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Objective: Since acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it presents relevant aspects with regardto the treatment of late reimplanted teeth, and therefore, this is the aim of the present literature review.Data Sources: The databases used were Pubmed and Bireme. Selection of works: was performed usingthe keywords Tooth reimplantation, Dental ankylosis, Acetazolamide and Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.Conclusions: In spite of contemporary guidelines for the treatment of late reimplantation, there is still avery high loss of avulsed teeth due to resorption, particularly by replacement resorption, so that the searchfor new substances or means of treatment is of the utmost importance.

Objetivo: Uma vez que a acetazolamida é uma inibidora da anidrase carbônica, ela apresenta aspectos relevantesquanto ao tratamento de dentes reimplantados tardiamente, justificando assim o objetivo da presenterevisão de literatura. Fontes de dados: as bases de dados utilizados foram Pubmed e Bireme. Seleção dos damtrabalhos:foi realizada por meio das palavras-chave Reimplante dentário, Anquilose dentária, Acetazolamidae Inibidores da anidrase carbônica. Conclusões: Apesar das diretrizes atuais para o tratamento do reimplantetardio, ainda a perda de dentes avulsionados por reabsorção é muito alta, principalmente diante da reabsorçãopor substituição, sendo premente a busca por novas substâncias ou meios de tratamento.

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The accuracy of Root ZX II (J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan) to control the apical extent of rotary canal instrumentation in vivo was assessed. Twenty-four premolars with a single canal were selected. The roots were divided in two groups according to the calibration of the automatic apical reverse mechanism of Root ZX II, set at levels 1 and 2. After endodontic access, the preparation was performed with ProTaper instruments (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) connected to the device. Afterwards, the last file used was introduced into the canal and fixed in place with acrylic resin. The teeth were extracted and ground until exposure of the file. The distance from the instrument tip to the apical foramen was obtained. The percentage of acceptable measurements and the difference between means were submitted to statistical analysis. The differences of setting the reverse mechanism at 1 and 2 were not statistically significant. Both settings were not accurate for determining and controlling the apical extent of rotary instrumentation.

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Introdução: O conhecimento da anatomia interna dos dentes de humanos é um dos fatores determinantes para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico. Algumas alterações anatômicas podem ser encontradas em maior ou menor freqüência durante o tratamento endodôntico, tornando-se importante o seu relato para um melhor entendimento do tema. Objetivo: Neste trabalho será abordado o tratamento proposto para pré-molares superiores com três raízes e três canais. Relato de caso: Avaliaram-se dois casos clínicos, um primeiro pré-molar direito e um primeiro pré-molar esquerdo, além de um primeiro pré-molar superior extraído, apresentando 3 raízes com 3 canais. Conclusão: Apresença de três canais nos pré-molares superiores aumenta a dificuldade de realizar o tratamento endodôntico nesse grupo dental.

Introduction: The knowledge of the internal anatomy of human teeth is one of the determinative factors for the success of the endodontic treatment. Some anatomical alterations can be found in greater or lesser frequency during the endodontic treatment, becoming important its knowledge for one better agreement. Objective: in this study the treatment considered for maxillary premolars teeth with three roots and three roots canals will be showed. Case report: two case report, one right and one left maxillary first premolar and one extracted maxillary premolar presenting three roots and three root canals. Conclusion: The presence of three canals in the maxillary premolars increases the difficulty of the accomplishment of the endodontic treatment in this dental group.

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The prognosis of traumatized teeth in general and of avulsed teeth in particular depends on prompt and appropriate treatment. Management of traumatic injuries may be a challenge to the non-specialized dentist, as they may occur when dentists are least prepared for it. The objective of this research was to investigate the knowledge of general practitioner dentists about the emergency management of dental avulsion in Curitiba, PR, Brazil. A group of 250 professionals were interviewed. The questions were related to knowledge of how to treat traumatic avulsion of teeth. The results suggest that the level of knowledge on the management of dental avulsion of the general practitioners dentists in Curitiba is adequate.

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The cleaning capacity of manual and rotary instrumentation techniques in mesial-distal flattened canals was studied by morphometric analysis. Twenty human mandibular incisors were divided into two groups of 10 teeth each: group 1, crown-down technique with rotary instrumentation using ProFile .04; group 2, crown-down technique with manual instrumentation using K-files. The teeth were evaluated with an optic microscope that was coupled to a computer to determine the percentage of root canal area with debris. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test showed a statistically significant difference at the level of 1% between the techniques. The manual technique was more efficient in cleaning mesial-distal flattened root canals than the rotary technique, although neither completely cleaned the root canal.

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