RESUMO
Protein supplementation may be an alternative to reduce the erosive potential of acidic drinks. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the erosive potential of an orange juice modified by dietary proteins. A commercially available orange juice was added 0.2 g/L casein, 2.0 g/L ovalbumin and their combination. The juice with no additives and a commercially available calcium-modified juice were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Human enamel and dentin specimens (n=11) were tested in an erosion-remineralization cycling model. Enamel was analyzed by surface microhardness and profilometry, whilst dentin by profilometry only. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Calcium-modified juice showed the lowest erosive potential for both analyses (p<0.05). For enamel, the protein-added groups did not differ from each other (p>0.05) and showed significantly lower enamel loss compared to negative control (p<0.05). Regarding surface microhardness, casein showed the highest values compared to negative control (p<0.05). For dentin, none of the protein-added groups showed lower values of surface loss compared to negative control (p>0.05). In conclusion, for enamel the protein-modified orange juices presented reduced erosion of enamel, with casein showing a trend for better protection. For dentin, no reduction in the erosive potential was observed for the tested protein-modified orange juices.
Assuntos
Bebidas , Citrus sinensis , Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Erosão Dentária/prevenção & controle , Dentina , Humanos , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
Protein supplementation may be an alternative to reduce the erosive potential of acidic drinks. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the erosive potential of an orange juice modified by dietary proteins. A commercially available orange juice was added 0.2 g/L casein, 2.0 g/L ovalbumin and their combination. The juice with no additives and a commercially available calcium-modified juice were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Human enamel and dentin specimens (n=11) were tested in an erosion-remineralization cycling model. Enamel was analyzed by surface microhardness and profilometry, whilst dentin by profilometry only. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Calcium-modified juice showed the lowest erosive potential for both analyses (p<0.05). For enamel, the protein-added groups did not differ from each other (p>0.05) and showed significantly lower enamel loss compared to negative control (p<0.05). Regarding surface microhardness, casein showed the highest values compared to negative control (p<0.05). For dentin, none of the protein-added groups showed lower values of surface loss compared to negative control (p>0.05). In conclusion, for enamel the protein-modified orange juices presented reduced erosion of enamel, with casein showing a trend for better protection. For dentin, no reduction in the erosive potential was observed for the tested protein-modified orange juices.
A suplementação de proteína pode ser uma alternativa na redução do potencial erosivo de bebidas ácidas. O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar o potencial erosivo do suco de laranja modificado por proteínas da dieta. A um suco de laranja disponível comercialmente foi adicionado 0,2 g/L de caseína, 2,0 g/L de ovalbumina e suas combinações. O suco sem aditivos, e um suco suplementado com cálcio foram utilizados como controles negativos e positivos, respectivamente. Espécimes de esmalte humano e de dentina radicular (n=11) foram testados em um modelo de ciclagem de erosão-remineralização. O esmalte foi analisado por microdureza de superfície e perfilometria, enquanto que a dentina, apenas por perfilometria. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando ANOVA um fator seguido pelo Teste de Tukey (p<0.05). O suco suplementado com cálcio mostrou o menor potencial erosivo para ambas as análises (p<0,05). Em relação ao esmalte, os grupos com adição de proteína não diferiram entre si (p>0,05) e mostraram significativamente uma menor perda de esmalte em relação ao grupo controle negativo (p<0,05). Para a microdureza, a caseína apresentou os maiores valores em relação ao controle negativo (p<0,05). Para a dentina, nenhum dos grupos com adição de proteína apresentou valores de perda de superfície menores quando comparados ao grupo controle negativo (p>0,05). Conclui-se que, para o esmalte os sucos de laranja modificados por proteínas apresentaram uma redução da erosão, com a caseína mostrando uma tendência para melhor proteção. Para a dentina, nenhuma redução da erosão foi observada para os sucos de laranja modificados por proteínas testados neste estudo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Bebidas , Citrus sinensis , Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Erosão Dentária/prevenção & controle , Dentina , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
The aim of this study was to create a synthetic juice (SJ) to be used as a surrogate for natural orange juices in erosion studies, verifying its erosive potential. The SJ was formulated based on the chemical composition of orange juices from different locations. Forty enamel and 40 root dentin specimens were randomly assigned into 4 experimental groups (n = 10): SJ; 1% Citric Acid (CA); Minute Maid Original® (MM) and Florida Natural Original® (FN). The specimens were immersed in their respective solutions for 5 min, 6x/day for 5 days, in an erosion-remineralization cycling model. Enamel specimens were analyzed by surface Knoop microhardness and optical profilometry and dentin specimens only by optical profilometry. Outcomes were analyzed statistically by ANOVA followed by Tukey's test considering a significance level of 5%. For enamel, the surface loss and microhardness changes found for MM and SJ groups were similar (p>0.05) and significantly lower (p<0.01) than those found in the CA group. For dentin, CA promoted significantly greater (p<0.01) surface loss compared with all the other groups. No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in dentin surface loss between MM and SJ. In conclusion, CA was the most erosive solution, and SJ had a similar erosive potential to that of MM natural orange juice.
