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OBJECTIVES: This study tested the ability of bioactive pastes containing niobophosphate and 45S5 glasses to reduce dentin permeability and to obliterate dentinal tubules, as a mean of reducing human dentin hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experimental pastes with concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 wt% of two bioactive glasses (45S5 or niobophosphate [NbG]) were formulated. A paste without bioactive glass (placebo) and a commercial paste (Nano P, FGM) were used as controls. Forty dentin disc specimens were obtained from caries-free extracted third human molars and divided in 8 groups (n = 5). Percentage of permeability (%Lp) was assessed in a dental permeability machine considering hydraulic conductance, immediately after pastes application and at day 7, day 14, and day 21. The precipitates formed on the surface of the dentin discs (and dentinal tubules) were analyzed by SEM/EDS and micro-Raman spectra. Data of dentin permeability (%) 2-way repeated-measures (ANOVA) and Holm-Sidak post-tests (α = 0.05). Dentinal tubule obliteration was visually (and elemental) evaluated and descriptively reported. RESULTS: The experimental bioactive glass pastes containing NbG and 45S5, regardless of the concentration, reduced dentin permeability in comparison with pastes without bioactive glasses (P < 0.05). The formulated placebo and commercial paste did not reduce permeability over time (P < 0.05). SEM/EDS and micro-Raman analyses showed that both type of bioactive pastes (NbG or 45S5-based) presented mineral precipitates obliterating the dentinal tubules at day 21. NbG seems to offer a better initial effect than 45S5, while at 21 days there is no difference between both glasses. CONCLUSION: Experimental bioactive pastes containing NbG and 45S5 (at concentrations of 10%, 20%, or 30%) have potential to reduce dentin permeability (over time) in comparison with pastes without bioactive glasses; and this occurs on behalf of obliteration of dentinal tubules by microparticle and precipitate formation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bioactive pastes containing NbG and 45S5 may benefit patients presenting dentin hypersensitivity, because these pastes can start acting fast after application and maintain their action up to 21 days.

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The use of bioactive materials is a recent proposal in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) due to the ability to stimulate the neoformation of a barrier on dentin surface. Questions have arisen about the effectiveness of the materials to reduce DH when compared to the control groups (placebo or non-bioactive substance). Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the randomized controlled trials in adult patients for DH treatment with a dentifrice containing bioactive glass, applied either at-home or in-office. Methods: The study was registered in PROSPERO and followed PRISMA guidelines. Searches were carried out in four databases (Pubmed/Medline, CENTRAL, Wbb of Science, LILACS) spanning from February 2020 to March 2020, with no language or publication date restrictions. A supplementary hand-search was performed by checking the list of references. The so-called gray literature of the national and international databases for theses and dissertations, as well as unfinished, in progress and unpublished studies were also searched. Results: After reading the titles and abstracts, articles that were duplicated (74 records) or unrelated to the systematic review (76 records) were excluded. Fifteen studies were evaluated considering seven at low risk of bias, four at high risk and four at moderate risk. Conclusion: The bioactive compounds at low concentrations (2.5-7.5%) can be used as treatment of DH both at-home and in-office.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o grau de cooperação dos pacientes da Clínica de Periodontia do Curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão durante a terapia periodontal de suporte (TPS). Avaliou-se a profundidade de sondagem (PS), recessão gengival (RG), nível de inserção clínica (NIC), mobilidade dentária, envolvimento de furca, índice de placa (IP) e índice de sangramento gengival (ISG) de 16 pacientes adultos em três fases: baseline, T1 e T2. Os indivíduos foram diagnosticados quanto à condição periodontal e responderam ao questionário sobre o impacto na rotina e qualidade de vida nos últimos seis meses pelo índice OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Os pacientes foram classificados conforme o grau de cooperação em: colaboradores (75%), colaboradores irregulares (12,5%) e não colaboradores (12,5%). A PS e o NIC dos pacientes colaboradores durante as três fases não sofreram diferenças significativas. O ISG sofreu uma redução comparada ao baseline. A média do IP dos pacientes colaboradores sofreu uma pequena redução, ao contrário dos colaboradores irregulares. Não houve escores de impacto forte na avaliação do OHIP-14, demonstrando uma boa percepção da qualidade da saúde bucal pelos indivíduos. Os pacientes colaboradores tiveram um impacto fraco em relação à doença periodontal nas duas fases do estudo (T1 e T2). Os principais diagnósticos foram a gengivite associada ao biofilme (38,46%) e periodontite crônica avançada localizada (30,76%). Pode-se concluir que os pacientes, em sua maioria, mostraram-se colaboradores na TPS, mantendo sua condição periodontal estável ou progredindo para saúde periodontal.

