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Resumen La nutrición enteral por yeyunostomía es una prác tica frecuente en cualquier servicio de cirugía general, esta conlleva bajo riesgo de complicaciones y morbi mortalidad. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con antecedente inmediato de gastrectomía subtotal que inició nutrición por yeyunostomía y complicó con ne crosis intestinal por isquemia no oclusiva en el corto lapso. La finalidad de este trabajo es informar sobre esta complicación, su fisiopatología y factores de riesgo para tenerla en cuenta y poder tomar precozmente una conducta terapéutica adecuada.
Abstract Enteral nutrition through jejunostomy is a common practice in any general surgery service; it carries a low risk of complications and morbidity and mortality. We present the case of a patient with an immediate history of subtotal gastrectomy that began nutrition through jejunostomy and complicated with intestinal necrosis due to non-occlusive ischemia in the short period. The purpose of this work is to report on this complication, its pathophysiology and risk factors to take it into account and be able to take appropriate therapeutic action early.
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Enteral nutrition through jejunostomy is a common practice in any general surgery service; it carries a low risk of complications and morbidity and mortality. We present the case of a patient with an immediate history of subtotal gastrectomy that began nutrition through jejunostomy and complicated with intestinal necrosis due to non-occlusive ischemia in the short period. The purpose of this work is to report on this complication, its pathophysiology and risk factors to take it into account and be able to take appropriate therapeutic action early.
La nutrición enteral por yeyunostomía es una práctica frecuente en cualquier servicio de cirugía general, esta conlleva bajo riesgo de complicaciones y morbimortalidad. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con antecedente inmediato de gastrectomía subtotal que inició nutrición por yeyunostomía y complicó con necrosis intestinal por isquemia no oclusiva en el corto lapso. La finalidad de este trabajo es informar sobre esta complicación, su fisiopatología y factores de riesgo para tenerla en cuenta y poder tomar precozmente una conducta terapéutica adecuada.
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Nutrição Enteral , Perfuração Intestinal , Jejunostomia , Necrose , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nutrição Enteral/efeitos adversos , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Perfuração Intestinal/etiologia , Perfuração Intestinal/cirurgia , Jejunostomia/efeitos adversos , Necrose/etiologiaRESUMO
This study unveils a novel role of bare graphite as a catalyst in glycerol electrooxidation and hydrogen evolution reactions, challenging the prevailing notion that current collectors employed in electrolyzers are inert. Half-cell experiments elucidate the feasibility of glycerol oxidation and hydrogen production on bulk graphite electrodes at potentials exceeding 1.7 V. The investigation of varying glycerol concentrations (0.05 to 1.5 mol L-1) highlights a concentration-dependent competition between glycerol electrooxidation and oxygen evolution reactions. Employing an H-type glycerol electrolyzer, polarization curves reveal significant activation polarization attributed to the low electroactivity of the anode. Glycerol electrolysis at different concentrations yields diverse product mixtures, including formate, glycolate, glycerate, and lactate at the anode, with concurrent hydrogen generation at the cathode. The anolyte composition changes with glycerol concentration, resulting in less-oxidized compounds at higher concentrations and more oxidized compounds at lower concentrations. The cell voltage also influences the product formation selectivity, with an increased voltage favoring more oxidized compounds. The glycerol concentration also affects hydrogen production, with lower concentrations yielding higher hydrogen amounts, peaking at 3.5 V for 0.05 mol L-1. This model quantitatively illustrates graphite's contribution to current and product generation in glycerol electrolyzers, emphasizing the significance of background current and products originating from current collectors if in contact with the reactants. These results have an impact on the efficiency of the electrolyzer and raise questions regarding possible extra non-noble "nonparticipating" current collectors that could affect overall performance. This research expands our understanding of electrocatalysis on graphite surfaces with potential applications in optimizing electrolyzer configurations for enhanced efficiency and product selectivity.
