RESUMO

Satellite DNA (satDNA) consists of tandem repeat sequences that typically evolve rapidly through evolutionary mechanisms, including unequal crossover, transposition events, and others. The evolutionary history of Euchroma gigantea is marked by complex chromosomal evolution between lineages, making this species an interesting model for understanding satDNA evolution at intraspecies level. Therefore, our aim was to comprehend the potential contribution of satDNAs to the greater chromosomal differentiation of evolutionary lineages in E. gigantea by investigating the differential patterns of amplification and contraction of the repeats. To achieve this, we employed de novo identification of satDNA using RepeatExplorer and TAREAN, allowing the satellitome characterization between lineages. A total of 26 satDNA families were identified, ranging from 18 to 1101 nucleotides in length, with most families being shared between individuals/lineages, as predicted by the library hypothesis, except for the satDNA EgiSat21-168 that was absent for Northeast Lineage. The total satDNA content of the individuals was less than 11.2%, and it appeared to increase in two directions following the chromosomal evolution model. Thirteen satDNAs exhibited different patterns of amplification, and nine ones were contracted among individuals. Additionally, most repeats showed a divergence of about 10% for these satDNAs, indicating satellitome differentiation for each lineage/individual. This scenario suggests that the expansion of the satellitome occurred differentially among individuals/lineages of E. gigantea, with the contribution of various DNA turnover mechanisms after geographical isolation, and that they could be involved with karyotype evolution.

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Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile repetitive DNA sequences that can transfer horizontally between species. Due to their mutagenic characteristics, TEs are associated with different evolutionary events, including chromosomal rearrangements that are abundant in the beetle Euchroma gigantea. In order to understand more in depth the impact of TEs on the genomic evolution of E. gigantea, we characterized the E. gigantea mobilome and evaluated the horizontal transfer of Tc1-Mariner elements. Genomic sequencing data was generated on the Illumina Hiseq plataform, from a specimen (Northeast lineage) collected in Recife, Pernambuco - Brazil. The TEs were characterized by two independent approaches based on the clustering and assembly of highly repetitive sequences, the RepeatExplorer and dnaPipeTE. The sequences obtained were further characterized using ORFfinder and CD-Search, to obtain the TEs' potential coding proteins and verify the presence and integrity of known TE domains. Evidence for horizontal transfer was evaluated by nucleotide and protein genetic distance between TEs from E. gigantea and other species and phylogenetic incongruences detected between TEs and hosts phylogenetic trees. The mobilome of E. gigantea represents about 21 to 26% of its genome. This mobilome is composed of TEs from 31 superfamilies, belonging to different classes and most known orders of TEs. Several types of TEs with intact domains were observed with emphasis on Tc1-Mariner suggesting the presence of potentially autonomous elements. This superfamily also stands out for having the greatest abundance and diversity, with TEs being classified into four families. When compared to TEs deposited in databases, Mariner TEs stood out as having the highest nucleotide identity (above 90%) with TEs from phylogenetically distant species, such as ants and bees. Altogether these results suggest that E. gigantea Mariner TEs underwent multiple horizontal transfer events to other insect species.

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Several diseases have been reported as affecting endangered wild sea turtle population worldwide, including spirorchiidiasis. This parasitic infection results in serious circulatory disorders in sea turtles, as well as tissue damage due to the presence of spirorchiids eggs. However, few reports of organs severely affected by tissue replacement caused by granulomatous inflammatory processes due to spirorchiidiasis in sea turtles are available. In this regard, this study describes massive lesions in 16 juvenile green turtles from southeastern Brazil presenting no other detectable diseases or injuries, associated to parasitic compression of air spaces, parasitic thyroid atrophy, parasitic encephalic compression and parasitic splenic lymphoid depletion. These rare injuries were categorized as extremely severe, affecting most spirorchiidiasis-infected organs. Spirorchiidiasis was, thus, noted herein as capable of causing a variety of lethal injuries to vital or extremely important organs in sea turtles. Spirorchiidiasis should, therefore, also be considered a potential cause of death in stranded green sea turtle monitoring efforts.

