RESUMO

This study aimed to investigate the pro-apoptotic effects of NSAID (Previcox®) in vitro and in vivo. Two CMT cell lines, one from the primary tumor and one from bone metastasis, were treated with firocoxib and MTT assay was performed to determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value. The firocoxib IC50 for the cell lines UNESP-CM5 and UNESP-MM1 were 25.21 µM and 27.41 µM, respectively. The cell lines were then treated with the respective firocoxib IC50 concentrations and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assay was performed, to detect the induction of apoptosis in both cells (Annexin+/PI+). We conducted an in vivo study involving female dogs affected by CMT and divided them into control and treatment groups. For both groups, a biopsy was performed on day 0 (D0) and a mastectomy was performed on day 14 (D14). In the treatment group, after biopsy on D0, the patients received Previcox® 5 mg/kg PO once a day until mastectomy was performed on D14. COX-2/caspase-3 double immunostaining was performed on samples from D0 and D14, revealing no difference in the control group. In contrast, in the treatment group Previcox® increased the number of COX-2 positive apoptotic cells. Therefore, firocoxib can induce apoptosis in CMT cells in vitro and in vivo, and Previcox® can be a potential neoadjuvant treatment for patients with mammary cancer.

RESUMO

Background: The IMHA is a common cause of anemia in dogs and characterized by direct destruction or phagocytosis of erythrocytes opsonized by IgG, IgM and/or complement. The diagnosis is based on the identification of erythrocytes destruction in the presence of anti-erythrocyte antibodies, producing spherocytes, auto-agglutination, Coombs test or flow cytometry test positive, in addition to anemia and clinical signs of hemolysis. The renal biochemical profile and urinalysis may reveal important changes due to the severity of the kidney demage. The aim of this study were to evaluate the incidence of hematological and renal abnormalities, and the prevalence of immunoglobulins classes involved in IMHA.Materials, Methods & Results: In a total of 87 anemic dogs were selected and tested by Coombs test, flow cytometry (FC), and auto-agglutination, along with CBC, reticulocyte count, renal profile (ureia and creatinine), hemoparasite search in peripheral blood smears, and Ehrlichia sp. and leptospirosis tests. The results were analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney with 5% of significance. Therefore, 61 dogs (70.11%) were positive for IMHA by FC, 31 (35.63%) by Coombs test, and 24 (27.58%) by auto-agglutination. There was not a predominance of IgG or IgM involvement. The hematological and clinical changes in dogs with IMHA included macrocytic, hypochromic regenerative anemia, and r

RESUMO

Background: The IMHA is a common cause of anemia in dogs and characterized by direct destruction or phagocytosis of erythrocytes opsonized by IgG, IgM and/or complement. The diagnosis is based on the identification of erythrocytes destruction in the presence of anti-erythrocyte antibodies, producing spherocytes, auto-agglutination, Coombs test or flow cytometry test positive, in addition to anemia and clinical signs of hemolysis. The renal biochemical profile and urinalysis may reveal important changes due to the severity of the kidney demage. The aim of this study were to evaluate the incidence of hematological and renal abnormalities, and the prevalence of immunoglobulins classes involved in IMHA.Materials, Methods & Results: In a total of 87 anemic dogs were selected and tested by Coombs test, flow cytometry (FC), and auto-agglutination, along with CBC, reticulocyte count, renal profile (ureia and creatinine), hemoparasite search in peripheral blood smears, and Ehrlichia sp. and leptospirosis tests. The results were analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney with 5% of significance. Therefore, 61 dogs (70.11%) were positive for IMHA by FC, 31 (35.63%) by Coombs test, and 24 (27.58%) by auto-agglutination. There was not a predominance of IgG or IgM involvement. The hematological and clinical changes in dogs with IMHA included macrocytic, hypochromic regenerative anemia, and r

RESUMO

Background: The IMHA is a common cause of anemia in dogs and characterized by direct destruction or phagocytosis of erythrocytes opsonized by IgG, IgM and/or complement. The diagnosis is based on the identification of erythrocytes destruction in the presence of anti-erythrocyte antibodies, producing spherocytes, auto-agglutination, Coombs test or flow cytometry test positive, in addition to anemia and clinical signs of hemolysis. The renal biochemical profile and urinalysis may reveal important changes due to the severity of the kidney demage. The aim of this study were to evaluate the incidence of hematological and renal abnormalities, and the prevalence of immunoglobulins classes involved in IMHA.Materials, Methods & Results: In a total of 87 anemic dogs were selected and tested by Coombs test, flow cytometry (FC), and auto-agglutination, along with CBC, reticulocyte count, renal profile (ureia and creatinine), hemoparasite search in peripheral blood smears, and Ehrlichia sp. and leptospirosis tests. The results were analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney with 5% of significance. Therefore, 61 dogs (70.11%) were positive for IMHA by FC, 31 (35.63%) by Coombs test, and 24 (27.58%) by auto-agglutination. There was not a predominance of IgG or IgM involvement. The hematological and clinical changes in dogs with IMHA included macrocytic, hypochromic regenerative anemia, and r