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The global coconut water market is projected to grow in the upcoming years, attributed to its numerous health benefits. However, due to its susceptibility to microbial contamination and the limitations of non-thermal decontamination methods, thermal treatments remain the primary approach to ensure the shelf-life stability and the microbiological safety of the product. In this study, the thermal inactivation of Listeria innocua, a Listeria monocytogenes surrogate, was evaluated in coconut water and in tryptone soy broth (TSB) under both isothermal (50-60 °C) and dynamic conditions (from 30 to 60 °C, with temperature increases of 0.5, 1 and 5 °C/min). Mathematical models were used to analyse the inactivation data. The Geeraerd model effectively described the thermal inactivation of L. innocua in both TSB and coconut water under isothermal conditions, with close agreement between experimental data and model fits. Parameter estimates and analysis revealed that acidified TSB is a suitable surrogate medium for studying the thermal inactivation of L. innocua in coconut water, despite minor differences observed in the shoulder length of inactivation curves, likely attributed to the media composition. The models fitted to the data obtained at isothermal conditions fail to predict L. innocua responses under dynamic conditions. This is attributed to the stress acclimation phenomenon that takes place under dynamic conditions, where bacterial cells adapt to initial sub-lethal treatment stages, leading to increased thermal resistance. Fitting the Bigelow model directly to dynamic data with fixed z-values reveals a three-fold increase in D-values with lower heating rates, supporting the role of stress acclimation. The findings of this study aid in designing pasteurization treatments targeting L. innocua in coconut water and enable the establishment of safe, mild heat treatments for refrigerated, high-quality coconut water.
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Real (electro)catalysts are often heterogeneous, and their activity and selectivity depend on the properties of specific active sites. Therefore, unveiling the so-called structure-activity relationship is essential for a rational search for better materials and, consequently, for the development of the field of (electro-)catalysis. Thus, spatially resolved techniques are powerful tools as they allow us to characterize and/or measure the activity and selectivity of different regions of heterogeneous catalysts. To take full advantage of that, we have developed spectroelectrochemical cells to perform spatially resolved analysis using X-ray nanoprobe synchrotron beamlines and conventional pieces of equipment. Here, we describe the techniques available at the Carnaúba beamline at the Sirius-LNLS storage ring, and then we show how our cells enable obtaining X-ray (XRF, XRD, XAS, etc.) and vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR and Raman) contrast images. Through some proof-of-concept experiments, we demonstrate how using a multi-technique approach could render a complete and detailed analysis of an (electro)catalyst overall performance.
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Autoimmune pancreatitis is a characteristic manifestation of the spectrum of the disease related to IgG4, a rare autoimmune disorder that presents clinically with obstructive jaundice due to the infiltration of plasma cells and fibrosis in the pancreas. There may be other symptoms in case of involvement of other organs, and in very rare cases there is hematological involvement. We present the case of an adult man with signs of cholestasis secondary to type I autoimmune pancreatitis, with involvement of other organs and associated with thrombocytopenia that improved with systemic corticosteroid-based immunosuppressive treatment, after which the patient showed favorable clinical and analytical evolution over time.
La pancreatitis autoimmune es una manifestación característica del espectro de la enfermedad relacionada con IgG4, trastorno raro de tipo autoinmune que se presenta clínicamente con ictericia obstructiva debido a la infiltración de células plasmáticas y fibrosis en el páncreas; puede presentarse con otra sintomatología en caso de afectación de otros órganos y en muy raras ocasiones hay compromiso hematológico. Se presenta el caso de un hombre adulto con signos de colestasis secundaria a una pancreatitis autoinmune tipo i, con compromiso de otros órganos y asociada con trombocitopenia que mejoró con el tratamiento inmunosupresor a base de corticoide sistémico, luego del cual se observó una evolución favorable en cuanto a la clínica y analítica en el transcurso del tiempo.
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Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Sanguíneas e Linfáticas , Doenças do Sistema Imunitário , Pancreatopatias , Doenças Autoimunes , Trombocitopenia , Transtornos Plaquetários , Doenças do Sistema Digestório , Doença Relacionada a Imunoglobulina G4 , Pancreatite Autoimune , Doenças HematológicasRESUMO
The aim of this research was to analyse the variability of parasite assemblages on a small spatial scale, by examining carnivore coprolites from the archaeological site Campo Moncada 2 (CM2), Piedra Parada area, Chubut province, Argentina, and comparing the results with those previously obtained from the archaeological site Campo Cerda 1 (CCe1), located in the same area. Six carnivore coprolites from CM2 were analysed: 4 obtained in sub-level 2a and 2 obtained in sub-level 2a/b. Two radiocarbon dates associated with the coprolites placed the samples chronologically between 780 ± 80 and 860 ± 80 years before present. The rehydrated sediments were sieved and then allowed to sediment spontaneously. The sediment was used for parasitological examination under light microscopy. Conservative estimation of total parasite richness resulted in 21 parasitic taxa. The taxa with the highest fecal prevalence (>50%) corresponded to parasites prevalent in modern carnivores (Alaria sp., Toxocara cf. canis, Toxascaris sp., Eucoleus cf. aerophila, Trichuris sp. and Ancylostomatidae gen. sp.). Assuming that the fox coprolites are contemporaneous, the total fecal parasite richness estimated for CM2 and previously for CCe1 was similar. The high total parasite richness found suggests a network of hostparasite relationships that could include regional hunter-gatherers. The results obtained in carnivore coprolites allow us to infer a very diverse biological community in Piedra Parada area, so the regional caves and rockshelters could have a proportional epidemiological importance as parasite exchange nodes.
