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O cricket é o segundo esporte mais praticado no mundo e vem se desenvolvendo no Brasil. Apesar de sua popularidade, ele é pouco conhecido e estudado no Brasil, portanto o objetivo deste manuscrito é apresentar a modalidade, seu desenvolvimento e introdução no Brasil, como projeto social de massificação, e, ainda, seu desenvolvimento. O estudo apresenta as características iniciais da modalidade no Brasil, sua importância e evolução. Foi realizado um ensaio teórico com o objetivo da disseminação de informações sobre o desenvolvimento do esporte no país. O en-saio demonstra que a modalidade, ainda pouco conhecida, teve papel fundamental na cultura do país, principalmente pelo surgi-mento de vários clubes sociais e esportivos, impactando a vida de muitas crianças e jovens inseridos em ambientes vulneráveis. Com a prática da modalidade, esses jovens têm desenvolvido habilida-des psicossociais, potencializando sua formação integral, pessoal e profissional pelo esporte.

Cricket is the second most practiced sport in the world and has been developing in Brazil, despite its popularity it is little known and studied in Brazil, so the objective of this manuscript is to present the modality, its development and introduction in Brazil, as a project massification and its development. The study presents the initial characteristics of the modality in Brazil, its importance and evolution. A theoretical essay was carried out with the aim of disseminating information about the development of sport in the country. The essay demonstrates that the modality, still little known, played a fundamental role in the culture of our country, mainly due to the emergence of several social and sports clubs, impacting the lives of many children and young people inserted in vulnerable environments. With the practice of the modality, these young people have developed psychosocial skills, enhancing their integral, personal and professional training through sport.

El críquet es el segundo deporte más practicado en el mundo y viene desarrollándose en Brasil, a pesar de su popularidad es poco conocido y estudiado en Brasil, por lo que el objetivo de este manuscrito es presentar la modalidad, su desarrollo e introducción en Brasil, como proyecto de masificación y su desarrollo. El estudio presenta las características iniciales de la modalidad en Brasil, su importancia y evolución. Se realizó un ensayo teórico con el objetivo de difundir información sobre el desarrollo del deporte en el país. El ensayo demuestra que la modalidad, aún poco conocida, jugó un papel fundamental en la cultura de nuestro país, principalmente por el surgimiento de varios clubes sociales y deportivos, impactando la vida de muchos niños y jóvenes insertos en ambientes vulnerables. Con la práctica de la modalidad, estos jóvenes han desarrollado habilidades psicosociales, potenciando su formación integral, personal y profesional a través del deporte.

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Objetivo: comparar se o indicativo de sarcopenia e comportamento sedentário aumentou durante o isolamento social devido à pandemia de COVID-19 em idosos brasileiros. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 98 idosos de ambos os sexos, sendo 64 homens e 34 mulheres das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, e que estavam em isolamento social total ou parcial devido à pandemia de COVID-19 (junho a julho de 2020). Foram utilizados o SARC-F e o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), versão curta. A coleta de dados quantitativos ocorreu através de um formulário on-line disponibilizado pela Survey Monkey. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene, t independente e dependente, e coeficiente de Spearman. Adotou-se significância quando p < 0,05. Resultados: as mulheres (p = 0,047) e os idosos que não praticavam exercício físico (p = 0,001), apresentaram maior tempo sentado após o início da pandemia. Os idosos mais novos (p = 0,002) e que reportaram estar praticando exercício antes do isolamento social (p = 0,006) apresentam menores escores indicativos de sarcopenia durante a pandemia. Os idosos apresentaram aumento nos indicativos de sarcopenia (p = 0,050) e no comportamento sedentário (p = 0,001) durante o período de isolamento social. Conclusão: o período de isolamento social devido à pandemia da COVID-19 provocou aumento no indicativo de sarcopenia e no comportamento sedentário das pessoas idosas.

Objective: to compare whether the indicative of sarcopenia and sedentary behavior increased during social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic in elderly Brazilians. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with 98 elderly people of both sexes, 64 men and 34 women from southern and southeastern Brazil, and who were in total or partial social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic (June to July 2020). The SARC-F and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version, were used. The collection of quantitative data took place through an online form provided by Survey Monkey. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene, independent and dependent t tests, and Spearman's coefficient. Significance was adopted when p < 0.05. Results: women (p = 0.047) and the elderly who did not exercise (p = 0.001) had more time sitting after the onset of the pandemic. Younger elderly (p = 0.002) and those who reported having been exercising before social isolation (p = 0.006) had lower scores indicative of sarcopenia during the pandemic. The elderly showed an increase in sarcopenia indicatives (p = 0.050) and in sedentary behavior (p = 0.001) during the period of social isolation. Conclusion: the period of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused an increase in the indicative of sarcopenia and in the sedentary behavior of the elderly.

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Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) occurs in more than 50% of patients. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has identified global cerebral atrophy, as well as the involvement of the corpus callosum and hippocampus, which is associated with cognitive impairment. In this cross-sectional study we included 71 cSLE (mean age 24.7 years (SD 4.6) patients and a disease duration of 11.8 years (SD 4.8) and two control groups: (1) 49 adult-onset SLE (aSLE) patients (mean age of 33.2 (SD 3.7) with a similar disease duration and (2) 58 healthy control patients (mean age of 29.9 years (DP 4.1)) of a similar age. All of the individuals were evaluated on the day of the MRI scan (Phillips 3T scanner). We reviewed medical charts to obtain the clinical and immunological features and treatment history of the SLE patients. Segmentation of the corpus callosum was performed through an automated segmentation method. Patients with cSLE had a similar mid-sagittal area of the corpus callosum in comparison to the aSLE patients. When compared to the control groups, cSLE and aSLE had a significant reduction in the mid-sagittal area in the posterior region of the corpus callosum. We observed significantly lower FA values and significantly higher MD, RD, and AD values in the total area of the corpus callosum and in the parcels B, C, D, and E in cSLE patients when compared to the aSLE patients. Low complement, the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies, and cognitive impairment were associated with microstructural changes. In conclusion, we observed greater microstructural changes in the corpus callosum in adults with cSLE when compared to those with aSLE. Longitudinal studies are necessary to follow these changes, however they may explain the worse cognitive function and disability observed in adults with cSLE when compared to aSLE.

