RESUMO

Some marine invertebrates can inhabit floating substrates, and raft over long distances, becoming a significant environmental problem in terms of alien species and habitat disruption. On the Atlantico Department beaches (Colombia) woody debris and plastic litter dominate (86%) the types of refuse on the beaches with their densities ranging from 0.82-1.72 items m-1. Such litter and woody debris generate the optimal conditions for floating colonizers. In this work, 26 beaches were surveyed, and 16 of them (62%) were found to have marine fauna using litter and woody debris as a substrate for potential rafting and dispersal. Serpulidae polychaete tubes, goose barnacles Lepas (Anatifa) anserifera Linnaeus, 1767, and the bryozoans Arbopercula tenella (Hincks, 1880), Arbopercula angulata (Levinsen, 1909), plus three unidentified species were found colonizing woody debris, seeds, plastic and glass bottles. These findings of woody debris and litter facilitating the arrival and dispersal of non-native species on this coast, demonstrate that preventive management of such refuse in coastal habitats goes beyond simply preserving coastal esthetics.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Gastrointestinal parasites are one of the most important health problems in cattle worldwide, as they cause economic losses in the herds. Twenty - seven double purpose herds were visited to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle at the Rio de Oro and Aguachica municipalities. Overall, 862 fecal samples were collected in three age groups: <12months, 12-24months and >24months. Stool samples were taken directly from the rectum and refrigerated until processing. For parasite determination, fecal samples were processed using coprological techniques. The parasitic genera were identified by egg or infective larval morphology. The global prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 83.2%, being the highest values for Eimeria sp. (77.9%), Strongyloides sp. (10.8%) and Haemonchus sp. (8.5%). Regarding the prevalence by municipalities, there was no statistical association (P>0.05) indicating that the prevalence was similar in the two municipalities. Regarding the results for Eimeria sp., different degrees of positivity were observed, reflecting that there was statistical association (P<0.05) with respect to the age group, suggesting that adult animals may act as infection source for calves. Likewise, there was statistical association (P<0.05) between the prevalence for Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp. and Trichostrongylus sp. with respect to the age group. It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in dual-purpose cattle in the municipalities under study, and that it could be controlled by improving the hygienic conditions of the herds, and informing the farmer about parasite control programs.

Assuntos

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cuidador familiar es la fuente más importante de apoyo social y requiere desarrollar habilidades para reforzar las conductas de autocuidado en su familiar. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la competencia de cuidado de los cuidadores familiares de los pacientes con falla cardiaca (FC) en una institución de cuarto nivel de complejidad. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Con un tamaño de muestra de 41 cuidadores familiares de personas con FC que asisten al programa de FC en una institución de salud de cuarto nivel, durante el segundo semestre del 2016. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó el instrumento "CUIDAR" que cuenta con pruebas de validez de constructo y consistencia interna con un alfa de Cronbach de 0.93. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo con distribución de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. RESULTADOS: El nivel de competencia global para el cuidado en el hogar de los cuidadores familiares de los pacientes con FC fue medio y alto. Las dimensiones que alcanzaron un nivel más alto de competencia fueron Disfrutar e Instrumental y Procedimental. DISCUSIÓN: Una adecuada competencia para el cuidado en los cuidadores se convierte en un factor que puede influir de manera positiva en el manejo de la persona. CONCLUSIONES: Una adecuada competencia del cuidador familiar va a permitir una mejor adaptación a los nuevos requerimientos de la vida del paciente con su enfermedad y pueden ayudar a prevenir las descompensaciones.

INTRODUCCIÓN: The family caretaker is the most important source of social support and requires developing skills to reinforce self-care conducts in their relatives. The aim of this study was to determine the care skills of family caretakers of patients with heart failure (HF) in an institution with tier IV level of complexity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, with a sample size of 41 family caretakers of people with HF attending the HF program in a tier IV health institution, during the second semester of 2016. The 'CUIDAR' instrument was used to collect information. Said instrument has construct validity and internal consistency tests with Cronbach's alpha of 0.93. A descriptive analysis was performed with absolute and relative distribution frequencies. RESULTS: The global skill level for homecare of family caretakers of patients with HF was medium and high. The dimensions reaching the highest level of skills were enjoyment, instrumental, and procedural. DISCUSSION: An adequate care skill in caretakers becomes a factor that can positively influence upon managing a person. CONCLUSIONS: Adequate skills of family caretakers will permit better adaptation to the new life requirements of patients with their disease and can help to prevent decompensations.

INTRODUÇÃO: O cuidador familiar é a mais importante fonte de apoio social e precisa desenvolver habilidades para melhorar os comportamentos de autocuidado em seu familiar. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a competência de cuidado dos cuidadores familiares de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC) em uma instituição de quarto nível de complexidade. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo de coorte transversal. O tamanho de amostra foi de 41 cuidadores familiares de pessoas com IC que frequentam o programa de IC em uma instituição de saúde de quarto nível, durante a metade do segundo semestre de 2016. Para a coleta da informação, utilizou-se o instrumento "CUIDAR" que tem validade de construto e consistência interna, com um alfa de Cronbach de 0.93. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva com distribuição de frequências absolutas e relativas. RESULTADOS: O nível de competência global para o atendimento domiciliar dos cuidadores familiares de pacientes com IC foi médio e alto. As dimensões que atingiram um nível mais alto de competência foram Desfrutar e Instrumental e Processual. DISCUSSÃO:Uma apropriada competência para o cuidado em cuidadores se torna um fator que pode influenciar positivamente a gestão da pessoa. CONCLUSÕES: Uma adequada competência do cuidador familiar vai permitir uma melhor adaptação às novas exigências da vida do paciente com a doença e podem ajudar a evitar as descompensações.

Assuntos