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Carnívoros , Parasitos , Piedra , Animais , Paleopatologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Fósseis , Fezes/parasitologiaRESUMO
The combination of energy and chemical conversion can be achieved by designing glycerol fuel cells. However, the anode must promote the reaction at onset potentials low enough to allow a spontaneous reaction, when coupled to the cathodic reaction, and must be selective. Here, we build a three-dimensional (3D)-printed glycerol microfluidic fuel cell that produces power concomitantly to glycolate and formate at zero bias. The balance between energy and the two carbonyl compounds is tuned by decorating the Pt/C/CP anode in situ (before feeding the cell reactants) or in operando (while feeding the cell with reactants) with Bi. The Bi-modified anodes improve glycerol conversion and output power while decreasing the formation of the carbonyl compounds. The in operando method builds dendrites of rodlike Bi oxides that are inactive for the anodic reaction and cover active sites. The in situ strategy promotes homogeneous Bi decoration, decreasing activation losses, increasing the open-circuit voltage to 1.0 V, and augmenting maximum power density 6.5 times and the glycerol conversion to 72% at 25 °C while producing 0.2 mmoL L-1 of glycolate and formate (each) at 100 µL min-1. Such a performance is attributed to the low CO poisoning of the anode, which leads the glycerol electrooxidation toward a more complete reaction, harvesting more electrons at the device. Printing the microfluidic fuel cell takes 23 min and costs â¼US$1.85 and can be used for other coupled reactions since the methods of modification presented here are applied to any existing and assembled systems.
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The objective of this study was to develop a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) model to evaluate potential risk mitigation strategies to reduce the probability of acquiring hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) associated with beef consumption in Argentina. Five scenarios were simulated to evaluate the effect of interventions on the probability of acquiring HUS from Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC)-contaminated ground beef and commercial hamburger consumption. These control strategies were chosen based on previous results of the sensitivity analysis of a baseline QMRA model. The application of improvement actions in abattoirs not applying Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) for STEC would result 7.6 times lower in the probability that consumers acquired HUS from ground beef consumption, while the implementation of improvements in butcher shops would lead to a smaller reduction. In abattoirs applying HACCP for STEC, the risk of acquiring HUS from commercial hamburger consumption was significantly reduced. Treatment with 2% lactic acid, hot water and irradiation reduced 4.5, 3.5 and 93.1 times the risk of HUS, respectively. The most efficient interventions, in terms of case reduction, being those that are applied in the initial stages of the meat chain.
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Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica , Escherichia coli Shiga Toxigênica , Animais , Bovinos , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/complicações , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/prevenção & controle , Ácido Láctico , Probabilidade , ÁguaRESUMO
We present the case of a patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) secondary to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm and a refractory shock with high doses of vasopressors without a proven source of infection. This patient received therapy with high-volume hemofiltration plus adsorption, resolving the hemodynamic deterioration and with good neurological evolution. Our clinical case proposes that extracorporeal therapies may have a feasibility role in the management of complications of SAH.
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Hemofiltração , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/terapia , Hemofiltração/instrumentação , Humanos , Interleucina-6/sangue , Aneurisma Intracraniano/sangue , Aneurisma Intracraniano/complicações , Aneurisma Intracraniano/terapia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/sangue , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/complicaçõesRESUMO
Introduction: COVID-19 morbimortality is mainly associated with development of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which has been related to an augmented immune response of the host with elevated circulating cytokines. Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, single arm (compared with a historical control), add-on, experimental phase 2 study, ruxolitinib 5 mg BID was added to standard of care in COVID-19 patients. Main objective was to determine efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib in patients with COVID-19-related SARS. Results: Even though we could not show a significant reduction of COVID-19 pneumonia patients requiring intensive care unit admission and mechanical ventilation (primary endpoint), a trend to a lower mortality rate in critical ill patients receiving ruxolitinib was reported. Administered ruxolitinib dose had to be increased according to protocol in 32% of patients, without additional toxicity. Conclusion: Side effects profile was manageable, and no direct organ injury was caused by the study drug. Ruxolitinib had a fast anti-inflammatory effect, and one-third of patients felt well immediately after starting treatment.