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This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity and physical fitness on the health-related quality of life (HQoL) of adult patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). Fifty-nine JIA patients and sixty healthy individuals participated in this study. All individuals had the following evaluations performed: body composition (electrical bioimpedance), physical fitness (6 min walk test (6MWT)), physical activity level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)), and HQoL (Quality of Life Questionnaire in relation to Health-Short Form (SF36)). Thirty-nine (66%) JIA patients were considered sedentary compared with 15 (25%) in the control group (p < 0.01). JIA patients had a lower HQoL compared with the control group in all variables studied (p < 0.05). JIA patients who were very physically active had better HQoL conditions in the categories of functional capacity (p = 0.001), limitations by physical aspects (p = 0.003), and emotional aspects (p = 0.002) compared with sedentary patients. JIA patients had more cardiovascular abnormalities and walked shorter distances compared with healthy controls in the 6MWT. In conclusion, we observed that HQoL was reduced in adults with JIA. A high percentage of JIA patients were sedentary with lower physical fitness, but physically active patients had a better HQoL than sedentary patients. The duration of physical activity, rather than intensity, influenced the mental aspects of HQoL.

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Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as percepções das pessoas idosas sobre as características que contribuíram para as conexões sociais em um programa de exercícios físicos sistematizados. Para isso, utilizou-se da abordagem qualitativa e foram entrevistados 18 participantes após um programa de 16 semanas de treino. Foi realizada uma entrevista presencial, a partir de um roteiro com questões semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados pelo método de Análise Temática. Foram identificados quatro temas gerais: a) motivação extrínseca, b) características do grupo, c) características pessoais, e d)características profissionais. Além disso, foram identificados alguns atributos, como ter pessoas conhecidas nos programas, estar em grupo de participantes com idades próximas, estar aberto ao diálogo e ter profissionais com características socioafetivas como comunicação, empatia, entre outros, que podem influenciar na percepção de conexões sociais durante o exercício físico, potencializando seus benefícios e contribuindo para uma vida mais ativa.

Abstract The aim of this study was to verify the older people's perceptions about the characteristics that contributed to the social connections in a systematic physical exercises program. For this, a qualitative method was used, and 18 participants were interviewed after a 16-week training program. A face-to-face interview was carried out, based on a script with semi-structured questions. The data was analyzed using the Thematic Analysis method. Four general themes were identified: a) extrinsic motivation, b) group characteristics, c) personal characteristics, and d) professional characteristics. Furthermore, some attributes were identified, such as identify familiar people in the programs, belong in a group of participants with similar age, be open to dialogue and have professionals with socio-affective characteristics such as communication, empathy, among others, which can influence the perception of social connections during physical exercise, enhancing its benefits and contributing to a physically active life.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar las percepciones de las personas mayores sobre las características que contribuyen a las conexiones sociales en un programa sistematizado de ejercicio físico. Para eso, se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo y se entrevistó a 18 participantes después de un programa de entrenamiento físico de 16 semanas. Se realizó una entrevista cara a cara, basada en un guion con preguntas semiestructuradas. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el método de Análisis Temático. Se identificaron cuatro temas generales: a) motivación extrínseca, b) características grupales, c) características personales y d) características profesionales. Además, se identificaron algunos atributos como tener personas conocidas en los programas, estar en un grupo de participantes de edades cercanas, estar abiertos al diálogo y contar con profesionales con características socioafectivas como comunicación, empatía, entre otras, que pueden influyen en la percepción de las conexiones sociales durante el ejercicio físico, potenciando sus beneficios y contribuyendo a una vida más activa.

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Objetivo: Definir conceitos, analisar e relacionar artigos sobre a Paixão e a Teoria da Autodeterminação (TAD) -como componentes da Psicologia Positiva -no esporte. Método:Foram coletados artigos utilizando a base de dados "Periódicos Capes", além de materiais de posse das próprias autoras, como textos e livros, que incluíam uma ou mais das seguintes temáticas: Teoria da Autodeterminação e/ou Motivação, Paixão, Esporte e Atividade Física. Resultados e discussão: Foram incluídos 2 livros, 2 capítulos de livros, 19 artigos e uma dissertação de Mestrado, que atendiam o critério das autoras de contribuir na conceituação de terminologias e na integração das áreas pesquisadas. Com a leitura dos textos, foi possível discutir, analisar e relacionar a teoria da autodeterminação, a motivação e a paixão no contexto esportivo. Apesar de ter sido possível a construção de vínculos entre a Psicologia Positiva e a Psicologia do Esporte, evidenciam-se limitações nesta área de estudos devido à escassa bibliografia existente. Conclusão: A paixão para o esporte, como variável psicológica, foi definida pela Teoria da Autodeterminação como elemento de caráter motivacional intrínseco. Sendo a inclinação que um indivíduo tem por determinada atividade esportiva, na qual despende tempo de dedicação, a paixão tem função identitária e, por isso, é capaz de diferenciar praticantes esportivos em gênero, experiência e nível competitivo. O caráter da paixão, harmoniosa ou obsessiva, refere-se a como uma atividade esportiva é internalizada, de forma que, mesmo sendo um elemento de interesse dos indivíduos, pode contribuir tanto de forma positiva, como negativa. Após uma conceituação detalhada e a consideração dos artigos que interligam as temáticas da Psicologia com os esportes, concluímos que os conceitos da Psicologia Positiva se constituem como bases para a compreensão dos aspectos psicológicos de praticantes de atividades físicas, visto que estes são ambientes de estimulação mental e emocional

