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BACKGROUND: At lower concentrations copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) are trace metals essential for some bacterial enzymes. At higher concentrations they might alter and inhibit microbial functioning in a bioreactor treating wastewater. We investigated the effect of incremental concentrations of Cu, Zn and Ni on the bacterial community structure and their metabolic functions by shotgun metagenomics. Metal concentrations reported in previous studies to inhibit bacterial metabolism were investigated. RESULTS: At 31.5 µM Cu, 112.4 µM Ni and 122.3 µM Zn, the most abundant bacteria were Achromobacter and Agrobacterium. When the metal concentration increased 2 or fivefold their abundance decreased and members of Delftia, Stenotrophomonas and Sphingomonas dominated. Although the heterotrophic metabolic functions based on the gene profile was not affected when the metal concentration increased, changes in the sulfur biogeochemical cycle were detected. Despite the large variations in the bacterial community structure when concentrations of Cu, Zn and Ni increased in the bioreactor, functional changes in carbon metabolism were small. CONCLUSIONS: Community richness and diversity replacement indexes decreased significantly with increased metal concentration. Delftia antagonized Pseudomonas and members of Xanthomonadaceae. The relative abundance of most bacterial genes remained unchanged despite a five-fold increase in the metal concentration, but that of some EPS genes required for exopolysaccharide synthesis, and those related to the reduction of nitrite to nitrous oxide decreased which may alter the bioreactor functioning.

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Mexico is home to 14 species of lagomorphs, 6 of which are endemic. Studies on diseases affecting native lagomorphs are scarce, and in most cases, the impact on their populations remains largely unknown. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), especially the RHDV2 variant, causes a serious and extremely contagious disease, resulting in high mortality rates and major declines in wild lagomorph populations. The objectives of this study were to identify disease hotspots and critical biodiversity regions in Mexico through the combined use of disease information and lagomorph distribution maps and to determine the areas of greatest concern. In total, 19 states of Mexico recorded RHDV2 from April 2020 to August 2021, and 12 of them reported the wild species Sylvilagus audubonii, Lepus californicus, and unidentified Leporidae species. The distribution of RHDV2 in Mexico can be closely predicted from climatic variables. RHDV2 hotspots are located in the central-southern area of the Mexican Highlands and the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, where the virus affects multiple species. This knowledge is essential for proposing specific actions to manage and preserve lagomorph populations at risk and address these issues as soon as possible.

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The molecular explanation about why some pancreatic cancer (PaCa) patients die early and others die later is poorly understood. This study aimed to discover potential novel markers and drug targets that could be useful to stratify and extend expected survival in prospective early-death patients. We deployed a deep learning algorithm and analyzed the gene copy number, gene expression, and protein expression data of death versus alive PaCa patients from the GDC cohort. The genes with higher relative amplification (copy number >4 times in the dead compared with the alive group) were EWSR1, FLT3, GPC3, HIF1A, HLF, and MEN1. The most highly up-regulated genes (>8.5-fold change) in the death group were RPL30, RPL37, RPS28P7, RPS11, Metazoa_SRP, CAPNS1, FN1, H3-3B, LCN2, and OAZ1. None of their corresponding proteins were up or down-regulated in the death group. The mRNA of the RPS28P7 pseudogene could act as ceRNA sponging the miRNA that was originally directed to the parental gene RPS28. We propose RPS28P7 mRNA as the most druggable target that can be modulated with small molecules or the RNA technology approach. These markers could be added as criteria to patient stratification in future PaCa drug trials, but further validation in the target populations is encouraged.