Assuntos
Bebidas , Citrus sinensis , Frutas , Erosão Dentária/etiologia , Ácido Ascórbico/análise , Bebidas/análise , Cálcio/análise , Química Farmacêutica , Ácido Cítrico/análise , Ácido Cítrico/farmacologia , Citrus sinensis/química , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/patologia , Frutas/química , Glucose/análise , Dureza , Humanos , Magnésio/análise , Teste de Materiais , Fósforo/análise , Potássio/análise , Sacarose/análise , Fatores de Tempo , Remineralização DentáriaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the erosive potential of orange juice modified by food additives in enamel and dentine. METHODS: Calcium lactate pentahydrate (CLP), xanthan gum (XG), sodium linear polyphosphate (LPP), sodium pyrophosphate tetrabasic (PP), sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) and some of their combinations were added to an orange juice. Pure orange juice and a calcium-modified juice were used as negative (C-) and positive (C+) controls, respectively. In phase 1, 15 modified orange juices were tested for erosive potential using pH-stat analysis. In phase 2, the additives alone and the combination with good results in phase 1 and in previous studies (CLP+LPP) were tested in an erosion-remineralization cycling model. In phase 3, the erosion and remineralization episodes were studied independently. Enamel was analysed by surface microhardness (SMH) and profilometry, whilst dentine by profilometry. RESULTS: In phase 1, reduction of the erosive potential was observed for all additives and their combinations, except XG alone. In phase 2, no detectable enamel loss was observed when CLP, LPP and CLP+LPP were added to the juice. XG, STP and PP had enamel loss similar to C- (p>0.05). Amongst additives, the combination CLP+LPP showed the highest SMH values followed by CLP (p<0.05). All the other groups presented SMH values similar to C- (p>0.05). For dentine, only CLP+LPP lead to surface loss values lower than C- (p<0.05). In phase 3, CLP, LPP and CLP+LPP seemed to protect against erosion; whilst none of the tested compounds seemed to interfere with the remineralization process. CONCLUSIONS: CLP and LPP reduced erosion on enamel and this effect was enhanced by their combination. For dentine, only the combination CLP+LPP reduced erosion.
Assuntos
Bebidas/efeitos adversos , Citrus sinensis , Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Dentina/patologia , Aditivos Alimentares/farmacologia , Frutas , Erosão Dentária/etiologia , Animais , Cálcio/farmacologia , Compostos de Cálcio/farmacologia , Bovinos , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Difosfatos/farmacologia , Dureza , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Lactatos/farmacologia , Polifosfatos/farmacologia , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/farmacologia , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Saliva Artificial/química , Temperatura , Fatores de Tempo , Erosão Dentária/fisiopatologia , Remineralização Dentária/métodosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to create a synthetic juice (SJ) to be used as a surrogate for natural orange juices in erosion studies, verifying its erosive potential. The SJ was formulated based on the chemical composition of orange juices from different locations. Forty enamel and 40 root dentin specimens were randomly assigned into 4 experimental groups (n=10): SJ; 1% Citric Acid (CA); Minute Maid Original® (MM) and Florida Natural Original® (FN). The specimens were immersed in their respective solutions for 5 min, 6x/day for 5 days, in an erosion-remineralization cycling model. Enamel specimens were analyzed by surface Knoop microhardness and optical profilometry and dentin specimens only by optical profilometry. Outcomes were analyzed statistically by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test considering a significance level of 5%. For enamel, the surface loss and microhardness changes found for MM and SJ groups were similar (p>0.05) and significantly lower (p<0.01) than those found in the CA group. For dentin, CA promoted significantly greater (p<0.01) surface loss compared with all the other groups. No significant difference (p>0.05) was observed in dentin surface loss between MM and SJ. In conclusion, CA was the most erosive solution, and SJ had a similar erosive potential to that of MM natural orange juice.
O objetivo deste estudo foi criar um suco sintético (SJ) para ser usado como substituto do suco de laranja natural em estudos de erosão dental, verificando o seu potencial erosivo. O SJ foi formulado com base na composição química de sucos de laranja de diferentes locais. Quarenta espécimes de esmalte e 40 de dentina radicular foram aleatoriamente alocados em 4 grupos experimentais (n=10): SJ; 1% Citric acid (CA); Minute Maid Original® (MM) e Florida Natural Original® (FN). Os espécimes foram imersos nas suas respectivas soluções por 5 min, 6x/dia por 5 dias, em um modelo de ciclagem de erosão-remineralização. Os espécimes de esmalte foram analisados por microdureza de superfície Knoop e perfilometria ótica, enquanto que os espécimes de dentina foram analisados somente por perfilometria. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente com o teste de ANOVA, seguido pelo teste de Tukey, considerando um nível de significância de 5%. Para o esmalte, a perda superficial e as alterações de microdureza encontradas para os grupos MM e SJ foram similares (p>0,05) e significantemente menores (p<0,01) do que as encontradas para o grupo CA. Para dentina, CA promoveu significantemente (p<0,01) a maior perda de superfície quando comparada aos outros grupos. Não foram encontradas diferenças significantes (p>0,05) entre a perda de superfície de dentina dos grupos MM e SJ. Concluiu-se que CA foi a solução mais erosiva e SJ apresentou um potencial erosivo semelhante ao do suco de laranja natural MM.