Objective: Define concepts, analyze and relate articles about Passion and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) -as components of Positive Psychology - in sport. Method: Articles were collected using the "Periódicos Capes" database, in addition to materials owned by the authors themselves, such as texts and books, which included one or more of the following themes: Theory of Self-Determination and/or Motivation, Passion, Sport and Physical activity. Results and discussion: 2 books, 2 book chapters, 19 articles and a Master's dissertation were included, which met the authors' criteria of contributing to the conceptualization of terminologies and the integration of the areas researched. By reading the texts, it was possible to discuss, analyze and relate the theory of self-determination, motivation and passion in the sporting context. Although it was possible to build links between Positive Psychology and Sports Psychology, there are limitations in this area of study due to the scarce existing bibliography. Conclusion: Passion for sport, as a psychological variable, was defined by the Self-Determination Theory as an intrinsic motivational element. Being the inclination that an individual has for a certain sporting activity, in which they spend dedicated time, passion has an identity function and, therefore, is capable of differentiating sports practitioners in terms of gender, experience and competitive level. The character of passion, whether harmonious or obsessive, refers to how a sporting activity is internalized, so that, even though it is an element of interest to individuals, it can contribute both positively and negatively. After a detailed conceptualization and consideration of the articles that interconnect the themes of Psychology with sports, we conclude that the concepts of Positive Psychology constitute the basis for understanding the psychological aspects of practitioners of physical activities, as these are environments of mental and emotional stimulation.

Objetivo: Definir conceptos, analizar y reportar artículos sobre la Teoría de Autodeterminación (TAD) y la Pasión - como componentes de la Psicología Positiva -en el deporte. Método: Se recolectaron artículos a través de la base de datos "Periódicos Capes", además de materiales de propiedad de los propios autores, como textos y libros, que incluyeran uno o más de los siguientes temas: Teoría de la Autodeterminación y/o Motivación, Pasión, Deporte y Actividad Física. Resultados y discusión: Se incluyeron 2 libros, 2 capítulos de libro, 19 artículos y una disertación de maestría, que cumplieron con el criterio de los autores de contribuir a la conceptualización de terminologías y la integración de las áreas investigadas. A través de la lectura de los textos fue posible discutir, analizar y relatar la teoría de la autodeterminación, la motivación y la pasión en el contexto deportivo. Si bien se logró construir vínculos entre la Psicología Positiva y la Psicología del Deporte, existen limitaciones en esta área de estudio debido a la escasa bibliografía existente. Conclusión: La pasión por el deporte, como variable psicológica, fue definida por la Teoría de la Autodeterminación como un elemento motivacional intrínseco. Al ser la inclinación que tiene un individuo por una determinada actividad deportiva, a la que dedica un tiempo dedicado, la pasión tiene una función identitaria y, por tanto, es capaz de diferenciar a los practicantes del deporte en términos de género, experiencia y nivel competitivo. El carácter dela pasión, ya sea armoniosa u obsesiva, se refiere a cómo se interioriza una actividad deportiva, de modo que, si bien es un elemento de interés para los individuos, puede contribuir tanto positiva como negativamente. Después de una detallada conceptualización y consideración de los artículos que interconectan los temas de la Psicología con el deporte, concluimos que los conceptos de la Psicología Positiva constituyen la base para comprender los aspectos psicológicos de los practicantes de actividades físicas, ya que estos son ambientes de estimulación mental y emocional.

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Objetivo: Comparar os efeitos dos exercícios por realidade virtual (RV)com o exercício físico convencional para as capacidades cognitivas e psicológicas das pessoas idosas. Métodos: Incluídos artigos publicados entre 2012 e 2021, das bases de dados PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane Library e Web of Science. Critérios de inclusão: estratégia PICO (Participante, Intervenção, Comparação e Outcome/Desfecho; RoB 2- Cochrane para analisar o risco de viés para ensaios randomizados; GRADE Pro, avaliação da qualidade das evidências. Resultados e discussão: 403 artigos inicialmente identificados, 23 elegíveis para a revisão sistemática e 14 incluídos na metanálise. Instrumentos encontrados: Trail Making Test (TMT-B), Stroop Test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). No TMT-B observamos heterogeneidade (Tau²=0,51, I²=82,97%, Q=17,51, p=0,001) e diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos, favorecendo a intervenção por RV (p=0,028). No Stroop Test, não observamos heterogeneidade (Tau²=0, I²=0, Q=1,53, p=0,464) e não houve diferença entre os grupos (p=0,194). Nos testes MEEM e MoCA, tivemos heterogeneidade entre os grupos (Tau²=0,17, I²=63,47%, Q=18,055, p=0,012), favorecendo a RV de maneira estatisticamente significativa (p=0,008). O SF-36 não apresentou heterogeneidade entre os grupos (Tau²=0, I²=0, Q=1,53, p=0,464) e não houve diferença estatística significativa (0,657). Conclusão: Ainda não é possível afirmar que apenas a utilização da RV é eficiente, porém ressaltamos que as intervenções realizadas com as pessoas idosas, nas quais eles se sentem parte e são responsáveis pelo seu desempenho, mostram a interação e motivação para o exercício físico, ajudando a terem uma vida mais saudável e com mais qualidade.