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Burnout syndrome is characterized by exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced effectiveness. Workers with high burnout scores who continue their professional activities are identified as experiencing non-clinical burnout (NCB), which includes early stages where burnout symptoms (BNS) are present but not yet severe enough to necessitate work leave. This study aimed to investigate the impact of BNS on attention performance among healthcare workers (HCWs) at a COVID-19 reference hospital during the pandemic. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was applied to assess the three burnout dimensions. The Continuous Visual Attention Test (CVAT) evaluated four different attention subdomains. Participants were divided into two groups based on their scores on the MBI: controls and NCB. Thirteen controls were matched with 13 NCB subjects based on age, sex, and HCW category. This sample (n = 26, 65% male) consisted of 11 physicians and 15 nursing professionals with a mean age of 35.3 years (standard deviation = 5.47). NCB subjects had higher impulsivity than controls. There were not any significant group differences in the other attention subdomains. We found significant correlations between impulsivity and all burnout dimensions: higher absolute scores in BNS are associated with higher impulsivity. We concluded that NCB leads to executive attention deficits.

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Introducción: se reporta un caso clínico de pielonefritis enfisematosa (PE) en el riñón derecho de una niña de 4 años de edad, con litiasis en pelvis renal de 2.9 cm. Existen pocos casos publicados de PE, la mayoría de ellos en adultos con diabetes mellitus. Discusión: los hallazgos de una hidronefrosis en el ultrasonido renal y una masa dolorosa en el flanco derecho la cual crepitaba a la palpación, hizo sospechar de esta rara enfermedad. La paciente fue sometida a nefroureterectomía derecha de urgencia luego de estabilizar su estado clínico general, el curso clínico posquirúrgico fue satisfactorio.

Introduction: we report a clinical case of right kidney emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) in a 4-year-old girl with a 2.9 cm renal pelvic calculus. Few cases of EPN have been published, most of them occurring in adults with diabetes mellitus. Discussion: the presence of hydronephrosis detected by a renal ultrasound and a painful crepitant mass in the right flank upon palpation, arose suspicion of this rare disease. The patient underwent an emergency right nephroureterectomy following stabilization of her clinical status. The postoperative course was satisfactory

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Sargassum spp. flood the Caribbean coastline, causing damage to the local economy and environment. Anaerobic digestion (AD) has been proposed as an attractive option for turning macroalgae into valuable resources. Sargassum spp. has a complex composition that affects the microbial composition involved in AD which generates a low methane yield. This study aimed to improve the methane yield of pelagic Sargassum, using different energy-saving pretreatments and identifying the microbial community associated with methane production. We applied different energy-saving pretreatments to algal biomass and assessed the methane yield using a biomethane potential (BMP) test. The microbial communities involved in the AD of the best- and worst-performing methanogenic systems were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that pretreatment modified the content of inorganic compounds, fibers, and the C:N ratio, which had a strong positive correlation with BMP. The water washing pretreatment resulted in the best methane yield, with an increase of 38%. DNA metabarcoding analysis revealed that the bacterial genera Marinilabiliaceae_uncultured, DMER64, Treponema, and Hydrogenispora, as well as the archaea genera Methanosarcina, RumEn_M2, Bathyarchaeia, and Methanomassiliicocus, dominated the microbial community with a high methane yield. This study is the first to demonstrate the microbial community structure involved in the AD of Sargassum spp. The pretreatments presented in this study can help overcome the limitations associated with methane yield.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented burdens on individuals and communities around the world. The isolation, fear, and uncertainty caused by the virus has led to increased rates of anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues. The pandemic has also had a disproportionate impact on individuals and communities with low income and socioeconomic status.ObjectiveTo shed light on the consequences of the pandemic on individuals from minorities and low-income areas, we investigate the main reasons that led patients who were referred to a social clinic of a private university in Rio de Janeiro to seek psychological treatment before (2019) and during the pandemic (2020 and 2021).MethodsWe conducted a quanti-qualitative study with a lexical analysis that evaluated 549 complaint forms of patients seeking treatment in these two distinct periods. Our analyses included descending hierarchical analysis (DHA) and correspondence factor analysis (CFA).ResultsFamily dynamics and communication factors play a dominant role in the reason for seeking therapy and psychological treatment. Additionally, our study suggested an increase in anxiety and panic attacks among other mental health issues associated with grief and losses during the pandemic years.ConclusionBased on these analyses, we can begin to identify a few changes in the main demand and redirection of complaints of patients during the period of COVID-19.

