RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The obesity and hypertension have become the causes for the development type 2 diabetes. There is a limited study done on the contribution of body mass index (BMI) to blood pressure (BP) in the Caribbean population. Aim of our study was to determine the associations between lipid profile, BMI, adiponectin, and BP in Trinidadian type 2 diabetic patients with regards to age and ethnicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cohort study comprised of 266 subjects (85 males and 181 females) attending primary and tertiary healthcare settings in central Trinidad. Of which, 126 diabetic subjects were matched with 140 non-diabetic subjects. Along with clinical history and anthropometry, adiponectin and lipid profile were measured in fasting blood samples. RESULTS: The diabetic group had higher triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and BP values which were statistically significant (P < 0.05) when compared to non-diabetic subjects. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and adiponectin were lower in diabetic subjects. HDL-c showed significant changes for ethnicity (P = 0.013) and gender (P = 0.043). The mean adiponectin concentrations were found to be significantly different among the ethnic groups (P = 0.001). Systolic pressure varied significantly with age (P = 0.018). As age increased, BP also increased. Ethnic groups had a significant difference in diastolic pressure (P = 0.027). East Indians had the highest mean diastolic pressure (80.74 ± 10.29) when compared to all other ethnic groups. CONCLUSION: HDL-cholesterol, low levels of adiponectin, and varied BP are associated in Trinidadian type 2 diabetic subjects with regards to age, gender, and ethnicity.
Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etnologia , Adiponectina/sangue , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Pressão Sanguínea , Estudos de Casos e Controles , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lipase/sangue , Lipoproteínas VLDL/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship of biochemical parameters, BMI and blood pressure with age, gender and ethnicity of Trinidadian type 2-diabetic subjects. METHODS: A retrospective case control study comprised of 1794 patient (740 males and 1054 females). RESULTS: The correlation was found for lipid profile with age and gender in diabetic subjects. There was a positive significant correlation in LDL-C values for all age groups. Serum creatinine concentrations significantly varied amongst ethnicity (p = 0.02). Of the known ethnicities, East Indians had the highest mean creatinine value (1.00 ± 0.47 mg/dl). The univariate general linear model showed that lipid profile had many associations with gender and ethnicity in type 2 diabetic subjects. LDL-C had significant differences between gender (p = 0.04) and diabetes (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Varied lipid profile with elevated systolic blood pressure and BMI are associated in type 2 diabetic patients with respect to age, gender and ethnicity.
Assuntos
LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Creatinina/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Etnicidade , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Glicemia/análise , Pressão Sanguínea , Índice de Massa Corporal , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , VLDL-Colesterol/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etnologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Trinidad e Tobago/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To study the relationship of dyslipidemia and serum uric acid with the risk of myocardial infarction among the hypertensive type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients of Trinidad. METHODS: Data were obtained from the hospital records of 672 adults who were treated for hypertension in public health clinics in Trinidad. RESULTS: The prevalence of myocardial infarction was 25.45% in the sample. Males accounted for 52.63% while females accounted for 47.37%. Hypertensive type 2 diabetics with dyslipidemia had greater occurrence of MI (23.93%) than non-diabetic hypertensive patients (7.67%) (p=0.008). Useful predictors of MI included: diabetes mellitus, altered lipid profile, family history of any cardiac conditions. On further analysis, hypertension class (p=0.003) and serum uric acid quartile (p=0.029) were also significant predictors of MI. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that there is a greater prevalence of MI in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia than in non-diabetic hypertensive patients in Trinidad.