RESUMO

The sporotrichosis is an endemic disease with cosmopolitan distribution, caused by the fungi Sporothrix schenckiicomplex, which affects animals and humans. In Brazil, sporotrichosis is an emerging zoonosis, recently included in the National List of Compulsory Notification of diseases, injuries and events in public health issued by the Ministry of Health. The present study aimed to analyze clinical and epidemiological aspects of sporotrichosis in cats and dogs in the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ. For this study, 805 animal patients with suspected lesions of sporotrichosis were included, i.e., 749 cats and 56 dogs, and they were attended at the Veterinary Hospital/Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF). The results showed that 76.37% of the cats were positive for sporotrichosis, with a higher proportion of males. Regarding the dogs, 41.07% were positive for the disease, and among these animals, 45.45% of the females and 34.78% of the males were positive for sporotrichosis. It was observed that 77.40% of the cats could roam freely in the peridomestic area and 72.20% were not neutered. The results showed that both cats and dogs that were not neutered and could roam freely in the peridomestic area were more susceptible to be affected by sporotrichosis.(AU)

A esporotricose é uma doença endêmica de distribuição cosmopolita, causada por fungos do complexo Sporothrix schenckii, que afeta animais e humanos. No Brasil, a esporotricose apresenta-se como uma zoonose emergente, recentemente incluída na Lista Nacional de Notificação Compulsória de doenças, agravos e eventos de saúde pública emitida pelo Ministério da Saúde. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar aspectos da doença, como a espécie, o sexo, a idade e as condições de criação, relacionando a predisposição destes a esporotricose, no Município de Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro. Para este estudo, foram incluídos 805 pacientes com lesões suspeitas de esporotricose, sendo 749 felinos e 56 caninos, atendidos no Hospital Veterinário/UENF. Os resultados mostraram que 76,37% dos felinos eram positivos para a esporotricose, sendo a maior proporção de machos. Entre os pacientes caninos, 41,07% eram positivos para a doença, e destes 45,45% das fêmeas e 34,78% dos machos foram positivos para esporotricose. Foi observado que 77,40% dos felinos possuíam acesso ao perido-micílio e 72,20% não eram castrados. Os resultados mostraram que tanto felinos quanto caninos não castrados e com livre acesso ao peridomicílio são mais propensos a contaminação por esporotricose.(AU)

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Intracranial lipomatous hamartomas are considered a non-invasive, benign lesion formed by well-differentiated adipocytes with or without capsules. A necropsy of an ewe presenting apathy, hypokinesis, anorexia, and adipsia revealed a soft, whitish, oval, pendular nodule approximately 6 mm long in the bulb region, located in the pontocerebellum. Histopathological assessments revealed a benign lesion formed mainly by well-differentiated adipocytes, fibrocytes, myelinated nervous fibers, and skeletal striated muscle, characterizing an intracranial lipomatous hamartoma. This is the first report of this condition in sheep.

O hamartoma lipomatoso intracraniano é considerado uma lesão benigna não invasiva formada por adipócitos bem diferenciados com ou sem cápsulas. A necropsia de uma ovelha com apatia, hipocinesia, anorexia e adipsia revelou um nódulo pendular oval, macio, esbranquiçado, de aproximadamente 6 mm de comprimento na região do bulbo, localizado no pontocerebelo. A histopatologia revelou lesão proliferativa formada principalmente por adipócitos bem diferenciados, fibrócitos, fibras nervosas mielinizadas e músculo estriado esquelético caracterizando hamartoma lipomatoso intracraniano. Este é o primeiro relato da condição em ovelhas.