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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the nature of the relationship between cognitive function, mood state, and functionality in predicting awareness in a non-clinically depressed sample of participants with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Brazil. METHODS: People with AD (PwAD) aged 60 years or older were recruited from an outpatient unit at the Center of AD of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Measures of awareness of condition (Assessment Scale of the Psychosocial Impact of the Diagnosis of Dementia), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination), mood state (Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia), and functionality (Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire) were applied to 264 people with mild to moderate AD and their caregivers. Hypotheses were tested statistically using SEM approach. Three competing models were compared. RESULTS: The first model, in which the influence of mood state and cognitive function on awareness was mediated by functionality, showed a very good fit to the data and a medium effect size. The competing models, in which the mediating variables were mood state and cognitive function, respectively, only showed poor model fit. CONCLUSION: Our model supports the notion that the relationship between different factors and awareness in AD is mediated by functionality and not by depressive mood state or cognitive level. The proposed direct and indirect effects on awareness are discussed, as well as the missing direct influence of mood state on awareness. The understanding of awareness in dementia is crucial and our model gives one possible explanation of its underlying structure in AD.

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ABSTRACT Objective: Perfectionist beliefs about emotions impact the experience and expression of emotions, being linked to increased levels of depression and anxiety. Given the influence of culture in the representation and expression of emotion, it is possible that beliefs vary across countries, but few empirical studies have been conducted on the theme. This study aims to compare Brazilian and British samples regarding their beliefs about emotional experience and expression. Methods: The current study compared a total of 960 Brazilian and British participants, with the samples having a similar profile in terms of age, gender and ethnicity. Participants answered online the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Beliefs about Emotions Scale (BES). This study aims to compare Brazilian and British samples with regard to beliefs about emotional experience and expression. Results: Significant differences between samples were found for beliefs about emotions. As hypothesized, Brazilians scored lower on unhelpful beliefs about emotions, except for beliefs about experiencing negative feelings and emotional control. Differences in total BES scores remained even after the inclusion of depression and anxiety as covariates. Conclusions: Results suggest higher endorsement of perfectionist beliefs in a European versus a Latin American context, but highlight that this pattern depends on the specific beliefs being studied. These differences should be considered when working with people from different cultural backgrounds and developing cultural adaptations for clinical interventions and psychopathology models.

RESUMO Objetivo: Crenças perfeccionistas sobre emoções afetam a experiência e expressão de emoções, estando relacionadas a níveis aumentados de depressão e ansiedade. Dada a influência da cultura na representação e expressão de emoções, é possível que as crenças variem entre os países, mas poucos estudos empíricos foram realizados sobre o tema. Este estudo tem o objetivo de comparar amostras brasileiras e britânicas em relação às suas crenças sobre a experiência emocional e expressão. Métodos: O presente estudo comparou um total de 960 participantes brasileiros e britânicos, com as amostras tendo um perfil semelhante em termos de idade, gênero e etnia. Os participantes responderam on-line à Escala de Ansiedade Generalizada (GAD-7), ao Questionário de Saúde do Paciente (PHQ-9) e à Escala de Crenças sobre Emoções (BES). Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as amostras em relação às crenças sobre emoções. Como hipotetizado, os brasileiros obtiveram pontuações mais baixas em crenças prejudiciais sobre emoções, exceto nas crenças sobre experienciar sentimentos negativos e controle emocional. As diferenças nos escores totais da BES permaneceram mesmo após a inclusão de depressão e ansiedade como covariáveis. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem maior endosso de crenças perfeccionistas em um contexto europeu, em comparação com um contexto latino-americano, mas destacam que esse padrão depende das crenças específicas estudadas. Essas diferenças devem ser consideradas ao trabalhar com pessoas de diferentes origens culturais e no desenvolvimento de adaptações culturais para intervenções clínicas e modelos de psicopatologia.

