RESUMO
A total of 2,708 individuals from the European-derived population of Rio Grande do Sul, divided into seven mesoregions, and of 226 individuals of similar origin from Santa Catarina were studied. Seventeen protein genetic systems, as well as grandparents' nationalities, individuals' surnames, and interethnic admixture were investigated. The alleles which presented the highest and lowest differences were GLO1*2 (16 per cent) and PGD*A (2 per cent), respectively, but in general no significant genetic differences were found among mesoregions. The values observed were generally those expected for individuals of European descent, with the largest difference being a lower prevalence (34-39per cent) of P*1. Significant heterogeneity among mesoregions was observed for the other variables considered, and was consistent with historical records. The Amerindian contribution to the gene pool of European-derived subjects in Rio Grande do Sul was estimated to be as high as 11 per cent. Based on the four data sets, the most general finding was a tendency for a northeast-southwest separation of the populations studied. Seven significant phenotype associations between systems were observed at the 5 per cent level (three at the 0.1 per cent level). Of the latter, the two most interesting (since they were also observed in other studies) were MNSs/Duffy and Rh/ACP.
Assuntos
Humanos , Alelos , Variação Genética , Etnicidade/genética , Haplótipos , Linhagem , Proteínas/genética , Brasil/etnologia , Europa (Continente) , Análise Multivariada , FenótipoRESUMO
A total of 5,020 individuals living in two southern Brazilian states were screened in relation to albumin types; two variants were found, in Passo Fundo (Nagasaki 2) and Vera Cruz (Tradate 2). Another variant, detected in the northeast, was identified as Porto Alegre 2, which also occurs in other places in Brazil, as well as in India, Pakistan, and Turkey. The results were integrated with those obtained in other studies in South America, yielding a total of 16,941 Amerindians and 23,839 non-Indian subjects. Molecular and physiological studies performed in some of the variants suggested clues to explain the restricted distribution of albumin Yanomama 2 and the widespread occurrence of albumin Maku. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 11:359-366, 1999. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
RESUMO
A sample of 417 individuals belonging to three Tupi-Mondé-speaking tribes (Gavião, Surui, Zoró) were variously studied in relation to 26 genetic protein systems. Previous investigations performed among the Surui in relation to some of these systems were confirmed. The three groups do not depart markedly from the genetic pattern already established for South American Indians and show low inter-ethnic admixture. When these results are combined with those from 10 other Tupi tribes, two clear geographic groupings (southeastern and northwestern) can be discerned. Using different methods to evaluate the same genetic distance matrices, different patterns of association between the Tupi-Mondé populations were obtained. The populations are probably too similar among themselves, blurring finer relationships. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 10:711-722, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.