RESUMO

Background: The IMHA is a common cause of anemia in dogs and characterized by direct destruction or phagocytosis of erythrocytes opsonized by IgG, IgM and/or complement. The diagnosis is based on the identification of erythrocytes destruction in the presence of anti-erythrocyte antibodies, producing spherocytes, auto-agglutination, Coombs test or flow cytometry test positive, in addition to anemia and clinical signs of hemolysis. The renal biochemical profile and urinalysis may reveal important changes due to the severity of the kidney demage. The aim of this study were to evaluate the incidence of hematological and renal abnormalities, and the prevalence of immunoglobulins classes involved in IMHA.Materials, Methods & Results: In a total of 87 anemic dogs were selected and tested by Coombs test, flow cytometry (FC), and auto-agglutination, along with CBC, reticulocyte count, renal profile (ureia and creatinine), hemoparasite search in peripheral blood smears, and Ehrlichia sp. and leptospirosis tests. The results were analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney with 5% of significance. Therefore, 61 dogs (70.11%) were positive for IMHA by FC, 31 (35.63%) by Coombs test, and 24 (27.58%) by auto-agglutination. There was not a predominance of IgG or IgM involvement. The hematological and clinical changes in dogs with IMHA included macrocytic, hypochromic regenerative anemia, and r

RESUMO

Background: The IMHA is a common cause of anemia in dogs and characterized by direct destruction or phagocytosis of erythrocytes opsonized by IgG, IgM and/or complement. The diagnosis is based on the identification of erythrocytes destruction in the presence of anti-erythrocyte antibodies, producing spherocytes, auto-agglutination, Coombs test or flow cytometry test positive, in addition to anemia and clinical signs of hemolysis. The renal biochemical profile and urinalysis may reveal important changes due to the severity of the kidney demage. The aim of this study were to evaluate the incidence of hematological and renal abnormalities, and the prevalence of immunoglobulins classes involved in IMHA.Materials, Methods & Results: In a total of 87 anemic dogs were selected and tested by Coombs test, flow cytometry (FC), and auto-agglutination, along with CBC, reticulocyte count, renal profile (ureia and creatinine), hemoparasite search in peripheral blood smears, and Ehrlichia sp. and leptospirosis tests. The results were analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney with 5% of significance. Therefore, 61 dogs (70.11%) were positive for IMHA by FC, 31 (35.63%) by Coombs test, and 24 (27.58%) by auto-agglutination. There was not a predominance of IgG or IgM involvement. The hematological and clinical changes in dogs with IMHA included macrocytic, hypochromic regenerative anemia, and r

RESUMO

Background: The IMHA is a common cause of anemia in dogs and characterized by direct destruction or phagocytosis of erythrocytes opsonized by IgG, IgM and/or complement. The diagnosis is based on the identification of erythrocytes destruction in the presence of anti-erythrocyte antibodies, producing spherocytes, auto-agglutination, Coombs test or flow cytometry test positive, in addition to anemia and clinical signs of hemolysis. The renal biochemical profile and urinalysis may reveal important changes due to the severity of the kidney demage. The aim of this study were to evaluate the incidence of hematological and renal abnormalities, and the prevalence of immunoglobulins classes involved in IMHA.Materials, Methods & Results: In a total of 87 anemic dogs were selected and tested by Coombs test, flow cytometry (FC), and auto-agglutination, along with CBC, reticulocyte count, renal profile (ureia and creatinine), hemoparasite search in peripheral blood smears, and Ehrlichia sp. and leptospirosis tests. The results were analyzed by t test or Mann-Whitney with 5% of significance. Therefore, 61 dogs (70.11%) were positive for IMHA by FC, 31 (35.63%) by Coombs test, and 24 (27.58%) by auto-agglutination. There was not a predominance of IgG or IgM involvement. The hematological and clinical changes in dogs with IMHA included macrocytic, hypochromic regenerative anemia, and r

