RESUMO
SUMMARY: The congenital Zika syndrome is a new entity of a group of etiologies that can lead to microcephaly and other brain damages during pregnancy, such as toxoplasmosis, rubeola, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex. The Zika virus crosses the placental barrier and, predominantly, affects neuronal progenitor cells. This disruptive process results in severe cortical developmental disorder, calcifications, cortical and subcortical atrophies, and malformations of the cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord. Children with congenital Zika syndrome have a set of clinical findings, such as cerebral palsy, dysphagia, orthopedic deformities, visual and auditory impairment, and, rarely, hydrocephalus. Because of the severity of brain lesions, epilepsy is a common finding and a frequent cause of increased morbidity. The prevalence of epilepsy in different series of patients ranges from 37.7% to 71.4%. The aim of this study is to review the studies published so far regarding epilepsy and the EEG pattern in series of patients with congenital Zika syndrome.
Assuntos
Epilepsia , Microcefalia , Infecção por Zika virus , Zika virus , Criança , Eletroencefalografia , Epilepsia/epidemiologia , Epilepsia/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Microcefalia/epidemiologia , Placenta , Gravidez , Infecção por Zika virus/complicações , Infecção por Zika virus/congênito , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Resistência a Medicamentos , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/efeitos adversos , Imunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapêutico , Mieloma Múltiplo/tratamento farmacológico , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Síndrome de Sweet/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Biópsia , Humanos , Masculino , Mieloma Múltiplo/diagnóstico , Indução de Remissão , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Pele/patologia , Síndrome de Sweet/induzido quimicamente , Síndrome de Sweet/diagnóstico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemia (t-AML) is a generally fatal disease with a very poor response to conventional chemotherapy. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) has been reported in patients with chemotherapy- responsive t-AML. However its use is limited owing to complications from previous treatments. Nonmyeloablative conditioning provides rapid hematologic engraftment and it is a feasible option for patients who are at increased risk for conventional SCT. There are few data on their use in patients with t-AML. We describe the case of a boy who developed visceral fungal infection with liver abscesses after induction chemotherapy for t-AML. He received allo-SCT with a nonmyeloablative regimen, plus amphotericin B during the transplant procedure. The patient is alive and free of both leukemia and fungal infection 2 years after allo-SCT. Nonmyeloablative allo-SCT may provide durable remission in patients with t-AML, preexisting invasive fungal infections, and a high risk of adverse effects from standard chemotherapy and prolonged cytopenia, without resurgence of the fungal infection.
Assuntos
Candidíase/microbiologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/complicações , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/terapia , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Candidíase/tratamento farmacológico , Criança , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/diagnóstico , Masculino , Transplante Homólogo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare bone tunnel positioning in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery using the arthroscopic technique and the open technique consisting of arthrotomy. METHOD: A comparative retrospective study on 70 patients with ACL lesions was conducted. Thirty-five patients underwent ACL reconstruction by means of the open technique and 35 by means of the arthroscopic technique using an anteromedial portal. All the patients underwent ACL reconstruction using an autologous graft from the middle third of the patellar tendon, fixed using interference screws. The postoperative radiographs were reviewed and the positioning of the femoral tunnel was evaluated using the methods proposed by Harner et al. and Aglietti et al., while the tibial tunnel was assessed using the method proposed by Rauschning and Stäubli. RESULTS: Fifty-four of the patients were male and 16 were female. Their mean age at the time of the procedure was 34 years and 3 months, with a range from 17 to 58 years. The arthroscopic technique was shown to be more accurate than the open technique for positioning both the femoral and the tibial bone tunnels. CONCLUSIONS: Radiological analysis on the knees subjected to ACL reconstruction showed that the positioning of both the femoral and the tibial bone tunnels presented less variation when the surgery was performed arthroscopically.
