RESUMO
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o dimorfismo sexual em uma coleção de mandíbulas portuguesas através de uma metodologia métrica digital, utilizando análise estatística descritiva, inferencial e multivariada para identificar quais parâmetros são mais dimórficos e quais são os melhores preditores de sexo. Trinta e três mandíbulas (14 mulheres e 19 homens) e pertences pessoais foram fotograficamente registrados com código e sexo. Os dados foram coletados por tomografia e as medidas foram feitas pelo software Simplant Pro. Foram registrados a largura máxima e mínima do ramo mandibular, altura condilar, altura do processo coronoide, altura da sínfise mandibular, ângulo mandibular, distâncias bimentual, biantegonial, bigonial e bicondilar e comprimento máximo mandibular. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando IBM® SPSS. Os resultados mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas para os seguintes parâmetros: altura do processo coronoide, altura do côndilo, comprimento máximo da mandíbula e largura mínima do ramo mandibular. Na análise estatística multivariada foi possível identificar a altura do processo coronoide como melhor preditor de sexo com precisão em 72,2% dos casos. Isto permite uma diferenciação mais fácil entre mandíbulas femininas e masculinas com uma precisão de 64,3% e 78,9%, respectivamente. Foi possível concluir que a altura do processo coronoide é o parâmetro mais dimórfico e o melhor preditor de sexo na amostra.
This study aimed to assess sex dimorphism in a collection of Portuguese mandibles through a digital metric methodology by using descriptive, inferential, and multivariate statistical analysis to identify which parameters are the most dimorphic and which are the best sex predictors. Thirty-three mandibles (14 females and 19 males) and personal belongings were photographically registered with code and sex. Data was collected using tomography, and measurements were made using the Simplant Pro software. The maximum and minimum width of the mandibular ramus, condylar height, coronoid process height, mandibular symphysis height, mandibular angle, bi-mental, bi-antegonial, bi-gonial and bi-condylar distances, and maximal mandibular length were registered. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM® SPSS. The results showed statistically significant differences for the following parameters: coronoid process height, condyle height, the maximum length of the mandible, and the minimum width of the mandibular ramus. In the multivariate statistical analysis, it was possible to identify the coronoid process height as the best sex predictor accurately in 72.2% of cases. This allows for easier differentiation between female and male mandibles with an accuracy of 64.3% and 78.9%, respectively. It was possible to conclude that the coronoid process height is the most dimorphic parameter and the best sex predictor in the sample.
RESUMO
Aim: To determine the oral health behaviors, the prevalence of dental injuries, the level of information about first-aid procedures in the case of dental avulsion and the mouthguard awareness in a sample of Portuguese athletes. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional researchamong 1,048 athletes from the district of Viseu, Portugal. A self-administered questionnaire included demographic data and questions about: I) oral hygiene habits, II) occurrence of orofacial trauma, III) use of mouthguards and IV) athletes' knowledge regarding first-aid management in case of dental avulsion was given. The comparison between different variables was made by Chi-square test with level of significant set at p-value ≤0.05. Results: The mean age of the sample (76.24% male) was 18.14±8.17 years. Overall, the results demonstrated a low use of dental floss (25.48%) and a high number of athletes (21.94%) that had not visited a dentist in more than a year. The prevalence of dental trauma was 5.06% and the most common dental injuries experienced by athletes were crown fractures (60.38%). Nearly half of the participants (45.23%) reported not knowing how to act following a dental avulsion. The rate of mouthguard use was very low (9.73%). There was a significant relationship between the prevalence of dental injuries and the use of mouthguards (p=0.000; Cramér's V=0.145). Conclusion: The prevalence of dental trauma in our population was low. A low number of athletes use a mouthguard and there is a lack of knowledge concerning dental trauma issues. Prevention programs and promoting actions among this population are important and should be adopted.
Objetivo: Determinar los comportamientos de salud bucal, la prevalencia delesiones dentales, el nivel de información sobre los procedimientos de primeros auxilios en el caso de la avulsión dental y el conocimiento de los protectores bucales en una muestra de atletas portugueses. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal de 1048 atletas del distrito de Viseu, Portugal. Se utilizó un cuestionario auto administrado que incluyó datos demográficos y preguntas sobre: I) hábitos de higiene bucal, II) ocurrencia de traumatismos orofaciales, III) uso de protectores bucales y IV) conocimiento de los atletas sobre el manejo de primeros auxilios en caso de avulsión dental. La comparación entre diferentes variables se realizó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado con el nivel de significancia establecido en p≤0.05. Resultados: La edad promedia de la muestra (76,24% hombres) fue de 18,14±8,17 años. En general, los resultados demostraron un bajo uso de hilo dental (25,48%) y un alto número de atletas (21,94%) que no habían visitado un dentista en más de un año. La prevalencia de trauma dental fue de 5,06% y las lesiones dentales más comunes que experimentaron los atletas fueron las fracturas de corona (60,38%). Casi la mitad de los participantes (45,23%) informaron que no sabían cómo actuar después de una avulsión dental. La tasa de uso de protectores bucales fue muy baja (9,73%). Hubo una relación significativa entre la prevalencia de lesiones dentales y el uso de protectores bucales (p=0,000; V de Cramer=0,145). Conclusión: la prevalencia de trauma dental en nuestra población fue baja. Un número bajo de atletas usa un protector bucal y hay una falta de conocimiento sobre temas de trauma dental. Programas de prevención y acciones de promoción entre esta población son importantes y deben ser adoptados.