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Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented burdens on individuals and communities around the world. The isolation, fear, and uncertainty caused by the virus has led to increased rates of anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues. The pandemic has also had a disproportionate impact on individuals and communities with low income and socioeconomic status. Objective To shed light on the consequences of the pandemic on individuals from minorities and low-income areas, we investigate the main reasons that led patients who were referred to a social clinic of a private university in Rio de Janeiro to seek psychological treatment before (2019) and during the pandemic (2020 and 2021). Methods We conducted a quanti-qualitative study with a lexical analysis that evaluated 549 complaint forms of patients seeking treatment in these two distinct periods. Our analyses included descending hierarchical analysis (DHA) and correspondence factor analysis (CFA). Results Family dynamics and communication factors play a dominant role in the reason for seeking therapy and psychological treatment. Additionally, our study suggested an increase in anxiety and panic attacks among other mental health issues associated with griefand losses during the pandemic years. Conclusion Based on these analyses, we can begin to identify a few changes in the main demand and redirection of complaints of patients during the period of COVID-19.

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Objective: Depression and anxiety were disorders evidenced during the - Coronavirus disease19 pandemic. In this study, these conditions were evaluated as a function of Spirituality/Religiosity, as well as private prayer practices and attendance at religious spaces. Spirituality and religiosity have been widely investigated as health promoters. Methods: A sample of 1,293 participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory Primary Care, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Religious Spiritual Coping Brief Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The group was separated into Spirituality/Religiosity levels, prayer practices, and attendance at religious centers. Results: An ANOVA concluded that those who pray alone daily develop lower anxiety traits (F (8,133) = 7.885, p < 0.001) compared with individuals who pray once or twice a year. Participants who self-declared to be very spiritual exhibited fewer depressive symptoms (M = 2.57, SD = 2.88) compared to non-spiritual participants (M = 4.29, SD = 4.07, p < 0.001). Conclusion: In summary, Spirituality/Religiosity can positively impact mental health.

Objetivo: A espiritualidade e a religiosidade têm sido amplamente investigadas como promotoras de saúde. Depressão e ansiedade foram transtornos evidenciados durante a pandemia da doença do coronavírus" 19. Neste estudo, essas condições foram avaliadas em função da espiritualidade e religiosidade, assim como práticas de oração privada e atendimento em espaços religiosos. Método: Uma amostra de 1.293 participantes completou o Inventário de Depressão de Beck na Atenção Primária, o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado, a Escala Breve de Enfrentamento Espiritual Religioso e um Questionário Sociodemográfico. O grupo foi dividido em níveis espiritualidade e religiosidade, práticas de oração e frequência em centros religiosos. Resultados: Uma ANOVA concluiu que aqueles que rezam sozinhos diariamente apresentam menores traços de ansiedade (F (8,133) = 7,885, p < 0,001) em comparação com aqueles que rezam uma ou duas vezes por ano. Participantes muito espirituais apresentaram menos sintomas depressivos (M = 2,57, DP = 2,88) do que os participantes não espirituais (M = 4,29, DP = 4,07, p < 0,001). Conclusão: Em resumo, espiritualidade e religiosidade podem impactar positivamente a saúde mental.

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BACKGROUND: Impaired awareness of ability is common in dementia and has important clinical implications. Evidence from different clinical groups has shown that awareness can vary according to whether evaluation refers to self or other performance. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate awareness for self- and other-performance in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, exploring if results vary according to cognitive domain of the tasks. It was hypothesized that, particularly for memory tasks, AD patients would be inaccurate in relation to self-but not other-performance. METHODS: Twenty-two mild to moderate AD patients and twenty-two healthy older adults participated. Two tasks, with reaction time and working memory tasks, were carried out, and each had a success and a failure condition. Participants were asked to estimate their own performance, as well as the performance of another person they observed. Awareness of performance was measured comparing participant estimations of performance with actual performance. RESULTS: For both the reaction time and working memory tasks, results indicate that participants from both groups overestimated the performance in the failure condition and underestimated the performance in the success condition. They tended to overestimate more the performance of the other person compared to themselves. Additionally, for the working memory task, AD patients tended to overestimate more performances compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that the AD and control groups present the same pattern, with attribution of better performance to another person. For the AD group, the pattern of response was different for memory tasks, which may suggest domain-specific limited awareness.