RESUMO
OBJETIVO: Avaliar e comparar o posicionamento dos túneis ósseos na cirurgia de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) pela técnica artroscópica e pela técnica aberta através da artrotomia. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo comparativo de 70 pacientes acometidos por lesão do LCA. Trinta e cinco pacientes foram submetidos à reconstrução do LCA por via aberta e 35 por via artroscópica utilizando a técnica via portal anteromedial. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à reconstrução do LCA usando enxerto autólogo do terço central do tendão patelar fixado com parafusos de interferência. As radiografias pós-operatórias foram revisadas e o posicionamento do túnel femoral foi avaliado pelos métodos propostos por Harner e Aglietti, enquanto o túnel tibial foi avaliado pelo método proposto por Staubli e Rauschning. RESULTADOS: Foram observados 54 pacientes do sexo masculino e 16 do sexo feminino. A média de idade na ocasião do procedimento foi de 34 anos e três meses, variando de 17 a 58 anos. A técnica artroscópica mostrou-se mais precisa que a técnica aberta quanto ao posicionamento dos túneis ósseos, tanto femoral quanto tibial. CONCLUSÃO: Através da análise radiológica dos joelhos submetidos à reconstrução do LCA, observou-se que o posicionamento dos túneis ósseos, tanto femoral quanto tibial, apresenta menor variação quando a cirurgia é feita pela via artroscópica.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare bone tunnel positioning in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery using the arthroscopic technique and the open technique consisting of arthrotomy. METHOD: A comparative retrospective study on 70 patients with ACL lesions was conducted. Thirty-five patients underwent ACL reconstruction by means of the open technique and 35 by means of the arthroscopic technique using an anteromedial portal. All the patients underwent ACL reconstruction using an autologous graft from the middle third of the patellar tendon, fixed using interference screws. The postoperative radiographs were reviewed and the positioning of the femoral tunnel was evaluated using the methods proposed by Harner and Aglietti, while the tibial tunnel was assessed using the method proposed by Rauschning and Staubli. RESULTS: Fifty-four of the patients were male and 16 were female. Their mean age at the time of the procedure was 34 years and 3 months, with a range from 17 to 58 years. The arthroscopic technique was shown to be more accurate than the open technique for positioning both the femoral and the tibial bone tunnels. CONCLUSIONS: Radiological analysis on the knees subjected to ACL reconstruction showed that the positioning of both the femoral and the tibial bone tunnels presented less variation when the surgery was performed arthroscopically.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Joelho/cirurgia , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/cirurgia , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/lesões , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Traumatismos dos TendõesAssuntos
Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose Visceral/diagnóstico , Linfonodos/patologia , Adolescente , Animais , Doença de Hodgkin/complicações , Humanos , Leishmania donovani/isolamento & purificação , Leishmaniose Visceral/complicações , Leishmaniose Visceral/parasitologia , Linfonodos/parasitologia , MasculinoRESUMO
The combination of methotrexate and cyclosporine A (MTX-CSA) is the standard regimen for the prevention of graft vs. host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) from HLA-identical siblings. Mycophenolate mofetil and CSA (MMF-CSA) combination has been successfully used for GVHD prophylaxis after non-reduced intensity conditioning (non-RIC) allo-SCT with peripheral blood or non-G-CSF stimulated bone marrow as stem cell source. We report the results of the first prospective trial of the MMF-CSA combination for acute GVHD prophylaxis in 47 patients after non-RIC G-CSF stimulated allo-BMT (G-BMT) from HLA-identical siblings in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) or hematological malignancies. Median age was 28 yr (range, 6-48 yr). Median follow-up was 22 months. The median time to neutrophil and platelets recovery were nine d (range, 8-17) and 16 d (range, 10-28), respectively. Acute GVHD of grade II-IV and chronic GVHD occurred in 51% and 27%, respectively. Overall survival rates at two yr for patients with SAA and hematological malignancies were 87% and 65%, respectively. The event-free survival at two yr for patients with hematological malignancies was 76%. We concluded that MMF-CSA appears equivalent to MTX-CSA for GVHD prophylaxis in patients receiving non-RIC G-BMT from HLA-identical siblings, with a tendency for more rapid neutrophil engraftment.