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The grasshopper Rhammatocerus brasiliensis shows polymorphism of B chromosomes, but the magnitude of B-chromosome occurrence and the factors that may contribute to their dispersion in the species remain unknown thus far. The present study analyzed the occurrence and dispersion of B chromosomes in R. brasiliensis individuals from 21 populations widely distributed in the Brazilian Northeast. The genetic connectivity between 10 populations was verified through analysis of ISSR markers from 200 individuals. Of the 21 populations, 19 presented individuals with one B chromosome, three with two, and one with three B chromosomes. The B chromosome is of medium size and constitutive heterochromatin (CH) located in the pericentromeric region. A variant B chromosome was observed in three populations, similar in size to that of chromosome X, gap and CH, and located in the terminal region. B chromosome frequencies in different populations varied from 0% to 18,8%, mean 8,5%. The wide distribution of the B chromosome is likely a consequence of the positive gene flow among the analyzed populations. B-chromosome occurrence in populations of R. brasiliensis possibly follows the population genetic structure of the species and, owing to the existence of a variant, its origin may not be recent.

RESUMO

Mastitis represents an important health problem for Santa Inês breed, causing losses to the producer, due to loss of ewes or the decrease in weight gain of lambs. The aim of this work was to assess the health of the mammary gland of Santa Inês ewes at the drying and puerperium and to investigate the efficacy of a dry-off therapy with gentamicin. In this study, 64 ewes were divided in a control group (GC) and treatment group (GT), and the health of the mammary gland was assessed at the drying and puerperium. The GT ewes received 250mg of gentamicin (Gentocin® DryCow/Schering-Plough, product indicated for use in dairy cows) in each mammary half. For diagnosis, clinical examination, California Mastitis Test, somatic cell count and milk culture was performed. In the GC, of the 45 (70.3%) healthy mammary halves at the drying, 12 developed subclinical mastitis and nine clinical mastitis at the puerperium. In the GT, among 51 (79.7%) healthy mammary halves at the drying, six developed subclinical mastitis and 11 clinical mastitis at the puerperium. No association was observed between treatment and the occurrence of mastitis at puerperium. Of the 19 (29.7%) mammary halves of the GC that presented subclinical mastitis at the drying, three remained with subclinical mastitis and five developed clinical mastitis at the puerperium. In the GT, of the 13 (20.3%) mammary halves that had subclinical mastitis at the drying, four remained with subclinical mastitis and four developed clinical mastitis. No association was observed between treatment and cure or persistence of mastitis at the puerperium. The main microorganisms isolated, at the drying and puerperium, from animals with subclinical or clinical mastitis were Staphylococcus spp., predominantly coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CSN). At the puerperium, 29 cases of clinical mastitis occurred, 19 with isolation, where 10 were CNS and six S. aureus. Mannheimia haemolytica was isolated in one case of subclinical mastitis and other of clinical mastitis. News protocols and different ways of handling at drying and at puerperium must be investigated.(AU)