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Introduction: Episodic memory is a cognitive process that allows the recall of experiences, learning, and the pursuit of future goals. During the aging process, episodic memory declines negatively, impacting social and psychological aspects in the elderly. Such intervention strategies as cognitive training are non-pharmacological ways of reducing these losses. Objective: We systematically reviewed studies of the cognitive training of episodic memory in healthy elderly individuals and elderly individuals with clinical conditions. Method: We systematically searched the PubMed, PsycNET, Web of Science, and SciELO databases using the descriptors "Episodic Memory" AND "Training" AND "Elderly" OR "Aging" OR "Dementia" in English and translated into Portuguese. Results: Of the 572 articles that were identified by the search, 23 were included in the final analysis. The main variables that comprised the intervention protocols (i.e., characteristics of the sample, type of control group, mode of episodic memory training, and duration of training) were investigated, as well as the outcome variables, efficacy, and risk of bias. The main results indicated effectiveness with regard to different forms of the cognitive training of episodic memory. Conclusion: Episodic memory training among the elderly can mitigate the negative effects of cognitive decline in dementia and healthy subjects promoting impacts at social, psychological, and economic levels. Although it is a widely studied topic, further empirical studies on the utility of episodic memory training in healthy elderly individuals and elderly individuals with clinical conditions are still needed.

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BACKGROUND: Connections between epidemiological findings and children's and adolescents' mental health policies have not been properly made in Brazil, and such nationwide studies are scarce. This epidemiological study (1) estimated the prevalence and predictors of parent-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (ADHD-report), (2) estimated the probable diagnosis and risk of ADHD based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, criteria (ADHD-probable), and (3) estimated current psychostimulant use (ADHD-pst) in a representative nationwide sample of Brazilian school-aged children and adolescents. METHODS: Data were obtained from 7114 school-aged children (49.9% boys) from 87 cities in 18 Brazilian states. Parents and teachers were interviewed using psychometrically sound questionnaires. Data and codes are available. RESULTS: The prevalence of ADHD-report, ADHD-probable, and ADHD-pst were 7.1%, 3.9%, and 1.9%, respectively. The agreement was low between ADHD-probable and ADHD-report (22.6%) and between ADHD-report and ADHD-pst (15.6%). Logistic regression revealed that predictors of all three categories were male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.71, 2.32, and 1.96, respectively), divorced parents (OR = 1.47, 1.65, and 1.68, respectively), and below-expectation school performance (OR = 3.1, 13.74, and 3.95, respectively). Socioeconomic status was a significant predictor of ADHD-report, and participants from lower classes were less frequently diagnosed with ADHD than their peers from upper classes (OR = 0.57, 95% confidence interval = 0.37-0.88, P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: The present findings provide an accurate description of ADHD in Brazil. We suggest disparities in agreement between report, risk, and psychostimulant use among children and adolescents and discrepancies between socioeconomic classes concerning the prevalence of an ADHD diagnosis.

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A avaliação neuropsicológica é um procedimento fundamental especialmente a pacientes que possam apresentar suspeita de transtornos neurológicos, psicológicos ou psiquiátricos. Uma de suas finalidades é mapear aspectos do perfil psicológico e comportamental do examinando e, com isso, auxiliar o diagnóstico em saúde mental. Frequentemente, esse processo integra os resultados obtidos por instrumentos de medida e aspectos dinâmicos relacionados à interpretação clínica. No entanto é possível identificar algumas dificuldades relacionadas a esse processo, tais como 1) limitações na compreensão de aspectos psicométricos e estatísticos por parte dos profissionais, 2) a utilização de instrumentos, em contextos clínicos que originalmente foram desenvolvidos para avaliação de trânsito e seleção organizacional e 3) um baixo consenso da relação entre percentil e classificação, o que pode gerar inconsistências entre resultados e avaliações. Posto isso, o presente trabalho é um estudo teórico que revisita conceitos fundamentais em Estatística e Psicometria associados à Neuropsicologia, discute condições em que testes voltados para trânsito e organizações são utilizados em Neuropsicologia e apresenta uma proposta de classificação.