Objective: To compare the effects of virtual reality (VR) exercises with conventional physical exercise on the cognitive and psychological capabilities of older people. Methods: Included articles published between 2012 and 2021, from the PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria: PICO strategy (Participant, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome/Outcome and; RoB 2- Cochrane to analyze the risk of bias for randomized trials; GRADE Pro, assessment of the quality of evidence. Results and discussion: 403 articles initially identified, 23 eligible for the systematic review and 14 included in the meta-analysis. Instruments found: Trail Making Test (TMT-B), Stroop Test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). In TMT-B we observed heterogeneity (Tau²=0.51, I²=82.97%, Q=17.51, p=0.001) and a statistically significant difference between the groups, favoring the VR intervention (p=0.028). In the Stroop Test, we did not observe heterogeneity (Tau²=0, I²=0, Q=1.53, p=0.464) and there was no difference between the groups (p=0.194). In the MMSE and MoCA tests, we had heterogeneity between the groups (Tau²=0.17, I²=63.47%, Q=18.055, p=0.012), favoring VR in a statistically significant way (p=0.008). The SF-36 showed no heterogeneity between groups (Tau²=0, I²=0, Q=1.53, p=0.464) and there was no statistically significant difference (0.657). Conclusion: It is not yet possible to say that the use of VR alone is efficient, however we emphasize that interventions carried out with elderly people, in which they feel part of and are responsible for their performance, show interaction and motivation for physical exercise, helping them to have a healthier and more quality life.

Objetivo: Comparar los efectos de los ejercicios de realidad virtual (RV) con el ejercicio físico convencional sobre las capacidades cognitivas y psicológicas de las personas mayores. Métodos: Se incluyeron artículos publicados entre 2012 y 2021, de las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane Library y Web of Science. Criterios de inclusión: estrategia PICO (participante, intervención, comparación y resultado/resultado; RoB 2- Cochrane para analizar el riesgo de sesgo de ensayos aleatorios; GRADE Pro, evaluación de la calidad de la evidencia. Resultados y discusión: 403 artículos identificados inicialmente, 23 elegibles para la revisión sistemática y 14 incluidos en el metanálisis. Instrumentos encontrados: Trail Making Test (TMT-B), Stroop Test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) y Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). En TMT-B observamos heterogeneidad (Tau²=0,51, I²=82,97%, Q=17,51, p=0,001) y una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos, favoreciendo la intervención de RV (p=0,028). En el Test de Stroop no observamos heterogeneidad (Tau²=0, I²=0, Q=1,53, p=0,464) y no hubo diferencia entre los grupos (p=0,194). En las pruebas MMSE y MoCA tuvimos heterogeneidad entre los grupos (Tau²=0,17, I²=63,47%, Q=18,055, p=0,012), favoreciendo la RV de forma estadísticamente significativa (p=0,008). El SF-36 no mostró heterogeneidad entre grupos (Tau²=0, I²=0, Q=1,53, p=0,464) y no hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa (0,657). Conclusión: Aún no es posible afirmar que el uso de la RV por sí solo sea eficiente, sin embargo destacamos que las intervenciones realizadas con personas mayores, en las que se sienten parte y responsables de su desempeño, muestran interacción y motivación para el ejercicio físico. ayudándoles a tener una vida más sana y de calidad.

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Computerized batteries have been widely used to investigate cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with SLE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cognitive performance of patients with SLE in relation to healthy controls using the Pediatric Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (Ped-ANAM) battery. In addition, we aimed to examine differences in Ped-ANAM scores according to age of disease onset, presence of disease activity, and disease damage. We included 201 consecutive adult-onset (aSLE) and childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) patients who were being followed at the hospital's rheumatology outpatient clinic and 177 healthy controls. We applied the percentage of correct answers on the Ped-ANAM subtests and the Performance Validity Index (PVI) metric and correlated them with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Damage Index (SDI). Then, we established their relationships with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). We observed CI in a total of 38 (18.9%) SLE patients and 8 (4.5%) healthy controls (p < 0.001). CI was observed in eight (19.5%) cSLE patients and 32 (20%) aSLE patients (p = 0.8175). Individual analysis of the aSLE subtests showed a significant difference in all subtests compared to healthy controls; the greatest differences were in matching to sample (p < 0.001) and memory search ( p < 0.001). In the cSLE group, we observed a difference in the code substitution subtests (p = 0.0065) compared to the healthy controls. In the evaluation of clinical outcomes, disease activity was significantly correlated with CI in cSLE (r = 0.33; p = 0.042) and aSLE (r = 0.40; p = 0.001). We also observed an association between disease activity and neuropsychiatric manifestations (p = 0.0012) in aSLE. In conclusion, we determined that cognitive dysfunction, mainly in memory and attention, was more prevalent in patients with SLE. In both the cSLE and aSLE groups, disease activity was associated with worse cognitive function. This is the first study to use the Ped-ANAM in Brazil. Longitudinal studies are necessary to determine how the Ped-ANAM will perform over time.