A mastite é um problema sanitário importante em ovelhas da raça Santa Inês, ocasionando prejuízo ao produtor em virtude do descarte de matrizes e da queda no ganho de peso dos cordeiros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a saúde da glândula mamária de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês na secagem e no puerpério e pesquisar a eficácia da terapia intramamária com gentamicina na secagem. Sessenta e quatro ovelhas foram divididas em grupos controle (GC) e tratamento (GT), cada um contendo 32 animais, e a saúde da glândula mamária avaliada na secagem e no puerpério. As ovelhas do GT receberam 250mg de gentamicina (Gentocin® Mastite Vaca Seca/ Schering-Plough Veterinária, produto indicado pela empresa para utilização em vacas de leite) em cada metade mamária. Para o diagnóstico, foram realizados exame físico da glândula mamária, California Mastitis Test, contagem de células somáticas e cultura do leite. No GC, das 45 (70,3%) metades mamárias sadias na secagem, 12 desenvolveram mastite subclínica e nove mastite clínica no puerpério. No GT, das 51 (79,7%) metades mamárias sadias na secagem, seis desenvolveram mastite subclínica e 11 mastite clínica no puerpério. Não houve associação entre o tratamento e a ocorrência de mastite no puerpério. Das 19 (29,7%) metades mamárias do GC que apresentaram mastite subclínica na secagem, três permaneceram com mastite subclínica e cinco desenvolveram mastite clínica no puerpério. No GT, das 13 (20,3%) metades mamárias com mastite subclínica na secagem, quatro permaneceram com mastite subclínica e quatro desenvolveram mastite clínica. Não houve associação entre o tratamento e a cura ou persistência da mastite no puerpério. Os principais micro-organismos isolados, na secagem e puerpério, de animais com mastite subclínica ou clínica foram Staphylococcus spp., com predominância de Staphylococcus Coagulase Negativa (SCN). No puerpério, ocorreram 29 casos de mastite clínica, sendo 19 com isolamento, 10 com SCN e seis com S. aureus. Mannheimia haemolytica foi isolado em um caso de mastite subclínica e um caso de mastite clínica. Novos protocolos e diferentes formas de manejo na secagem e no puerpério devem ser pesquisados.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Mastitis represents an important health problem for Santa Inês breed, causing losses to the producer, due to loss of ewes or the decrease in weight gain of lambs. The aim of this work was to assess the health of the mammary gland of Santa Inês ewes at the drying and puerperium and to investigate the efficacy of a dry-off therapy with gentamicin. In this study, 64 ewes were divided in a control group (GC) and treatment group (GT), and the health of the mammary gland was assessed at the drying and puerperium. The GT ewes received 250mg of gentamicin (Gentocin® DryCow/Schering-Plough, product indicated for use in dairy cows) in each mammary half. For diagnosis, clinical examination, California Mastitis Test, somatic cell count and milk culture was performed. In the GC, of the 45 (70.3%) healthy mammary halves at the drying, 12 developed subclinical mastitis and nine clinical mastitis at the puerperium. In the GT, among 51 (79.7%) healthy mammary halves at the drying, six developed subclinical mastitis and 11 clinical mastitis at the puerperium. No association was observed between treatment and the occurrence of mastitis at puerperium. Of the 19 (29.7%) mammary halves of the GC that presented subclinical mastitis at the drying, three remained with subclinical mastitis and five developed clinical mastitis at the puerperium. In the GT, of the 13 (20.3%) mammary halves that had subclinical mastitis at the drying, four remained with subclinical mastitis and four developed clinical mastitis. No association was observed between treatment and cure or persistence of mastitis at the puerperium. The main microorganisms isolated, at the drying and puerperium, from animals with subclinical or clinical mastitis were Staphylococcus spp., predominantly coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CSN). At the puerperium, 29 cases of clinical mastitis occurred, 19 with isolation, where 10 were CNS and six S. aureus. Mannheimia haemolytica was isolated in one case of subclinical mastitis and other of clinical mastitis. News protocols and different ways of handling at drying and at puerperium must be investigated.(AU)