Introducción: La morbimortalidad por COVID-19 se asocia principalmente con el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS), relacionado con una respuesta inmunitaria aumentada del huésped con aumento de los niveles circulantes de citoquinas. Métodos: En este estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico, de un solo brazo (en comparación con un control histórico), en fase 2, se agregó ruxolitinib 5 mg dos veces al día al estándar de tratamiento en pacientes con COVID-19. El objetivo principal fue determinar la eficacia y seguridad de ruxolitinib en pacientes con SARS relacionado con COVID-19. Resultados: aunque no fue posible demostrar una reducción significativa de la proporción de pacientes con neumonía por COVID-19 que requerían ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos y ventilación mecánica (criterio de valoración principal), se observó una tendencia a una menor tasa de mortalidad en los pacientes críticos que recibieron ruxolitinib. La dosis de ruxolitinib administrada tuvo que aumentarse de acuerdo con el protocolo en el 32% de los pacientes, sin toxicidad adicional. Conclusión: El perfil de efectos secundarios fue manejable y el fármaco en estudio no causó lesiones orgánicas directas. El ruxolitinib tuvo un efecto antiinflamatorio rápido y un tercio de los pacientes manifestó bienestar inmediatamente después de comenzar el tratamiento.
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Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , Pirazóis/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Nitrilas , Estudos Prospectivos , PirimidinasRESUMO
RESUMEN Antecedentes: El drenaje percutáneo es una alternativa a la cirugía en el manejo de los abscesos pélvi cos. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la seguridad y la eficacia del enfoque transglúteo. Material y métodos: Los drenajes fueron realizados por 3 cirujanos, bajo guía tomográfica. Se utilizó la técnica de Seldinger, con anestesia local; se utilizaron catéteres de 8 y 10 Fr. El drenaje fue exitoso si la colección desapareció y no había recurrido. Resultados: El promedio de edad de los pacientes fue de 49,2 años. El germen más común fue Esche richia coli. En la mitad de los casos, la causa fue posoperatoria. La duración media del drenaje fue de 9,2 días. El drenaje tuvo éxito en todos los casos, sin complicaciones mayores. Conclusión: El drenaje transglúteo guiado por tomografía computarizada (TC) es seguro y bien tolera do para el tratamiento de abscesos pélvicos profundos.
ABSTRACT Background: Percutaneous drainage is an alternative to surgery in the management of pelvic abscesses. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the transgluteal approach. Material and methods: Transgluteal percutaneous drainages were performed by 3 surgeons using computed tomography guidance. The Seldinger technique was used with 8 Fr and 10 Fr catheters under local anesthesia. Drainage was considered successful if the abscess regressed and did not recur. Results: Mean age was 49.2 years. Escherichia coli was the most common microorganism identified. In 50% of the cases, the abscesses occurred postoperatively. Mean duration of drainage was 9.2 days. Drainage was successful in all the cases and there were no major complications. Conclusion: Transgluteal computed tomography-guided approach is safe and well-tolerated for the treatment of deep pelvic abscesses.
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El pie bot es la deformidad congénita más frecuente de las extremidades inferiores del ser humano, afectando a 1 de cada 1000 recién nacidos vivos. Consiste en la presencia de cuatro deformidades estructurales en el pie y el tobillo: cavo del medio pie, aducto del antepié, varo del retropié y pie en equino.Su registro en la humanidad data del siglo XII A.C. en momias del antiguo Egipto.La fisiopatología de esta deformidad aún no está aclarada. El diagnóstico puede ser prenatal mediante visualización ecográfica, pero la forma más común de diagnóstico es postnatal. La evaluación de estos pacientes se basa en la exploración clínica. Entre las clasificaciones más utilizadas se encuentran: Diméglio, que enfatiza lo reductible ante maniobras manuales de la deformidad; Pirani, que evalúa la gravedad inicial y el progreso del tratamiento; y Ponseti International Association (PIA), que clasifica según etiología.Durante el siglo pasado se describieron numerosos procedimientos quirúrgicos, muchos de los cuales fueron quedando en desuso ante sus resultados insatisfactorios, pies rígidos y dolorosos, con función limitada. Actualmente el método Ponseti es el Gold estándar para su tratamiento, consistiendo en una manipulación y enyesado seriado buscando la corrección sistemática del pie, basado en los fundamentos de la cinemática y la fisiopatología de la deformidad.
