RESUMO
Although Brazil is the world's fourth largest producer and exporter of pork, there is no information on Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pigs. This study was undertaken to determine the presence of E. bieneusi in pigs in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fecal samples were collected from 91 pigs (1- to 12-month-old) in 10 properties and examined by molecular methods. The presence of E. bieneusi was determined by PCR and all PCR positive specimens were sequenced to determine the genotype by nucleotide sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer of the rRNA gene. E. bieneusi was found in pigs in all farms. Fifty four (59.3%) samples were E. bieneusi-positive. A wide genetic diversity was found with 21 genotypes identified, 4 previously reported (O, EbpA, CS-1, and H) and 17 novel genotypes named PigEb1-PigEb17. All 17 novel genotypes identified in this study clustered within the previously designated zoonotic Group 1. The most prevalent genotypes were novel genotypes PigEb2 and PigEb4 (16/91, 17.6%, each). Mixed infections with 2 or 3 genotypes were detected in 13 pigs (24.1%). The high prevalence in pigs observed in this study, the description of two known zoonotic genotypes (EbpA and O), and the report of 17 new genotypes of E. bieneusi, represent an important advancement in the study of the wide genetic diversity of this organism, emphasizing the importance of further research, especially in geographical areas where little or no research has been conducted. The zoonotic risk of these novel genotypes and their importance to other animal species is still unknown, but needs to be further evaluated.
Assuntos
Enterocytozoon/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/microbiologia , Gado/microbiologia , Microsporidiose/veterinária , Sus scrofa/microbiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/microbiologia , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Brasil/epidemiologia , Coinfecção/microbiologia , Coinfecção/veterinária , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Enterocytozoon/genética , Variação Genética , Genótipo , Humanos , Microsporidiose/epidemiologia , Microsporidiose/microbiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Feces were collected from 68 dairy cattle, 1 to 12 mo of age, on 12 farms in the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium sp. All samples were subjected to molecular analysis by polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) of the 18S rRNA. Four positive samples (4.54%) were sequenced and identified as Cryptosporidium andersoni. This species represents a risk for Brazilian cattle because infection can affect cattle productivity. Moreover, C. andersoni is considered a zoonotic species.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Criptosporidiose/veterinária , Cryptosporidium/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/parasitologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/transmissão , Criptosporidiose/epidemiologia , Criptosporidiose/parasitologia , Criptosporidiose/transmissão , Cryptosporidium/classificação , Cryptosporidium/genética , DNA de Protozoário/química , DNA de Protozoário/isolamento & purificação , Indústria de Laticínios , Fezes/parasitologia , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , RNA Ribossômico 18S/genética , Alinhamento de Sequência , Zoonoses/parasitologia , Zoonoses/transmissãoRESUMO
Pigs may represent a source of Cryptosporidium sp. infection to humans. The objective of this study was to identify the Cryptosporidium species present in pigs from the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and verify what risks pigs represent in the transmission of human cryptosporidiosis, because there is no such information to date in Brazil. Ninety-one samples of pig feces were collected from 10 piggeries in 2 municipalities located in the north and northwest regions of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol to amplify an 830-bp fragment of the small subunit rDNA (SSU rRNA) gene was followed by sequencing of all positive PCR samples. Two samples (2.2%) were Cryptosporidium sp. positive and were identified as pig genotype type II (PGII). This genotype has been observed in an immunocompetent person, in cattle without pigs nearby, and from a potential human source. Its potential for zoonotic transmission is little known and should be rigorously studied.
Assuntos
Criptosporidiose/veterinária , Cryptosporidium/classificação , Doenças dos Suínos/parasitologia , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criptosporidiose/epidemiologia , Criptosporidiose/parasitologia , Criptosporidiose/transmissão , Cryptosporidium/genética , DNA de Protozoário/química , DNA de Protozoário/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/parasitologia , Genótipo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Fatores de Risco , Alinhamento de Sequência/veterinária , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/transmissãoRESUMO
Eighteen jirds were equally distributed in two treated and one control groups. The commercial products to the fenbendazole base (10mg) and the association of febantel (1.5mg), pirantel (1.44mg) and praziquantel (0.5mg) were orally administred in the concentration of 0.1ml in each group. The effectiveness of febendazole against oxiurids was 81.8 percent, 65.0 and 38.7 percent and for the association of febantel, pirantel and praziquantel was 72.7 percent, 73.8 percent and 51.0 percent on days 7, 14 and 21, respectively. Three applications of that dose of the tested medications, within intervals of 10 days, associated to hygiene, are recommended.
Assuntos
Anti-Helmínticos/administração & dosagem , Anti-Helmínticos/efeitos adversos , Gerbillinae , Pamoato de Pirantel/administração & dosagem , Praziquantel/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Eighteen jirds were equally distributed in two treated and one control groups. The commercial products to the fenbendazole base (10mg) and the association of febantel (1.5mg), pirantel (1.44mg) and praziquantel (0.5mg) were orally administred in the concentration of 0.1ml in each group. The effectiveness of febendazole against oxiurids was 81.8%, 65.0 and 38.7% and for the association of febantel, pirantel and praziquantel was 72.7%, 73.8% and 51.0% on days 7, 14 and 21, respectively. Three applications of that dose of the tested medications, within intervals of 10 days, associated to hygiene, are recommended.(AU)