecutive pts treated with TZB for advanced HER2-positive breast cancer enrolled between May-September/2010. A comparison of clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic data, prior to and at the 3rd month after starting TZB was performed. Left ventricular systolic function deterioration (Cardiac Review and Evaluation Committee criteria) and diastolic function (American Society of Echocardiography classification) were studied. RESULTS: Data were available for 51 women, mean age = 55.4 ± 14.0y. At the 3rd month, no patient had symptomatic heart failure. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) did not differ at 3 months (69.3 ± 7.4 vs. 67.1 ± 6.5%, p > 0.05), decreasing in 57.9% pts (only one to LVEF < 55%). There was a significant increase in the E/e' ratio (3.9 ± 0.8 vs. 8.0 ± 1.9, p < 0,001) due to an e' velocity reduction (0.19 ± 0.02 vs. 0.10 ± 0.03, p < 0.001). Other diastolic parameters remained unchanged. Both the left atrial and the left ventricular volumes remained unchanged. N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide levels did not increase. During the follow up period two pts died and two were admitted to the hospital, all for non-cardiovascular causes. CONCLUSIONS: During the first 3 months of TZB treatment none of the pts presented overt heart failure or significant LVEF deterioration. A significant reduction in the E/e' ratio was detected, but neither the loading parameters nor LVEF changed significantly .