Clubfoot is the most frequent congenital deformity of the lower extremities of humans, affecting 1 out of 1000 live newborns. It consists of the presence of four structural deformities in the foot and ankle: midfoot cavus, forefoot adductus, hindfoot varus, and equinus foot.Its records in humanity date from the 12th century B.C., in ancient Egyptian mummies.The pathophysiology of this deformity is still unclear. Prenatal diagnosis by ultrasound imaging is feasible, but most common diagnosis is postnatal. The evaluation of these patients is based on clinical examination. Among the most used classifications are: Diméglio, which emphasizes the reductibility with manual maneuvers; Pirani, who assesses initial severity and progress of treatment; and Ponseti International Association (PIA), which classifies according to etiology.During the last century, numerous surgical procedures were described, many of which were disused due to their unsatisfactory results, stiffness and painful feet, with limited functionality. Currently the Ponseti method is the gold standard for its treatment. It consists of serial manipulation and casting, looking for a systematic correction of the deformity, based on the fundamentals of kinematics and pathophysiology of the deformity.
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Humanos , Pé Torto Equinovaro/diagnóstico , Pé Torto Equinovaro/terapia , Pé Torto Equinovaro/classificação , Pé Torto Equinovaro/etiologia , Pé Torto Equinovaro/patologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Immune responses at the boundary between the host and the world beyond are complex and mucosal tissue homeostasis relies on them. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a syndrome suffered by children with hypertrophied tonsils. We have previously demonstrated that these tonsils present a defective regulatory B cell (Breg) compartment. Here, we extend those findings by uncovering the crucial role of resident pro-inflammatory B and T cells in sustaining tonsillar hypertrophy and hyperplasia by producing TNFα and IL17, respectively, in ex vivo cultures. Additionally, we detected prominent levels of expression of CD1d by tonsillar stratified as well as reticular epithelium, which have not previously been reported. Furthermore, we evidenced the hypertrophy of germinal centers (GC) and the general hyperplasia of B lymphocytes within the tissue and the lumen of the crypts. Of note, such B cells resulted mainly (IgG/IgM)+ cells, with some IgA+ cells located marginally in the follicles. Finally, by combining bacterial culture from the tonsillar core and subsequent identification of the respective isolates, we determined the most prevalent species within the cohort of OSA patients. Although the isolated species are considered normal oropharyngeal commensals in children, we confirmed their capacity to breach the epithelial barrier. Our work sheds light on the pathological mechanism underlying OSA, highlighting the relevance taken by the host immune system when defining infection versus colonization, and opening alternatives of treatment.
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Bactérias/imunologia , Infecções Bacterianas/imunologia , Mucosa Bucal/imunologia , Mucosa Bucal/microbiologia , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/complicações , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/imunologia , Tonsilite/complicações , Tonsilite/imunologia , Adolescente , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Células Cultivadas , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Doença Crônica , Estudos de Coortes , Citocinas/metabolismo , Feminino , Centro Germinativo/imunologia , Humanos , Hipertrofia/imunologia , Hipertrofia/metabolismo , Inflamação/imunologia , Inflamação/metabolismo , Masculino , Tonsila Palatina/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Tonsilectomia , Tonsilite/microbiologia , Tonsilite/cirurgiaRESUMO
Electrocatalysis is at the heart of a broad range of physicochemical applications that play an important role in the present and future of a sustainable economy. Among the myriad of different electrocatalysts used in this field, nanomaterials are of ubiquitous importance. An increased surface area/volume ratio compared to bulk makes nanoscale catalysts the preferred choice to perform electrocatalytic reactions. Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) was introduced in 2006 and since has been applied to obtain 3D images of crystalline nanomaterials. BCDI provides information about the displacement field, which is directly related to strain. Lattice strain in the catalysts impacts their electronic configuration and, consequently, their binding energy with reaction intermediates. Even though there have been significant improvements since its birth, the fact that the experiments can only be performed at synchrotron facilities and its relatively low resolution to date (â¼10 nm spatial resolution) have prevented the popularization of this technique. Herein, we will briefly describe the fundamentals of the technique, including the electrocatalysis relevant information that we can extract from it. Subsequently, we review some of the computational experiments that complement the BCDI data for enhanced information extraction and improved understanding of the underlying nanoscale electrocatalytic processes. We next highlight success stories of BCDI applied to different electrochemical systems and in heterogeneous catalysis to show how the technique can contribute to future studies in electrocatalysis. Finally, we outline current challenges in spatiotemporal resolution limits of BCDI and provide our perspectives on recent developments in synchrotron facilities as well as the role of machine learning and artificial intelligence in addressing them.