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Automated neuropsychiatric batteries have been used in research and clinical practice, including for chronic diseases, such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. The Pediatric Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics battery (Ped-ANAM), originally developed for use in American-English speaking individuals, allows tracking of cognitive functions. It can be applied to people over 9 years old. The aim of this study was to translate and present initial validation data from the Ped-ANAM into Brazilian-Portuguese. We translated the battery according to Beaton's guidelines. Psychometric properties were tested, internal consistency was analyzed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, test-retest reliability by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Further, we measured the test execution speed at both times as a temporal stability. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for structural validity. Evidence of construct validity was assessed through assessment of the relationships with the Wechsler Intelligence Scales. All participants prior to the start of study related activities signed an informed consent form approved by the local ethics committee. A sample of 230 individuals [mean (range) of age: 23 (9 to 60) years; 65% females] was included; a subset of 51 individuals [mean (range) of age: 18 (9 to 57) years, 59% female] completed the Ped-ANAM twice to assess test-retest reliability, and another subset of 54 individuals [mean (range) of age: 20.4 (7 to 62) years; 67% female] completed the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children and Adult for assessment of the Ped-ANAM's construct validity. Our results suggest that the internal consistency of the Ped-ANAM (Cronbach's α = 0.890) and its subtest test-retest reliability were excellent (ICC: 0.59 to 0.94). There was no clustering in the Principal Components Analysis, suggestive of non-grouping of the evaluated variables. Construct validity assessment to the Wechsler Scales showed expected ranges of low to strong correlations (Spearman correlations: ρ = 0.40 to ρ = 0.69). We concluded that, based on the results of this study, a cross-culturally validated Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Ped-ANAM has been developed and it is a reliable tool for the screening cognitive function.

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Background and Objectives: Evidence suggests that the failure of epidemiological control impedes the resumption of socioeconomic activities. Therefore, this study aimed to describe epidemiological aspects and the pattern of mobility on each continent and to verify the association between the COVID-19 infection rate and time spent at home. Methods: We analyzed reports from Global Positioning System of 97 countries and their epidemiological indicators until May 27, 2020. Results: Cases of COVID-19 ranged from 22 to 1,745,803, and deaths ranged from 0 to 102,107. The highest rates per 100,000 population were observed in Europe and America. Approximately 54% of COVID-19 cases occurred in America and 51% of deaths in Europe. Countries reduced mobility in retail and recreation (-43.45%±20.42%), grocery and pharmacy (-17.95%±20.82%), parks (-18.77%±37.34%), transit stations (-43.09%±20.31%), workplaces (-21.74%±19.92%), and increased time spent at home (13.00%±8.80%). Linear regression showed that European inhabitants stayed at home less when compared those on the American continent (ß=-4.933, SE=0.976, p<.001). In addition, every unit increase in the infection rate per 100,000 population increased 0.005 points in the mean time spent at home (ß=0.005, SE=0.001, p<.001). Conclusions: We provide evidence that increased infection rate of COVID-19 is associated with increased length of stay at home. As a main lesson, COVID-19 showed that in the absence of pharmacological resources, government authorities need to act quickly to contain the spread of infectious diseases.(AU)

Justificativa e objetivos: Evidências sugerem que as dificuldades no controle epidemiológico impedem a retomada das atividades socioeconômicas. Diante disso, tivemos os objetivos de descrever aspectos epidemiológicos e o padrão de mobilidade em cada continente e verificar a associação entre a taxa de infecção por COVID-19 e o tempo de permanência em casa. Métodos: Analisamos relatórios de Global Positioning System de 97 países e seus indicadores epidemiológicos até 27 de maio de 2020. Resultados: Casos de COVID-19 variaram de 22 a 1.745.803, e as mortes variaram de 0 a 102.107. Maiores taxas por 100.000 habitantes foram observadas na Europa e América. Aproximadamente 54% dos casos de COVID-19 ocorreram na América e 51% dos óbitos na Europa. Os países reduziram a mobilidade no varejo e recreação (-43,45% ± 20,42%), mercearia e farmácia (-17,95%±20,82%), parques (-18,77%±37,34%), estações de trânsito (-43,09%±20,31%), locais de trabalho (-21,74%±19,92%), e aumentaram o tempo em casa (13,00% ± 8,80%). A regressão linear mostrou que os habitantes europeus ficaram menos tempo em casa do que os habitantes do continente americano (ß=-4,933, EP=0,976, p<0,001). Além disso, cada unidade de aumento na taxa de infecção por 100.000 habitantes aumentou 0,005 pontos no tempo médio de permanência em casa (ß=0,005, EP=0,001, p<0,001). Conclusões: Fornecemos evidências de que o aumento da taxa de infecção por COVID-19 está associado ao aumento do tempo de permanência em casa. Como lição principal, a COVID-19 mostrou que, na ausência de recursos farmacológicos, as autoridades governamentais precisam agir rapidamente para conter a propagação de doenças infecciosas.(AU)

Justificación y Objetivos: Dificultades en el control epidemiológico dificultan la reactivación de actividades socioeconómicas. Nuestros objetivos fueron describir aspectos epidemiológicos y el patrón de movilidad en cada continente y verificar la asociación entre tasa de infección por COVID-19 y duración de estancia en casa. Métodos: Examinamos informes del Global Positioning System de 97 países y sus indicadores epidemiológicos hasta 27 de mayo de 2020. Resultados: Casos de COVID-19 oscilaron entre 22 y 1.745.803, y muertes entre 0 y 102.107. Tasas más altas por 100.000 habitantes ocurrieron en Europa y América. Aproximadamente 54% de los casos de COVID-19 ocurrieron en América y 51% de las muertes en Europa. Los países redujeron la movilidad en comercio y recreación (-43,45%±20,42%), tienda de comestibles y farmacia (-17,95%±20,82%), parques (-18,77%±37,34%), estaciones de tránsito (-43,09%±20,31%), lugares de trabajo (-21,74%±19,92%), y aumentaron la duración de la estancia en casa (13,00%±8,80%). La regresión lineal (R²=0,906) mostró que los europeos permanecían menos tiempo en casa en comparación con los del continente americano (ß=-4,933, EE=0,976, p<0,001). Además, cada unidad de aumento de la tasa de infección por 100.000 habitantes aumentó la duración media de la estancia en casa en 0,005 puntos (ß=0,005, EE=0,001, p<0,001). Conclusiones: Mostramos que el aumento de la tasa de infección de COVID-19 se asocia con una mayor duración de la estancia en casa. Como lección clave, COVID-19 demostró que, en ausencia de recursos farmacológicos, las autoridades gubernamentales deben actuar rápidamente para contener la propagación de enfermedades infecciosas.(AU)