A mastite é um problema sanitário importante em ovelhas da raça Santa Inês, ocasionando prejuízo ao produtor em virtude do descarte de matrizes e da queda no ganho de peso dos cordeiros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a saúde da glândula mamária de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês na secagem e no puerpério e pesquisar a eficácia da terapia intramamária com gentamicina na secagem. Sessenta e quatro ovelhas foram divididas em grupos controle (GC) e tratamento (GT), cada um contendo 32 animais, e a saúde da glândula mamária avaliada na secagem e no puerpério. As ovelhas do GT receberam 250mg de gentamicina (Gentocin® Mastite Vaca Seca/ Schering-Plough Veterinária, produto indicado pela empresa para utilização em vacas de leite) em cada metade mamária. Para o diagnóstico, foram realizados exame físico da glândula mamária, California Mastitis Test, contagem de células somáticas e cultura do leite. No GC, das 45 (70,3%) metades mamárias sadias na secagem, 12 desenvolveram mastite subclínica e nove mastite clínica no puerpério. No GT, das 51 (79,7%) metades mamárias sadias na secagem, seis desenvolveram mastite subclínica e 11 mastite clínica no puerpério. Não houve associação entre o tratamento e a ocorrência de mastite no puerpério. Das 19 (29,7%) metades mamárias do GC que apresentaram mastite subclínica na secagem, três permaneceram com mastite subclínica e cinco desenvolveram mastite clínica no puerpério. No GT, das 13 (20,3%) metades mamárias com mastite subclínica na secagem, quatro permaneceram com mastite subclínica e quatro desenvolveram mastite clínica. Não houve associação entre o tratamento e a cura ou persistência da mastite no puerpério. Os principais micro-organismos isolados, na secagem e puerpério, de animais com mastite subclínica ou clínica foram Staphylococcus spp., com predominância de Staphylococcus Coagulase Negativa (SCN). No puerpério, ocorreram 29 casos de mastite clínica, sendo 19 com isolamento, 10 com SCN e seis com S. aureus. Mannheimia haemolytica foi isolado em um caso de mastite subclínica e um caso de mastite clínica. Novos protocolos e diferentes formas de manejo na secagem e no puerpério devem ser pesquisados.(AU)

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RESUMO

Anthelmintic resistance is a serious problem for the control of equine gastrointestinal nematodes. In the present survey, 173 third stage larvae of cyathostomins were investigated from three different locations for the presence of the resistant genotype at codon 167 of the beta-tubulin gene, as this is the most prevalent mutation. The larvae from the state of Parana (n=67), Sao Paulo (n=54) and Santa Catarina (n=52), showed 61.2; 31.5 and 38.5% of the heterozygous resistant genotype - TTC/TAC, respectively. An unpublished mutation at codon 172 that results in a serine (S) to threonine (T) substitution was found in 17.9% (12/67) of samples from Parana; and 13.0% (7/54) of samples from Sao Paulo. We have compared the molecular diagnostic with the fecal egg count data (R2=-0.79) from the same farms, and consider that the use of routine molecular diagnostic in individual larva may help to determine the population genetic distribution that is associated with drug failure.

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RESUMO

fungos patogênicos das espécies Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococcus gattii podem ser encontrados no meio ambiente em guano de pombos, solo com excrementos de pombos e pássaros, além de matéria vegetal de árvores. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a presença das espécies patogênicas de Cryptococcus em solo com excrementos de pombos, solo com matéria vegetal e em madeira em decomposição de partes ocas de árvores existentes em lugares públicos da cidade de Londrina, PR. Trinta locais foram selecionados dentre praças, parques e ruas da região central da cidade onde amostras foram coletadas de: solo com excretas de pombos (n=120), solo com matéria vegetal da base das árvores (n=120) e swab de matéria vegetal em decomposição de partes ocas de árvores, no período de junho de 2009 a março de 2010. As coletas abrangeram três estações do ano: inverno, primavera e verão, nesse período 360 amostras foram obtidas e analisadas em quatro diferentes etapas. As espécies foram identificadas por meio de análise microscópica da cultura e crescimento em meios seletivos. Um total de cinco amostras foi positivo para Cryptococcus spp. (1,38%), três amostras foram identificadas como C. neoformans (0,84%), duas amostras de solo com excrementos de pombos e uma amostra vegetal do solo. As amostras eram provenientes de um parque, uma rua e uma praça localizados na área central de Londrina. C. gattii foi isolado das outras duas amostras (0,54%), uma em solo com excrementos de pombos e outra em amostra de matéria vegetal do solo obtida de dois parques da cidade localizados em área desprotegida contra insolação e chuvas. Não foi obtido isolamento de Cryptococcus spp. das 120 amostras de swab de madeira em decomposição de partes ocas das 12 espécies de árvores amostradas. Os resultados das análises do meio ambiente confirmaram a ocorrência das espécies patogênicas Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococcus gattii em locais onde a população suscetível de humanos e animais podem ser expostos aos propágulos infecciosos dos fungos.(AU)