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PROBLEM: Analyze the effect of paternal immunotherapy treatment (PIT) in primary and secondary unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and unexplained infertility (UI). METHODS OF STUDY: A retrospective study analyzed a two-year follow-up between the generation of MLR-Bfs after PIT treatment (or controls first consultation) and a live birth. Recruited patients included primary URSA with two or more miscarriages at <12 weeks gestation, secondary URSA with previous live birth before two or more miscarriages, and UI with inability to conceive after 2 years of regular unprotected intercourse or in vitro fertilizations (IVF). PIT treated were compared with untreated controls. RESULTS: Primary URSA: live birth was 241/416 (58%) versus 64/282 (23%) controls (p < .0001). Up to age 35, success was 158/217 (73%) and 37/144 (26%) controls (p < .0001). With 3 or more previous URSA, success was 90/135 (67%) versus 17/79 (22%) controls (p < .0001). Between ages 36 and 40, success was 69/147(47%) versus 22/98 (22%) controls (p < .0003), with 3 or more previous URSA live birth was 45/95 (47%) versus 6/46 (13%) controls (p < .0001). In UI, live birth was 99/298 (33%) versus 54/263 (21%) in controls (p < .0009) that increased under age 35 to 53/116 (46%) in treated versus 26/101 (26%) controls (p < .0056). In PIT treated, IVF success required a median of 1 (1.37 ± 0.67) versus a median of 3 IVF procedures (2.75 ± 0.84) in controls. CONCLUSION: PIT is a successful treatment for primary and secondary URSA, and UI. PIT reduced the number of IVF required for achieving pregnancy.
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Aborto Habitual , Antígenos de Neoplasias/sangue , Imunoterapia , Infertilidade Feminina , Nascido Vivo , Transfusão de Linfócitos , Aborto Habitual/sangue , Aborto Habitual/terapia , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Infertilidade Feminina/sangue , Infertilidade Feminina/terapia , Teste de Cultura Mista de Linfócitos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Calafate (Berberis microphylla G. Forst) is a wild bush plant widely distributed in the south of Argentina and Chile. Their blue colored fruits present particular flavor and health benefits attributed to high polyphenol contents biosynthesized by the plant under stress. Studies about correlation of abiotic conditions with anthocyanin profiles and physicochemical features of calafate beneath wild origin environment are not described yet. Hence, this research aimed to evaluate the physicochemical changes, antioxidant activity and anthocyanin content of calafate fruit in relationship to UV solar radiation (W.m-2) and air temperature (°C) environment condition during three consecutive years (2017, 2018, 2019). Variations in fruit anthocyanins were determined by comparison between high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD-ESI)/MSn and CIEL*a*b* colors parameters. Correlations were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). Radiation was negatively correlated with fruit size and weight. Physicochemical aspects such as pH, soluble solids, color, total anthocyanins, flavanols and other phenolic compounds were positively correlated with temperature changes. The quantities of monomeric anthocyanins were dependent on both low temperature and global radiation (reaching 20.01 mg g-1 FW in calafate fruit). These results constitute a valuable resource to understand the structural and physiological plasticity of calafate in facing climate changes for future domestication research as well as for agri-food industrial application.
