RESUMO
The rapid internet penetration in Latin American countries has made it possible to implement digital mental health interventions. "Cuida tu Ánimo" (Take Care of Your Mood) is an internet-based program for the prevention and early intervention of depression in adolescents. A pilot study was conducted in Chile and Colombia to study the feasibility and acceptability of the program and estimate its effects. There were 199 participants (53.3% women; mean age = 14.8 years, SD = 1.0) recruited from two schools in Chile and two schools in Colombia. Qualitative and quantitative methods were applied for data collection and analyses. Although the levels of acceptance were moderate to high across all variables, adherence was lower than expected. The participants deemed important for an intervention of this type offered a higher level of interaction with team members through internet-based and face-to-face activities. Post-intervention outcomes show a reduction in depressive and anxious symptoms in adolescents in Chile, while there were no significant changes in the level of symptomatology in adolescents in Colombia. The women used the program more than the men. Results show the need to improve the intervention by increasing its levels of customization and developing strategies to achieve better adherence. The contradictory results of the program in Chile and Colombia suggest the importance of other variables beyond the content of the intervention, such as the setting or context of the intervention.
Assuntos
Depressão , Internet , Adolescente , Chile , Colômbia , Depressão/prevenção & controle , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Projetos PilotoRESUMO
El determinismo de la infancia acaparó la atención del pensamiento psicoanalítico y opacó el papel crucial de la adolescencia, que el mismo Freud reconocía. Los nuevos planteamientos acerca de la especificidad y la importancia de la adolescencia empiezan a surgir a mediados del siglo XX, apoyados en la práctica clínica con adolescentes desarrollada después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Finalmente la integración del concepto de a posteriori {Nachtrãglichkeit} en estas teorizaciones valida mejor la tesis según la cual las transformaciones psíquicas adolescentes no se reducen a la reactualización de una problemática anterior.
The determinism of childhood captured the attention of psychoanalytic thought and overshadowed the crucial role of adolescence, which Freud himself recognized. New approaches to the specificity and importance of adolescence begin to crop up in the mid-twentieth century, supported in clinical practice with adolescents developed after WWII. Finally the integration of the concept of "afterwards" {Nachtrãglichkeit} in these theories best validates the thesis that adolescent psychic transformations are not confined to the recapitulation of previous problems.
Le déterminisme de l'enfance a attiré l'attention de la pensée psychanalytique et éclipsé le rôle crucial de l'adolescence, même si Freud lui-même reconnaissait celui-ci. De nouvelles approches de la spécificité et de l'importance de l'adolescence commencent à surgir vers la moitié du XXe siècle, étayées sur la pratique clinique avec des adolescents développée après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Enfin l'intégration de la notion de après-coup¼ {Nachtrãglichkeit} dans ces théories permet de mieux valider la thèse daprès laquelle les transformations psychiques des adolescents ne se limitent pas à la réactualisation d'une problématique précédente.