The pathogenic fungi of the species Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii could be found in the environment on pigeon guano, soil with pigeon and bird excreta and vegetable material from trees. The aim of this study was analyze the presence of the Cryptococcus pathogenic species on soil with pigeon excreta, soil with vegetable material and decayed wood of trunk hollows of trees from public places in the city of Londrina, PR. Thirty public places were selected from squares, parks and streets in the city centre where samples were collected from: soil with pigeon excreta (n=120), soil with vegetable material (n=120) and decayed wood of trunk hollows of trees (n=120), during June 2009 until March 2010. These collect comprised the seasons: winter, spring and summer, during this period 360 samples were obtained and analyzed in four different times. The species were identified by means of microscopic analysis from culture and their rising on selective medium. A total of five samples were positive to Cryptococcus spp. (1,38%) three were positive to Cryptococcus neoformans (0,84%) in two samples of soil with pigeon excreta, the other one on soil with vegetable material. The samples were originated from a park, a street and a square, placed in the city centre area of Londrina. Cryptococcus gattii was isolated from two samples (0,54%), one in soil with pigeon excreta and another in vegetable material obtained from the soil of two parks that were not protected against sunshine and rain. Cryptococcus spp. was not isolated in none of the 120 swabs samples of decayed wood trunk hollows from the 12 species of trees sampled. The results of the analyses from the environment confirmed the occurrence of the pathogenic species Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococcus gattii in places were the human and animal susceptible populations could be exposure to infectious fungi propagators.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

fungos patogênicos das espécies Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococcus gattii podem ser encontrados no meio ambiente em guano de pombos, solo com excrementos de pombos e pássaros, além de matéria vegetal de árvores. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a presença das espécies patogênicas de Cryptococcus em solo com excrementos de pombos, solo com matéria vegetal e em madeira em decomposição de partes ocas de árvores existentes em lugares públicos da cidade de Londrina, PR. Trinta locais foram selecionados dentre praças, parques e ruas da região central da cidade onde amostras foram coletadas de: solo com excretas de pombos (n=120), solo com matéria vegetal da base das árvores (n=120) e swab de matéria vegetal em decomposição de partes ocas de árvores, no período de junho de 2009 a março de 2010. As coletas abrangeram três estações do ano: inverno, primavera e verão, nesse período 360 amostras foram obtidas e analisadas em quatro diferentes etapas. As espécies foram identificadas por meio de análise microscópica da cultura e crescimento em meios seletivos. Um total de cinco amostras foi positivo para Cryptococcus spp. (1,38%), três amostras foram identificadas como C. neoformans (0,84%), duas amostras de solo com excrementos de pombos e uma amostra vegetal do solo. As amostras eram provenientes de um parque, uma rua e uma praça localizados na área central de Londrina. C. gattii foi isolado das outras duas amostras (0,54%), uma em solo com excrementos de pombos e outra em amostra de matéria vegetal do solo obtida de dois parques da cidade localizados em área desprotegida contra insolação e chuvas. Não foi obtido isolamento de Cryptococcus spp. das 120 amostras de swab de madeira em decomposição de partes ocas das 12 espécies de árvores amostradas. Os resultados das análises do meio ambiente confirmaram a ocorrência das espécies patogênicas Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococcus gattii em locais onde a população suscetível de humanos e animais podem ser expostos aos propágulos infecciosos dos fungos.