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We developed a quantitative microbiological risk assessment (QMRA) of haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) associated with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC)-contaminated beef (intact beef cuts, ground beef and commercial hamburgers) in children under 15 years of age from Argentina. The QMRA was used to characterize STEC prevalence and concentration levels in each product through the Argentinean beef supply chain, including cattle primary production, cattle transport, processing and storage in the abattoir, retail and home preparation, and consumption. Median HUS probability from beef cut, ground beef and commercial hamburger consumption was <10-15, 5.4x10-8 and 3.5x10-8, respectively. The expected average annual number of HUS cases was 0, 28 and 4, respectively. Risk of infection and HUS probability were sensitive to the type of abattoir, the application or not of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) for STEC (HACCP-STEC), stx prevalence in carcasses and trimmings, storage conditions from the abattoir to retailers and home, the joint consumption of salads and beef products, and cooking preference. The QMRA results showed that the probability of HUS was higher if beef cuts (1.7x) and ground beef (1.2x) were from carcasses provided by abattoirs not applying HACCP-STEC. Thus, the use of a single sanitary standard that included the application of HACCP-STEC in all Argentinean abattoirs would greatly reduce HUS incidence. The average number of annual HUS cases estimated by the QMRA (n = 32) would explain about 10.0% of cases in children under 15 years per year in Argentina. Since other routes of contamination can be involved, including those not related to food, further research on the beef production chain, other food chains, person-to-person transmission and outbreak studies should be conducted to reduce the impact of HUS on the child population of Argentina.
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Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica/microbiologia , Carne Vermelha/microbiologia , Adulto , Animais , Argentina , Bovinos , Criança , Dieta , Escherichia coli/fisiologia , Feminino , Contaminação de Alimentos , Armazenamento de Alimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether adalimumab administration before mechanical ventilation reduces ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). METHODS: Eighteen rats randomized into 3 groups underwent mechanical ventilation for 3 hours with a fraction of inspired oxygen = 0.40% including a low tidal volume group (n = 6), where tidal volume = 8mL/kg and positive end-expiratory pressure = 5cmH2O; a high tidal volume group (n = 6), where tidal volume = 35mL/kg and positive end-expiratory pressure = 0; and a pretreated + high tidal volume group (n = 6) where adalimumab (100ug/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 24 hours before mechanical ventilation + tidal volume = 35mL/kg and positive end-expiratory pressure = 0. ANOVA was used to compare histological damage (ATS 2010 Lung Injury Scoring System), pulmonary edema, lung compliance, arterial partial pressure of oxygen, and mean arterial pressure among the groups. RESULTS: After 3 hours of ventilation, the mean histological lung injury score was higher in the high tidal volume group than in the low tidal volume group (0.030 versus 0.0051, respectively, p = 0.003). The high tidal volume group showed diminished lung compliance at 3 hours (p = 0.04) and hypoxemia (p = 0,018 versus control). Pretreated HVt group had an improved histological score, mainly due to a significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Histological examination after 3 hours of injurious ventilation revealed ventilator-induced lung injury in the absence of measurable changes in lung mechanics or oxygenation; administering adalimumab before mechanical ventilation reduced lung edema and histological damage.
Assuntos
Adalimumab/uso terapêutico , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Lesão Pulmonar Induzida por Ventilação Mecânica/prevenção & controle , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Antecedentes: la colecistitis enfisematosa (CE) es una forma de presentación infrecuente de la colecistitis aguda. Material y métodos: presentecedentes patológicos, mientras que los otros eran diabéticos. A todos se les realizó tomografía computarizada (TC). Dos pacientes fueron sometidos a colecistectomía videolaparoscópica (CL) con buena evolución, mientras que en un caso se realizó colecistostomía percutánea (CP). Discusión: la CE se refiere a la presencia de gas en la luz o en la pared de la vesícula biliar. La tasa de morbilidad es del 50%. Los pacientes suelen padecer diabetes, pero puede presentarse en pacientes más jóvenes sin factores de riesgo. La TC es el método de elección para el diagnóstico. El tratamiento definitivo es la CL, aunque la CP es otra opción válida. Conclusión: la CL se considera un enfoque eficaz y seguro para el tratamiento de la CE.
Background: Emphysematous cholecystitis (EC) is a rare presentation of acute cholecystitis. Material and methods: We report three cases of EC in two men and one woman between 55 and 79 years. One of the patients was otherwise healthy while the other two were diabetics. A computed tomography (CT) scan was performed in all the cases. Two patients underwent video-assisted laparoscopic cholecystectomy with favorable outcome and one patient underwent percutaneous cholecystostomy. Discussion: Emphysematous cholecystitis is characterized by the presence of gas in the gallbladder lumen or wall. Mortality rate is 50%. Most patients are diabetics, but EC may present in younger patients without risk factors. Computed tomography scan is the method of choice for the diagnosis. Cholecystectomy is indicated as definite treatment, but percutaneous cholecystostomy may be a valid option. Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and antibiotics are effective and safe to treat.