RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Viral hepatitis B (VHB) is an occupational risk for dentists. It is necessary that dental students start clinical practice immunized with the vaccine, response monitored and informed about the means of transmission of the disease. Rarely, there are studies, which evaluate concomitantly knowledge of these academics and their vaccine situation. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the knowledge about Hepatitis B, the vaccine situation and the immunization status of dental students and to investigate the probable correlation between the status of immunization, vaccination membership and adherence to the test of seroconversion and associated factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 189 students from the dentistry course at the Federal University of Piaui (UFPI) who attended from the 3rd to 9th period were invited to participate in the research. Their knowledge about HBV, attitude regarding protection and their vaccine situation were assessed through a self-administered form. Antibodies against surface antigens of Hepatitis B virus (Anti-HBs) and against the antigens of the virus nucleous of Hepatitis B (Anti-HBc total) were measured qualitatively using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Of the 179 students surveyed, 58.1% knew about the degree of virulence of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). As to the means of transmission, 98.3% considered blood transmission, 82.6% plates and cutlery, 15.6% cough and 12.3% vertical transmission. Most students (87.4%) knew that they should take 3 doses of the vaccine and 62.2% completed the immunization schedule. A minority of students (48.6%) knew the about the Anti-HBs test and 5.6% took the test. Among the students who reported having taken three doses of the vaccine, 12.5% were not seroconverted. There was no significant correlation between the variables. CONCLUSIONS: Dental academics were unsure about the means of infection and prevention against HBV. Many of them had not completed the immunization scheme and did not have the test of seroconversion. The serological analysis revealed unprotection, even after students completed the vaccination schedule.
RESUMO
Objetivou-se levantar a prevalência de marcadores sorológicos da Hepatite B em usuários do Laboratório Central do Piauí-Brasil, no período de 2006 a 2009. Trata-se de um levantamento epidemiológico, descritivo, com coleta retrospectiva, realizado em 2010. Dos 69.377 exames analisados, foram diagnosticados 746 casos de Hepatite B aguda. A prevalência foi de 2,0% para o HBsAg, 55% Anti-HBs, 2,5% Anti-HBc IgM, 10% Anti-HBc Total, 48,5% HBeAg. Observou-se predominância do sexo masculino e da faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos nos resultados positivos. As prevalências dos marcadores sorológicos encontradas foram mais altas que as exibidas nos registros oficiais do Estado e Ministério da Saúde, sugerindo a necessidade de revisão dos bancos de dados para correção das inconsistências.
The study surveyed the prevalence of serum markers for Hepatitis B in users of Piauí State Central Laboratory between 2006 and 2009. This descriptive epidemiological study, with retrospective data collection, was conducted in 2010. In the 69,377 tests examined 746 cases of acute Hepatitis B infection were diagnosed. The prevalences were: HBsAg, 2.0%; Anti-HBs, 55%; Anti-HBc (IgM), 2.5%: Anti-HBc (Total), 10%; and HBeAg, 48.5%. Males and the 20-39 year age range predominated in the positive results. The prevalences of serum markers found were higher than those shown in official state and Ministry of Health records, suggesting the need to review the databases to correct shortcomings.
El objetivo fue apurar la prevalencia de marcadores serológicos de Hepatitis B en usuarios del Laboratorio Central del Estado de Piauí-Brasil, en el período 2006 a 2009. Se trata de un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo, con recogida retrospectiva, realizado en 2010. De los 69 377 exámenes analizados fueron diagnosticados 746 casos de infección de Hepatitis B aguda. La prevalencia fue de 2,0% para el HBsAg, 55% Anti-HBs, 2,5% Anti-HBc IgM, 10% Anti-HBc total, 48,5% HBeAg. Se observó predominancia del sexo masculino y de la franja etaria de 20-39 años en los resultados positivos. La prevalencia de marcadores serológicos obtenidos fueron superiores a los indicados en las actas oficiales del Estado y Ministerio de la Salud, lo que sugiere la necesidad de revisar las bases de datos para corregir las inconsistencias.
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Enfermagem em Saúde Pública/métodos , Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Brasil , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Estudos Transversais , Biomarcadores/análise , Testes Sorológicos/enfermagemRESUMO
The present paper reports a laboratory investigation performed between the years of 2000 and 2002 to stydy a virological surveillance program introduced in the state of Piauí to support an epidemiological survey of the disease. Dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) existence in the state was detected in May 2002 when a high number of dengue cases due to DENV-1 and DENV-2 were reported. An assessment on the population knowledge about the disease and its transmission showed that almost 50 percent of the population were still unaware of the epidemiological features of dengue.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Humanos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Masculino , Dengue , Vírus da Dengue , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Dengue , Vírus da Dengue , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The present paper reports a laboratory investigation performed between the years of 2000 and 2002 to study a virological surveillance program introduced in the state of Piauí to support an epidemiological survey of the disease. Dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) existence in the state was detected in May 2002 when a high number of dengue cases due to DENV-1 and DENV-2 were reported. An assessment on the population knowledge about the disease and its transmission showed that almost 50% of the population were still unaware of the epidemiological features of dengue.