Neuropsychological assessment is a fundamental procedure, especially in cases of suspected neurological, psychological, or psychiatric disorders. One of its purposes is to map aspects of the patient's psychological and behavioral profiles and, with that, contribute to mental health's diagnostic process. This process combines the results obtained by psychometric instruments and dynamic aspects related to clinical evaluation. However, we note some difficulties related to this process, such as 1) limitations in the understanding of psychometric and statistical aspects by the professionals or clinicians; 2) use of instruments developed for Traffic Psychology assessment and personnel selection in industrial and organizational settings; 3) a low consensus on the relationship between percentile and classification or descriptors to scores that represent the performance obtained in the test, which can lead to inconsistencies between results and evaluations. That said, this theoretical study revisits fundamental concepts in Psychometrics and Statistics related to Neuropsychology, discusses the conditions under which contextual-unrelated tests are used in Neuropsychology, and provides a proposal for classification.

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A Secretaria de Educação do município do Rio de Janeiro aplicou, em 2010, 2011 e 2012, nas 468 creches públicas, o instrumento "Ages & Stages Questionnaire", Terceira Edição, em sua versão adaptada e contextualizada ao Brasil (ASQ3-BR). Esta aplicação teve objetivo de fazer um rastreio do desenvolvimento de 109.758 crianças atendidas pelas creches, com idade entre 10 e 54 meses, especificamente em domínios relacionados à Comunicação, Coordenação Motora Ampla, Coordenação Motora Fina, Resolução de Problemas e Pessoal-Social. Os dados obtidos foram analisados visando o desenvolvimento de normas de interpretação do instrumento para população específica de crianças em creches brasileira. Isto foi realizado através do cálculo das médias e desvios-padrão dos escores, bem como pelos respectivos pontos de corte inferiores, considerados por dois desvios-padrão abaixo da média, e percentis de 5% e 10%. A partir deste procedimento, os resultados obtidos pelas crianças brasileiras foram comparados com os valores normativos estabelecidos pelo instrumento em seu original tanto para confirmar suas características psicométricas como para identificar possíveis diferenças nos resultados das crianças. Observou-se que os resultados obtidos nas creches públicas do Rio de Janeiro são inferiores àqueles observados no contexto norte-americano. Entretanto, eles tendem a se equiparar com o norte-americano no decorrer do amadurecimento da criança, especialmente quando elas ultrapassam os 24 meses de idade. Neste sentido, é possível sugerir que a estimulação oferecida pelas creches contribui para o desenvolvimento das crianças atendidas.

The Rio de Janeiro municipality Education Secretary applied in 2010, 2011, and 2012 the Portuguese-BR version (ASQ3-BR) of the Ages & Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition, in 468 public kindergartens to assess the development of 109,758 children aged 10 to 54 months. This endeavour was carried out to get information about the development of Communication, Gross Motor Coordination, Fine Motor Coordination, Problem Solving, and Personal-Social. The results were analysed, identifying the instrument's norms to its interpretation, as well as the respective cut-offs considering two standard deviations below the mean. In addition, the 5% and 10% percentiles based on the obtained scores were calculated. Also, the results were compared with normative values established by the original instrument to confirm its psychometric characteristics and to identify differences in the obtained data. It was observed that the results obtained in Rio de Janeiro's public daycare centers, although they started with results lower than those observed by the author of the instrument in the United States, after the age of 36 months, and with 24 months of living with other children, the results are matched with the American results, from which it can be concluded that the stimulation by living in daycare centers is effective for the psychomotor development of the children attended.

