RESUMO
Introducción: La aspergilosis broncopulmonar alérgica es una enfermedad pulmonar inflamatoria, caracterizada por una reacción de hipersensibilidad a la colonización de la vía aérea por Aspergillus fumigatus en individuos susceptibles, generalmente pacientes con asma y fibrosis quística. Objetivo: Actualizar los conocimientos en el diagnóstico y manejo de la aspergilosis broncopulmonar alérgica. Desarrollo: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica temática, observacional y retrospectiva, de diciembre de 2019 a julio de 2020. Se accedió a bases de datos como PubMed/MEDLINE, SciElo, ReserchGate, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Redalyc, Latindex, Wed of Science y LILACS, usando los descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (Aspergillus fumigatus, aspergilosis broncopulmonar alérgica, hipersensibilidad, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, aspergilose broncopulmonar alérgica, pulmonary aspergillosis, aspergilose pulmonar, hypersensitivity, hipersensibilidade). Se incluyeron artículos escritos en español, inglés o portugués, que informaron sobre la temática relacionada con aspergilosis broncopulmonar alérgica; seleccionados por la lectura del título, el resumen, el texto completo y por la evaluación de las variables (tipos de diseño metodológico, aspectos metodológicos generales propios de cada uno de los diseños encontrados y calidad de la investigación). Con estos criterios, fueron seleccionados 36 artículos nacionales e internacionales que incluyeron artículos originales, revisiones bibliográficas, estudios de intervención, revistas y anuarios estadísticos. Conclusiones: La aspergilosis broncopulmonar alérgica es mucho más frecuente de lo que se suponía, pero con asiduidad se subdiagnostica y el diagnóstico se hace tardíamente, lo que empeora el pronóstico de estos pacientes. Establecer el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno ayudará prevenir el desarrollo de serias complicaciones(AU)
Introduction: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is an inflammatory lung disease characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction to colonization of the airway by Aspergillus fumigatus in susceptible individuals, generally patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. Objective: To update knowledge in the diagnosis and management of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Development: A thematic, observational and retrospective bibliographic review was carried out, from December / 2019 to July / 2020. Databases such as PubMed / MEDLINE, SciElo, ReserchGate, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Redalyc, Latindex, Wed of Science and LILACS were accessed, using descriptors in Health Sciences (Aspergillus fumigatus, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, hypersensitivity, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillose, pulmonary aspergillosis, pulmonary aspergillus, hypersensitivity, hypersensitivity). Articles written in Spanish, English or Portuguese were included, which reported on the subject related to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, selected by reading the title, the abstract, the full text and by evaluating the variables (types of methodological design, aspects general methodological characteristics of each of the designs found and the quality of the research). With these criteria, 36 national and international articles were selected that included original articles, bibliographic reviews, intervention studies, journals and statistical yearbooks. Conclusions: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is much more frequent than previously assumed, but it is frequently underdiagnosed and the diagnosis is made late, which worsens the prognosis of these patients. Establishing timely diagnosis and treatment will help prevent the development of serious complications(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Aspergilose Broncopulmonar Alérgica , Aspergillus fumigatus , Asma , Fibrose Cística , Pneumopatias , Prognóstico , Ciências da SaúdeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Allergy to soybean has an increasing tendency due to the high consumption of soybean as a basic food resource available in poor countries, and also for being so widely used for commercial purposes. This fact demands the development of safer and cheaper allergenic extracts for skin prick tests, with better diagnostic accuracy. OBJETIVE: To evaluate the safety and diagnostic accuracy of a soybean¥s extract for skin prick test to diagnose food allergy. METHODS: In this observational and prospective research 60 individuals were studied, 30 of them with the clinical diagnosis of soybean¥s allergy and 30 controls. Skin prick tests were performed with both, shell and soybean grain extracts (0,1mg/mL and 1mg/mL), and specificity, sensitivity and accuracy were calculated. RESULTS: Sixty percent of all patients with soybean allergy showed a positive result to soybean grain extract. On the other hand, the patients in the control group had all negative results for both allergen extract concentrations (p < 0.05). All extracts¥ dilutions have 100% specificity. We observed that the soybean grain extract at 1 mg/mL was sensitive in 60%, specific in 100% and effective in 80% for soybean allergy diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The soybean grain extract has both safety and diagnostic accuracy for the diagnosis of food allergy to soybean at the higher concentration.