Motivation and education in mouth health are basic tools to prevent periodontal diseases. Current study assesses patients´ cooperation level at the Periodontal Clinic of the Dentistry Course of the Universidade Federal do Maranhão during Basic Periodontal Therapy (BPT). Sounding depth (PS), gum recession (RG), level of clinical insertion, dental mobility, furca involvement, plaque index (IP) and gum blooding index (ISG) of six adult were assessed clinically at three phases: baseline, T1 and T2. The patients were diagnosed with regard to their periodontal condition and answered a questionnaire on the impact on routine and life quality during the last six months, using Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Data underwent statistical analysis and patients were classified according to their cooperation level, namely, collaborators (75%), irregular collaborators (12.5%) and non-collaborators (12.5%). No significant differences existed in collaborators´ PS and NIC during the three phases. ISG decreased when compared to baseline. IP mean of collaborating patients showed a slight decrease when compared to that of irregular collaborators. Since no significant score impact existed in OHIP-14 assessment, there was a good perception by patients with regard to mouth health quality. Collaborating patients had a weak impact with regard to periodontal disease in the two phases (T1 and T2). Main diagnoses were gingivitis plus biofilm gum (38.46%) and local advanced chronic periodontitis (30.76%). Results show that most patients collaborated with BPT, with a stable or advanced periodontal condition in periodontal health.

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Objetivo: Verificar a presença da sensibilidade da dentina e seu impacto na qualidade de vida de pacientes periodontais. Material e Métodos: Foram examinados 36 pacientes com periodontite crônica de ambos os sexos na faixa etária de 18 a 59 anos na Clínica de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Os participantes responderam a um questionário socioeconômico e sobre hábitos de higiene bucal. O impacto da sensibilidade da dentina na qualidade de vida foi avaliado pelo OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile). Clinicamente, a sensibilidade da dentina foi avaliada pela utilização de spray ar-água e sonda exploradora nº 05, utilizando-se escores de 0 a 3. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística por meio do teste não paramétrico Qui-quadrado (χ2). O nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que 18 pacientes apresentaram sensibilidade da dentina, nos quais os pré-molares foram os dentes mais acometidos (55,5%). A sensibilidade da dentina foi mais observada pelo spray ar-água (86,1%), em seguida pela sonda exploradora (51,0%). Desconforto/dor leve (escore 1) foi mais encontrado com spray ar- água (43,5%), enquanto que dor intensa que persiste após estímulo foi mais verificada pela sonda exploradora nº 05 (51,0%). O OHIP-14 revelou impacto de fraco (66,7%) a médio (33,3%) nos pacientes com sensibilidade da dentina. Os indivíduos sem sensibilidade apresentaram impacto fraco (94,4%). Conclusão: A sensibilidade da dentina afetou parte dos pacientes periodontais com impacto de fraco a médio na qualidade de vida

Aim: This study sought to observe the presence of dentin sensitivity in its different degrees and its impact on patients' quality of life. Methods: Thirty-six patients with chronic periodontitis, both male and female, ranging from 18 to 59 years of age, were examined at the Federal University of Maranhão. The patients answered a questionnaire on their socioeconomic status and oral hygiene habits. The impact of dentin sensitivity on the patients' quality of life was assessed by Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Clinically, dentin sensitivity was examined by an air-water spray and a #5 dental explorer, using scores 0-3. Data were submitted to statistical analysis by non-parametric chi-squaretest. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: The results showed that 18 patients presented dentin sensitivity. The premolars were the most affected teeth (55.5%). Dentin sensitivity was most observed when the air-water spray was used (86.1 %), followed by the dental explorer (51 %). The discomfort and mild pain (score 1) was more frequently found when using the air-water spray (43.50%), while severe pain that persists after stimulation was observed in teeth with sensitivity to the dental explorer (51%). The OHIP-14 revealed low (66.67%) and medium (33.33 %) impacts on patients with dentin sensitivity. Patients without dentin sensitivity mostly showed a low impact (94.44%). Conclusion: Dentin sensitivity affected a portion of the periodontal patients, with low to medium impact on one's quality of life

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A perda dental ainda é um grande problema na Odontologia. Entretanto, com novas pesquisas, uma proposta de tratamento por meio do uso das células-tronco vem sendo utilizada para melhorar as funções do órgão dental. Essas células trazem alternativas para regeneração dentino-pulpar, do tecido periodontal, óssea, da cartilagem da articulação temporo-mandibular e o desenvolvimento da terceira dentição. As principais fontes são: células mesenquimais presentes na região periodontal e na polpa dental, em especial de dentes decíduos, ainda folículo dental e papila apical. Todas estas células apresentam capacidade proliferativa e regenerativa dos tecidos humanos, sejam eles dentais ou não. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve o propósito de fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre a ENGENHARIA TECIDUAL com enfoque para células-tronco quanto ao uso, fontes, vantagens e desvantagens, bem como elucidar as reais aplicabilidades na Odontologia.

Tooth loss is still a major problem in Dentistry. However, new treatments may be achieved by using stem cells to restore all functions of the tooth. These cells provide new alternatives such as: regeneration of pulp-dentin, periodontal tissue and temporomandibular joint cartilage and the development of third dentition. The main sources are: mesenchymal cells in the periodontium and dental pulp, especially in primary teeth, even the dental follicle and the apical papilla. All these cells have shown proliferative and regenerative capacity of human tissues, whether or not dental tissues. Thus, the aim of this study was to perform a literature review on tissue engineering focusing on stem cells, their use, sources, advantages and disadvantages, as well as to clarify the real applicability in Dentistry.

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