The pathogenic fungi of the species Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii could be found in the environment on pigeon guano, soil with pigeon and bird excreta and vegetable material from trees. The aim of this study was analyze the presence of the Cryptococcus pathogenic species on soil with pigeon excreta, soil with vegetable material and decayed wood of trunk hollows of trees from public places in the city of Londrina, PR. Thirty public places were selected from squares, parks and streets in the city centre where samples were collected from: soil with pigeon excreta (n=120), soil with vegetable material (n=120) and decayed wood of trunk hollows of trees (n=120), during June 2009 until March 2010. These collect comprised the seasons: winter, spring and summer, during this period 360 samples were obtained and analyzed in four different times. The species were identified by means of microscopic analysis from culture and their rising on selective medium. A total of five samples were positive to Cryptococcus spp. (1,38%) three were positive to Cryptococcus neoformans (0,84%) in two samples of soil with pigeon excreta, the other one on soil with vegetable material. The samples were originated from a park, a street and a square, placed in the city centre area of Londrina. Cryptococcus gattii was isolated from two samples (0,54%), one in soil with pigeon excreta and another in vegetable material obtained from the soil of two parks that were not protected against sunshine and rain. Cryptococcus spp. was not isolated in none of the 120 swabs samples of decayed wood trunk hollows from the 12 species of trees sampled. The results of the analyses from the environment confirmed the occurrence of the pathogenic species Cryptococcus neoformans e Cryptococcus gattii in places were the human and animal susceptible populations could be exposure to infectious fungi propagators.

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RESUMO

RESUMO   O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a contaminação de praças das áreas central e periurbana de Mirante do Paranapanema, São Paulo, por ovos de Toxocara spp. Amostras de 250 gramas de solo foram coletadas, de cinco pontos diferentes de 13 praças, seis praças localizadas na área central e sete na área periurbana do município. Duas alíquotas de 10 gramas de cada amostra foram submetidas à técnica de centrífugo-flutuação com nitrato de sódio para recuperação dos ovos. A presença de ovos de Toxocara spp. foi observada em 76,9% das praças (10/13), com a ocorrência dos mesmos em todas as praças periurbanas (7/7) e em metade (3/6) das localizadas no centro urbano. Não houve diferença entre o número de crianças e de cães nas praças das duas áreas (p>0,05), entretanto, o número de amostras contaminadas foi maior nas praças periurbanas em relação às centrais (p 0,05). Dos ovos recuperados, 33,3% apresentaram viabilidade, sendo 15,15% com larvas. Os resultados mostram que a contaminação destas praças oferece riscos de infecção da população humana por Toxocara spp., especialmente na periferia da cidade. Palavras-chave: Larva migrans, toxocaríase, epidemiologia, contaminação ambiental. SOIL CONTAMINATION BY Toxocara spp. EGGS OF PUBLIC PARKS IN CENTRAL AND PERIURBAN AREAS OF MIRANTE DO PARANAPANEMA, SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL ABSTRACT   In order to compare the environmenta

RESUMO

RESUMO   O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a contaminação de praças das áreas central e periurbana de Mirante do Paranapanema, São Paulo, por ovos de Toxocara spp. Amostras de 250 gramas de solo foram coletadas, de cinco pontos diferentes de 13 praças, seis praças localizadas na área central e sete na área periurbana do município. Duas alíquotas de 10 gramas de cada amostra foram submetidas à técnica de centrífugo-flutuação com nitrato de sódio para recuperação dos ovos. A presença de ovos de Toxocara spp. foi observada em 76,9% das praças (10/13), com a ocorrência dos mesmos em todas as praças periurbanas (7/7) e em metade (3/6) das localizadas no centro urbano. Não houve diferença entre o número de crianças e de cães nas praças das duas áreas (p>0,05), entretanto, o número de amostras contaminadas foi maior nas praças periurbanas em relação às centrais (p 0,05). Dos ovos recuperados, 33,3% apresentaram viabilidade, sendo 15,15% com larvas. Os resultados mostram que a contaminação destas praças oferece riscos de infecção da população humana por Toxocara spp., especialmente na periferia da cidade. Palavras-chave: Larva migrans, toxocaríase, epidemiologia, contaminação ambiental. SOIL CONTAMINATION BY Toxocara spp. EGGS OF PUBLIC PARKS IN CENTRAL AND PERIURBAN AREAS OF MIRANTE DO PARANAPANEMA, SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL ABSTRACT   In order to compare the environmenta