RESUMO
Several studies have pointed to the potential benefits of riparian vegetation as buffer zones for agricultural and industrial pollutants harmful to aquatic ecosystems. However, other studies have called into question its use as an ecological filter, questioning the widths and conditions for which they are effective as a filter. In this work, we have investigated the buffering capacity of the riparian one to retain pesticides in the water-saturated zone, on 27 sites composed by riparian buffer zones with different vegetation structure (woody, shrubs, or grass vegetation) and width (12, 36, and 60 m). Five pesticides were analyzed. The effectiveness of the filtering was largely influenced by the width and vegetation type of the buffer zone. In general, decreasing pesticide removal followed in this order wood > shrubs > grass. The 60 m woody buffer zone was the most effective in the removal of all the pesticides. Only atrazine was detected in this case (0.3 µg L(-1)). Furthermore, a linear correlation (R (2) > 0.97) was observed in their removal for all compounds and buffer zones studied. Thus, preserving the woody vegetation in the riparian zone is important for watershed management and groundwater quality in the no-tillage system in temperate climate.
Assuntos
Agricultura/métodos , Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Praguicidas/análise , Poaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Poluição da Água/prevenção & controle , Atrazina/análise , Brasil , Ecossistema , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Rios/químicaRESUMO
The high incidence and low resolution of the pain after surgery are shown in international literature. During the five days after the cardiac and abdominal surgery, these patients were asked once a day about their pain. Nearly 50% of the patients answers showed pain complaints. At the cardiac patients 47% did not take treatment during the last four hours, although the medicine was prescribed by the doctor to be used in eventual necessity. Similar occurrences happened with abdominal patients where no medicine was given in 68.2% events of their pain complaints. So, we find that the under-identification and undertreatment of the pain are like the other studies.
Assuntos
Abdome/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos , Dor Pós-Operatória/epidemiologia , Adulto , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Brasil/epidemiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuidados Críticos/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Medição da Dor/estatística & dados numéricos , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Com o presente trabalho, tencionamos oferecer mais uma opcao tecnica para as amputacoes no retro-pe. O objetivo da tecnica que descrevemos e a preservacao da articulacao do tornozelo, atraves de uma osteotomia e artrodese entre o talus e o calcaneo, e a execucao de um coto eficiente, coberto com a pele da regiao plantar, oferecendo ao paciente uma marcha excelente sem a necessidade de protese ou sapato especial