RESUMO

Aplastic bone marrow (also known as aplastic anemia) is relatively rare in small animals. It is characterized by pancytopenia in the peripheral blood and a three linage bone marrow hypoplasia (erythroid, myeloid and megakaryocytic), resulting in hematopoietic cells replacement by fat tissue. Aplastic bone marrow can also be classified as acute or chronic, according to its presentation and evolution of the cytopenias in the peripheral blood. Among the causes for aplastic bone marrow that lead to stem cells or progenitor cells damage there are the infectious diseases, drugs, toxins and radiation. There are some cases where it is not possible to identify its origin. Then, the aplasia is defined as idiopathic by exclusion. For such diagnosis, it is necessary to rule out other causes of pancytopenia associated to myelophtisis, such as leukemias and myelofibrosis, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myelonecrosis, pure red cell aplasia and hemophagocytic syndrome. Bone marrow aspirate biopsies are performed more frequently than core biopsies in veterinary medicine, and it is fundamental to evaluate alterations of bone marrow. Bone marrow core biopsy provides a more accurate way of evaluating marrow cellularity and examining for metastatic neoplasia. Besides the therapy directed to the primary causes, aplastic bone marrow treatment is limited and the prognosis is usually unfavourable.

A aplasia medular (também conhecida como anemia aplásica) é relativamente rara em cães e gatos e caracteriza-se por uma pancitopenia em sangue periférico e uma hipoplasia dos três tipos celulares (eritróide, mielóide e megacariocítica) na medula óssea, resultando na substituição do tecido hematopoiético por tecido adiposo. Existe ainda uma classificação de acordo com a apresentação e evolução das citopenias em sangue periférico e hipoplasia medular, caracterizando a aplasia como aguda ou crônica. Dentre as causas de aplasia medular, resultante da destruição das células tronco ou das células progenitoras, incluem-se as de origem infecciosa, induzidas por drogas, associadas a toxinas e radiação. Existem alguns casos nos quais a causa não é bem estabelecida, no entanto, a aplasia é definida como idiopática por exclusão. Para tal diagnóstico é necessária a exclusão de outras causas de pancitopenias, como as associadas à mielofitise como leucemias e mielofibrose, síndrome mielodisplásica (SMD), mielonecrose, aplasia pura da série vermelha e síndrome hemofagocítica. A punção aspirativa de medula óssea é realizada com maior freqüência do que a biópsia medular e é fundamental para avaliações de alterações medulares, sendo que a biópsia medular é uma forma mais acurada para avaliação de celularidade e metástase medulares. Além de terapias específicas relacionas a causa primária, o trata

RESUMO

Aplastic bone marrow (also known as aplastic anemia) is relatively rare in small animals. It is characterized by pancytopenia in the peripheral blood and a three linage bone marrow hypoplasia (erythroid, myeloid and megakaryocytic), resulting in hematopoietic cells replacement by fat tissue. Aplastic bone marrow can also be classified as acute or chronic, according to its presentation and evolution of the cytopenias in the peripheral blood. Among the causes for aplastic bone marrow that lead to stem cells or progenitor cells damage there are the infectious diseases, drugs, toxins and radiation. There are some cases where it is not possible to identify its origin. Then, the aplasia is defined as idiopathic by exclusion. For such diagnosis, it is necessary to rule out other causes of pancytopenia associated to myelophtisis, such as leukemias and myelofibrosis, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myelonecrosis, pure red cell aplasia and hemophagocytic syndrome. Bone marrow aspirate biopsies are performed more frequently than core biopsies in veterinary medicine, and it is fundamental to evaluate alterations of bone marrow. Bone marrow core biopsy provides a more accurate way of evaluating marrow cellularity and examining for metastatic neoplasia. Besides the therapy directed to the primary causes, aplastic bone marrow treatment is limited and the prognosis is usually unfavourable.

A aplasia medular (também conhecida como anemia aplásica) é relativamente rara em cães e gatos e caracteriza-se por uma pancitopenia em sangue periférico e uma hipoplasia dos três tipos celulares (eritróide, mielóide e megacariocítica) na medula óssea, resultando na substituição do tecido hematopoiético por tecido adiposo. Existe ainda uma classificação de acordo com a apresentação e evolução das citopenias em sangue periférico e hipoplasia medular, caracterizando a aplasia como aguda ou crônica. Dentre as causas de aplasia medular, resultante da destruição das células tronco ou das células progenitoras, incluem-se as de origem infecciosa, induzidas por drogas, associadas a toxinas e radiação. Existem alguns casos nos quais a causa não é bem estabelecida, no entanto, a aplasia é definida como idiopática por exclusão. Para tal diagnóstico é necessária a exclusão de outras causas de pancitopenias, como as associadas à mielofitise como leucemias e mielofibrose, síndrome mielodisplásica (SMD), mielonecrose, aplasia pura da série vermelha e síndrome hemofagocítica. A punção aspirativa de medula óssea é realizada com maior freqüência do que a biópsia medular e é fundamental para avaliações de alterações medulares, sendo que a biópsia medular é uma forma mais acurada para avaliação de celularidade e metástase medulares. Além de terapias específicas relacionas a causa primária, o trata