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Thalassobacillus is a moderately halophilic genus that has been isolated from several sites worldwide, such as hypersaline lakes, saline soils, salt flats, and volcanic mud. Halophilic bacteria have provided functional stable biomolecules in harsh conditions for industrial purposes. Despite its potential biotechnological applications, Thalassobacillus has not been fully characterized yet. This review describes the Thalassobacillus genus, with the few species reported, pointing out its possible applications in enzymes (amylases, cellulases, xylanases, and others), biosurfactants, bioactive compounds, biofuels production, bioremediation, and plant growth promotion. The Thalassobacillus genus represents a little-explored biological resource but with a high potential.

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Introducción: el profesionalismo es clave para construir la identidad de los profesionales sanitarios. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido conocer en un colectivo de residentes, la influencia de la primera ola de la pandemia por SARS-CoV2 en sus competencias del profesionalismo. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal mediante cuestionario electrónico, remitido a 167 residentes, para medir su percepción sobre el impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en el profesionalismo, con una escala verbal de cuatro niveles: excelente, por encima de lo esperado, lo esperado, por debajo de lo esperado. Se realizó, además, una pregunta abierta de "reflexión personal" analizada cualitativamente mediante un proceso de triangulación. La encuesta se hizo en el Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón en los dos meses siguientes a la primera ola pandémica. Resultados: respondieron 59 residentes (35,3%) de 21 especialidades. Sus lugares de trabajo fueron muy variados. Los atributos del profesionalismo valorados por encima de esperado o excelente fueron: trabajo en equipo (74,6%), empatía (71,2%) y responder a las necesidades del paciente por encima de las propias (69,5%). Se encontró por debajo de lo esperado la gestión de las emociones (22%). Discusión: la pandemia COVID-19 ha contribuido a reforzar la identidad profesional de los residentes, manifestándose a través de muchas dimensiones del profesionalismo. La gestión de las emociones fue la que obtuvo menor valoración.

Introduction: Professionalism is essential to build the identity of health professionals. The aim in this study was to determine, in a group of residents, the influence of the first wave of SARS-CoV2 pandemic on their professionalism competencies. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study with an electronic survey sent to 167 residents of Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón to assess their perception of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on professionalism, with a four-level verbal scale: excellent, above expected, expected, below expected. In addition, an open-ended "personal reflection" question was qualitatively analyzed through a triangulation process. The survey was completed immediately after the first pandemic wave. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 59 residents (35.3%) of 21 specialties from different workplaces. The attributes of professionalism rated above expected or excellent were: teamwork (74.6%), empathy (71.2%) and responding to patient's needs above their own (69.5%). Management of emotions (21%) was found to be below expectations. Discussion: COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to reinforce the professional identity of the residents, expressing itself through many dimensions of professionalism. Emotional management was the lowest rated.

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The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern, and the main measures to contain the spread of the coronavirus causing COVID-19 were social distancing, quarantine, and self-isolation. Although these policies are effective in containing the spread of the virus, they might represent a challenge to psychological well-being, increasing levels of depressive and anxiety-related symptoms. AIMS: We explored the frequency of anxiety and depression symptoms during COVID-19 restrictions and associations with sociodemographic factors in a Brazilian sample. METHOD: Data of a total of 936 Brazilian adults (68.2% women) aged 18 to 77 years old (M = 38.95, SD = 13.91) were collected through an online survey. RESULTS: In general, we observed a frequency of 17.36% for severe anxiety and 66.13% for severe depression symptoms, in which younger participants (18-39 years old) and women showed higher scores in anxiety and depression scales compared to older age groups. Logistic regressions showed that women were more likely to present severe symptoms of anxiety (20.4%) compared to men (10.9%), as well as respondents in the educational sector (24.3%) compared to those in the health sector (10%). CONCLUSIONS: We highlight the importance of mental health professionals in developing strategies to help younger adults to mitigate the effects of social restriction.

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