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Objetivo: analisar o papel preditor da idade sobre os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão de adultos durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 1118 adultos. Foi utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico e a Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale. A análise de dados foi conduzida por meio da Análise Multivariada de Variância, correlação de Pearson e Regressão Múltipla (p <0,05). Resultados: a idade foi um preditor negativo dos sintomas de ansiedade (R2 = 0,03; p < 0,05; ß = -0,18) e depressão (R2 = 0,03, p < 0,05; ß = -0,19) entre os homens. Em relação às mulheres, a idade também se mostrou como uma preditora negativa dos sintomas de ansiedade (R2 = 0,05; p < 0,05; ß = -0,23) e dos sintomas depressivos (R2 = 0,03; p < 0,05; (ß = -0,17). Conclusão: existe associação inversamente proporcional da idade com os sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade dos brasileiros durante a Covid-19.

Objective: To analyze age's predictive role in anxiety and depression symptoms in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,118 adults. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used. Data analysis was conducted using multivariate analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression (p < .05). Results: Age was a negative predictor of symptoms of anxiety (R2 = 0.03; p < .05; ß = ­0.18) and depression (R2 = 0.03, p < .05; ß = ­0.19) among men and a negative predictor of anxiety symptoms (R2 = 0.05, p < .05; ß = ­0.23) and depressive symptoms (R2 = 0.03; p < .05; (ß = ­0.17) among women as well. Conclusion: Age has had an inversely proportional association with depressive and anxiety symptoms among Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Dada a importância da adaptação do atleta à fase pós-aposentadoria, este estudo qualitativo objetivou analisar as variáveis pessoais e contextuais associadas com a atuação profissional pós-carreira esportiva de mulheres atletas de elite. Foram feitas entrevistas pessoais e análise de conteúdo das respostas. O nível escolar, a motivação, a abertura ao novo, a criatividade e a independência de julgamento foram verificadas como fatores pessoais relacionados com a atuação profissional pós-carreira esportiva das atletas entrevistadas. Quanto aos fatores contextuais, destacaram-se os desafios atuais e o apoio social. Conclui-se que há importância na convergência das variáveis pessoais e contextuais para compreender a prática profissional pós-carreira de ex-atletas femininas de elite.

The athlete's adaptation to the post-retirement phase is important. Thus, this qualitative study aimed to analyze the personal and contextual variables associated with the post-career professional performance of elite female athletes. A personal interview and content analysis of the responses were made. School level, motivation, openness to the new, creativity and independence of judgment were verified as personal factors related to the athletes' post-career professional performance. As for contextual factors, the current challenges and social support were highlighted. It concludes about the importance of the convergence of personal and contextual variables to understand the post-career professional practice of excellent female ex-elite athletes.

Dada la importancia de la adaptación del deportista a la fase post jubilación, fueron analizados en este estudio cualitativo las variables personales y contextuales asociadas al desempeño profesional post-carrera deportiva de atletas femeninas de élite. Se realizó una entrevista personal y un análisis de contenido de las respuestas. Los fatores personales nivel escolar, motivación, apertura a lo nuevo, creatividad y independencia de juicio fueron relacionados con el desempeño profesional post-carrera de las deportistas. Los factores contextuales, se destacaron los desafíos actuales y el apoyo social. Concluye sobre la importancia de la convergencia de variables personales y contextuales para comprender la práctica profesional posterior a la carrera de ex deportistas de élite femeninas.

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Dada a importância da adaptação do atleta à fase pós-aposentadoria, este estudo qualitativo objetivou analisar as variáveis pessoais e contextuais associadas com a atuação profissional pós-carreira esportiva de mulheres atletas de elite. Foram feitas entrevistas pessoais e análise de conteúdo das respostas. O nível escolar, a motivação, a abertura ao novo, a criatividade e a independência de julgamento foram verificadas como fatores pessoais relacionados com a atuação profissional pós-carreira esportiva das atletas entrevistadas. Quanto aos fatores contextuais, destacaram-se os desafios atuais e o apoio social. Conclui-se que há importância na convergência das variáveis pessoais e contextuais para compreender a prática profissional pós-carreira de ex-atletas femininas de elite (AU).

The athlete's adaptation to the post-retirement phase is important. Thus, this qualitative study aimed to analyze the personal and contextual variables associated with the post-career professional performance of elite female athletes. A personal interview and content analysis of the responses were made. School level, motivation, openness to the new, creativity and independence of judgment were verified as personal factors related to the athletes' post-career professional performance. As for contextual factors, the current challenges and social support were highlighted. It concludes about the importance of the convergence of personal and contextual variables to understand the post-career professional practice of excellent female ex-elite athletes (AU).

