RESUMO
In elderly (75 years or older) patients living in Latin America with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis candidates for transfemoral approach, the panel suggests the use of transcatheter aortic valve implant (TAVI) over surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). This is a conditional recommendation, based on moderate certainty in the evidence. This recommendation does not apply to patients in which there is a standard of care, like TAVI for patients at very high risk for cardiac surgery or inoperable patients, or SAVR for non-elderly patients (eg, under 65 years old) at low risk for cardiac surgery. The suggested age threshold of 75 years old is based on judgement of limited available literature and should be used as a guide rather than a determinant threshold. The conditional nature of this recommendation means that the majority of patients in this situation would want a transfemoral TAVI over SAVR, but some may prefer SAVR. For clinicians, this means that they must be familiar with the evidence supporting this recommendation and help each patient to arrive at a management decision integrating a multidisciplinary team discussion (Heart Team), patient's values and preferences through shared decision-making, and available resources. Policymakers will require substantial debate and the involvement of various stakeholders to implement this recommendation.
Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter/reabilitação , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico , América LatinaRESUMO
Se presenta una revisión del manejo del herido por quemaduras en situaciones de contingencia bélicas y tiempo de paz. Se expone y actualiza la conducta a seguir en las diferentes etapas de tratamiento y evacuación
Assuntos
Queimaduras , Desastres , Medicina Militar , Militares , Guerra , Ferimentos e Lesões , Ferimentos por Arma de FogoRESUMO
Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de las clasificaciones de pronóstico de vida del herido por quemadura en condiciones normales y situaciones de contingencia. Se analizó de forma particular la clasificación cubana de pronóstico que tiene un aval de más de 25 años de aplicación en el Servicio de Caumatología del Instituto Superior de Medicina Militar "Dr. Luis Díaz Soto" y se tuvo en cuenta el criterio de experto, con la fundamentación referida se propuso 2 clasificaciones, una para situaciones de contingencia en 3 tipos de pacientes quemados: leves, moderados y graves, así como las prioridades para la evacuación. Para tiempo de paz la clasificación se establece en 2 grupos: grupo 1- herido por quemadura hasta el 4 % y grupo 2- herido por quemadura de más de 4 %. Estas clasificaciones que se basan en la extensión, permiten un flujo más adecuado para la atención del paciente según los niveles de prioridad.
A bibliographic review of the classifications of the prognoses of life of the wounded as a result of burns under normal conditions and contingencies is made. The way used in Cuba to classify the prognosis, which has been applied at the Burns Service of "Dr. Luis Díaz Soto" Higher Institute of Military Medicine for more than 25 years, was particularly analyzed and the critreria of experts were taken into account to propose 2 classifications, one for contingencies into 3 types of burned patients: mild, moderate and severe, including the priorities for evacuation, and the other to be used in times of peace with 2 groups of patients: group 1) the wounded by burns affecting up to 4 % of the body surface, and group 2) the wounded by burns affecting more than 4 % of the body surface. These classifications that are based on the burn size allow a more adequate flow to give attention to the patient according to the levels of priority.