RESUMO
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of rhabdiasid nematodes in recently captured Crotalus durissus terrificus snakes from São Paulo State, Brazil. Fifty snakes (34 males and 16 females) were studied and each one was evaluated for the presence of that nematode at the moment of receipt at the Institution and after 90 days of quarantine inside individual cages. Tracheopulmonary washeswere examined. Snakes that died during quarantine underwent necropsy and lung examination. Analysis of the results obtained at the two evaluation times (0 and 90 days), in addition to the data obtained during necropsies, showed that 44% (18 males and 4 females) of the C. d. terrificus snakes were naturally infected by rhabdiasid nematodes. These data demonstrate the parasitism level in natural conditions and are important for the sanitary handling of these reptiles in captivity.
RESUMO
Diversas espécies de micoplasmas são responsáveis por casos e surtos de mastite em rebanhos leiteiros de todo o mundo. No Brasil, o primeiro relato de mastite por micoplasma deu-se apenas em 1996 e ainda pouco se sabe sobre sua importância nos casos nacionais dessa afecção. Os micoplasmas são agentes altamente contagiosos, sendo que o seu controle depende da detecção e da posterior eliminação da vaca acometida. Neste estudo, que foi realizado na região centro-oeste do Estado de São Paulo, 101 e 121 amostras de secreção láctea provenientes, respectivamente, de vacas com mastite aguda e de casos subclínicos foram inoculadas em meio Hayflick modificado. Todas as amostras de leite foram submetidas à análise molecular, por meio da técnica de PCR, para o primer genérico de Mycoplasma. As amostras foram negativas para micoplasma no meio de Hayflick modificado e na técnica de PCR. KEY-WORDS: Mastite. Micoplasma. PCR.
Many species of mycoplasmas account for cases and outbreaks of mastitis in dairy herds worldwide. Mastitis due to mycoplasma in Brazil was first reported only in 1996, and its real importance in the national cases of the disease is unknown. Mycoplasmas are highly contagious agents and its control depends on sick cow detection and slaughtering. In this study, which was carried out in mid-western region of São Paulo State, Brazil, 101 and 121 samples of lacteal secretion derived from acute clinical mastitic cows and subclinical cases, respectively, were inoculated in modified Hayflick mediums. Also, all the samples underwent a molecular analysis by PCR technique with Mycoplasma genus specific primers. All samples were negative for Mycoplasma in the Hayflick modified medium, as well as in the PCR.KEY-WORDS: Mastitis. Mycoplasma. PCR.
RESUMO
Diversas espécies de micoplasmas são responsáveis por casos e surtos de mastite em rebanhos leiteiros de todo o mundo. No Brasil, o primeiro relato de mastite por micoplasma deu-se apenas em 1996 e ainda pouco se sabe sobre sua importância nos casos nacionais dessa afecção. Os micoplasmas são agentes altamente contagiosos, sendo que o seu controle depende da detecção e da posterior eliminação da vaca acometida. Neste estudo, que foi realizado na região centro-oeste do Estado de São Paulo, 101 e 121 amostras de secreção láctea provenientes, respectivamente, de vacas com mastite aguda e de casos subclínicos foram inoculadas em meio Hayflick modificado. Todas as amostras de leite foram submetidas à análise molecular, por meio da técnica de PCR, para o primer genérico de Mycoplasma. As amostras foram negativas para micoplasma no meio de Hayflick modificado e na técnica de PCR. KEY-WORDS: Mastite. Micoplasma. PCR.
Many species of mycoplasmas account for cases and outbreaks of mastitis in dairy herds worldwide. Mastitis due to mycoplasma in Brazil was first reported only in 1996, and its real importance in the national cases of the disease is unknown. Mycoplasmas are highly contagious agents and its control depends on sick cow detection and slaughtering. In this study, which was carried out in mid-western region of São Paulo State, Brazil, 101 and 121 samples of lacteal secretion derived from acute clinical mastitic cows and subclinical cases, respectively, were inoculated in modified Hayflick mediums. Also, all the samples underwent a molecular analysis by PCR technique with Mycoplasma genus specific primers. All samples were negative for Mycoplasma in the Hayflick modified medium, as well as in the PCR.KEY-WORDS: Mastitis. Mycoplasma. PCR.