Dada la importancia de la adaptación del deportista a la fase post jubilación, fueron analizados en este estudio cualitativo las variables personales y contextuales asociadas al desempeño profesional post-carr-era deportiva de atletas femeninas de élite. Se realizó una entrevista personal y un análisis de contenido de las respuestas. Los fatores personales nivel escolar, motivación, apertura a lo nuevo, creatividad y independencia de juicio fueron relacionados con el desempeño profesional post-carrera de las deportistas. Los factores contextuales, se destacaron los desafíos actuales y el apoyo social. Concluye sobre la importancia de la convergencia de variables personales y contextuales para comprender la práctica profesional posterior a la carrera de ex deportistas de élite femeninas (AU).

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Objective: To compare the levels of Th1 (IL-12) and Th2 (IL-6 and IL10) cytokines over a two-year period among systemic lupus erythematosus patients with childhood-onset (cSLE), adult-onset (sSLE), and healthy controls, and correlate with their clinical, laboratory, and treatment manifestations. Methods: The study included 63 patients with cSLE [57 (90%) women; mean age 19.7 ± 4.3 years (range = 10-29); mean disease duration 7.3 ± 4.2 years (range 2-15)], 67 patients with aSLE [65 (97%) women; mean age of 39.9 ± 11.8 years (range 21-68); disease duration 7.7 ± 3.1 years (range 4-16)], and 40 healthy controls [36 (90%) women; mean age of 29.6 ± 10 years (range 12-49)]. cSLE and aSLE patients were paired by disease duration. Clinical and laboratory manifestations, disease activity (SLEDAI), cumulative damage (SDI), and current drug exposures were evaluated. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were evaluated by the Beck inventory (BAI and BDI, respectively). Th1 (IL-12) and Th2 (IL-6 and IL-10) cytokines were measured by the ELISA test. Data were collected at four different time points (TI, TII, TIII, and TIV) and compared by non-parametric tests. Results: IL-6 levels were significantly higher in aSLE patients compared to healthy controls at times I, II, and III (TI p = 0.013, TII p = 0.015, TIII p = 0.004, and TIV p = 0.634). However, no difference was observed between cSLE patients and healthy controls (TI p = 0.223, TII p = 0.613, TIII p = 0.341, and TIV p = 0.977). In addition, no difference was observed between aSLE and cSLE patients (TI p = 0.377, TII p = 0.123, TIII p = 0.105, and TIV p = 0.591). The levels of IL-12 were significantly higher in cSLE patients compared to healthy controls at all time points (TI p = 0.04, TII p < 0.001, TIII p = 0.015, and TIV p = 0.021). aSLE patients showed significantly elevated levels when compared to healthy controls at time III and IV (TI p = 0.752, TII p = 0.827, TIII p = 0.011*, and TIV p < 0.001*). cSLE patients showed significantly higher levels than aSLE patients at times I and II (TI p = 0.07*, TII p < 0.001*, TIII p = 0.998, and TIV p = 0.140). In aSLE patients, IL-6 was associated with headache (p = 0.006), arthritis (p = 0.044), and nephritis (p = 0.012); IL-10 was associated with nephritis (p = 0.043), hypocomplementemia (p = 0.001), and disease activity (p = 0.001); in these patients, IL-12 was associated with alopecia (p = 0.025) and leukopenia (p = 0.044). In cSLE patients, IL-6 was associated with arthritis (p = 0.022) and malar rash (p = 0.012). Conclusion: aSLE and cSLE patients with long disease duration present similar levels of cytokines, despite differences in clinical activity patterns over time.

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Abstract Aim: The purpose of this paper was to analyze the internal consistency of the Sport Motivation Scale-II (SMS-II) questionnaire based on three studies with sports practitioners in the Brazilian college context. Methods: All the three studies i) were carried out with students enrolled in higher education and engaged in sports training by their institution (n1 = 304; n2 = 441; n3 = 310); ii) used SMS-II as an instrument for data collection; iii) used the online procedure for data collection. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed and Cronbach's Alpha (α), McDonald's Omega (Ω), and the correlation between items were used to assess internal consistency. Results: As potentialities, five dimensions of the SMS-II presented high values of internal reliability (α and Ω > 0.60). As a limitation, the dimension of introjected regulation showed low reliability (α and Ω < 0.40) in the three studies conducted by our group. The exclusion of item 16 enabled an increase in alpha, but without achieving satisfactory reliability in Study 1 (α = 0.46) and Study 2 (α = 0.31). In Study 3, the exclusion of item 7 improved the internal reliability of the dimension (α = 0.43) also without reaching satisfactory values of internal consistency. It was not possible to identify a problematic item, given that each item had a different influence in the three studies. Conclusion: We found good values of validity and internal consistency for the Brazilian version of the SMS-II. However, we suggest attention to the introjected regulation dimension when using the instrument in the Brazilian college context.

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Abstract Aim: To analyze the concepts of mental health and illness as well as the instruments used to measure them in the elite athlete. Methods: The scoping review was conducted using PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and Scielo. The keywords "Mental Health" AND "Sport" AND "Athlete" were used to find studies in peer-reviewed scientific journals published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. Studies went through four stages of analysis according to PRISMA guidelines. A total of 179 records were included in this review. Results: Recent studies suggest that health and illness should not be recognized as deviations from the norm, but as a changing construct, varying on a continuum, where, at one extreme, we have health; and, at the other, we have illness even coexisting in an orthogonal way. Between the two extremes, there are degrees of psychological well-being and distress, leading from reduced functioning to effective functioning. This indicates the need for psychological support for both the maintenance and enhancement of mental health. An alarming result was that, although most of the studies investigated mental health, they used primarily instruments focused on illness. This new perspective of health-illness brings the need for the development of new instruments that encompass protective factors and symptom screening. Conclusions: We reinforce the need for a paradigm shift in relation to the mental health of elite athletes understanding it as a changing construct that should be constantly improved and/or maintained. This change led to the need for broader assessment instruments that encompass protective factors and illness symptoms.

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A formação profissional em Educação Física Escolar Adaptada tem sido assunto debatido de maneira significativa. Assim, novas possibilidades de temas têm sido pensadas, como a motivação profissional. Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender aspectos motivacionais em Professores de Educação Física Escolar Adaptada, sob uma abordagem quali-quantitativa. Foram entrevistados, em 2019, oito professores da rede pública de ensino, com idade média de 44 anos (±11), que concluíram a graduação há 20 anos (±12) e que trabalhavam com crianças com deficiência nas aulas de Educação Física. Os resultados mostraram que, mesmo com a conclusão de cursos de graduação e especialização, a maioria está insatisfeita com sua formação, por conta da carência de oportunidades. Porém, a maioria, ainda está motivada para melhorar sua prática com cursos e capacitações. Assim, fica claro a importância de ampliar possibilidades acadêmicas e de formação para novas abordagens metodológicas na área das atividades físicas escolares adaptadas.

Professional qualification in Adapted Physical Education has been significantly discussed nowadays. Thus, it is important new possibilities for this discussion, such as professional motivation. Therefore, this study aimed to understand motivational aspects of teachers of Adapted Physical Education, under a qualitative and quantitative approach. For this research, we interviewed eight public school teachers, with an average age of 44 years (± 11), who completed their graduation 20 years ago (± 12) and who worked with children with disabilities in Physical Education classes. The results showed that, even with the completion of undergraduate and specialization courses, most are dissatisfied with their education, due to the lack of opportunities. However, most of them are motivated to improve their practice with capacitation courses. With these data, we highlighted the importance of expanding academic and training possibilities for new methodological approaches in the area of ​​adapted school physical activities.

La formación Profesional em Educación Física Especial, há sido um tema muy discutido. Por lo tanto, es que surgen nuevas temáticas para su estúdio, por ejemplo la motivación professional. Este proyecto tiene como objetivo entender aspectos motivacionales de los Profesores en Educación Física especial, en perspectiva cuali-cuantitativa. De acuerdo con los resultados encuentrados con ocho Profesores de escuela de enseñanza pública en 2019, en promedio de edad 44 años y 11 meses y atienden a alumnos especiales en las clases. Los resultados demuestran que al igual que tienes han realizados estúdios avanzados, existe coincidencia pues se sienten insatisfechos con su formación, debido a la falta de oportunidades. La gran mayoría, estan motivados por actualizarse por medio de cursos y capacitaciones. Queda claro que es necesario ampliar las posibilidades académicas de formación para el abordaje de las nuevas metodologías en el área de las actividades físicas con alumnos especiales.

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The present study aimed to identify profiles of adolescents based upon body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions, and to examine whether these profiles differed from each other in terms of their exercise addiction (EA) symptoms. A sample of 703 Brazilian adolescents (41% girls) completed a self-report questionnaire. The results from a two-step cluster analysis identified four profiles: prideful (19.5%), low self-consciousness (31.7%), moderately high self-consciousness (29.2%), and shameful-guilty (19.6%). The prideful profile was characterized by a greater presence of boys, as well as by higher frequency/intensity levels of exercise than the remaining groups. The shameful-guilty profile was characterized by a greater presence of girls and by higher levels of BMI compared to the remaining groups. Regarding EA symptoms, the results from the ANCOVA/MANCOVA analyses revealed that the prideful profile showed (i) higher salience and tolerance levels than the low-level balanced self-consciousness profile, and (ii) higher salience and lower conflict compared to the shameful-guilty profile. Additionally, the moderately high self-consciousness profile showed (i) higher salience and tolerance levels than the low self-consciousness profile, and (ii) higher salience levels than the shameful-guilty profile. Identifying subgroups on the basis of body appearance-related self-conscious emotions contributes to explaining different EA symptoms in adolescents.

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Introduction: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic inflammatory condition in childhood. The long-term morbidity, mortality, and quality of life have improved with the earlier use of disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs) and the availability of biology disease-modifying drugs (bDMARDs). Despite the improvement of treatment, around 50% of the patients reach adulthood with articular and/or extra articular disease activity. A careful planned transition from pediatric to adult care is necessary to reduce the loss of follow-up that is associated with stopping medications, flares, and disability due to untreated arthritis or uveitis.Areas covered: This narrative review provides an overview of the importance of transition in JIA Articles were selected from Pubmed searches.Expert opinion: JIA patients, family, and healthcare workers have to be trained to provide an effective transition plan, based on local and national policies. Important aspects such as expectations, maturation, disease characteristics, disease activity, adherence, disability, and psychological aspects among others have to be considered and addressed during the transition phase to improve self-esteem, self-assurance, and quality of life.

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This study examined the psychometric properties of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale in Brazilian adolescents. A sample of 827 adolescents (55% boys) filled out a questionnaire comprising the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale and instruments assessing social physique anxiety, positive/negative affect, and self-esteem. After removing one item originally proposed for the guilt factor (Item 7), the results supported a 4-factor structure that was invariant across gender and weight status. Evidence supporting the internal consistency, temporal stability, and convergent validity of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale cores were also obtained. These results support the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale as a psychometrically robust instrument to assess body and appearance self-conscious emotions in Brazilian adolescents.

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