RESUMO
Salar de Uyuni, situated in the Southwest of the Bolivian Altiplano, is the largest salt flat on Earth. Brines of this athalassohaline hypersaline environment are rich in lithium and boron. Due to the ever- increasing commodity demand, the industrial exploitation of brines for metal recovery from the world's biggest lithium reservoir is likely to increase substantially in the near future. Studies on the composition of halophilic microbial communities in brines of the salar have not been published yet. Here we report for the first time on the prokaryotic diversity of four brine habitats across the salar. The brine is characterized by salinity values between 132 and 177 PSU, slightly acidic to near-neutral pH and lithium and boron concentrations of up to 2.0 and 1.4g/L, respectively. Community analysis was performed after sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA genes employing the Illumina MiSeq technology. The mothur software package was used for sequence processing and data analysis. Metagenomic analysis revealed the occurrence of an exclusively archaeal community comprising 26 halobacterial genera including only recently identified genera like Halapricum, Halorubellus and Salinarchaeum. Despite the high diversity of the halobacteria-dominated community in sample P3 (Shannon-Weaver index H'=3.12 at 3% OTU cutoff) almost 40% of the Halobacteriaceae-assigned sequences could not be classified on the genus level under stringent filtering conditions. Even if the limited taxonomic resolution of the V3-V4 region for halobacteria is considered, it seems likely to discover new, hitherto undescribed genera of the family halobacteriaceae in this particular habitat of Salar de Uyuni in future.
Assuntos
Biodiversidade , Lítio/química , Consórcios Microbianos , Salinidade , Archaea/classificação , Archaea/efeitos dos fármacos , Archaea/genética , Archaea/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/classificação , Bactérias/genética , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Bolívia , Boro/química , DNA Arqueal/análise , DNA Arqueal/genética , DNA Bacteriano/análise , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Mapeamento Geográfico , Halobacteriaceae/classificação , Halobacteriaceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Halobacteriaceae/genética , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Lagos/microbiologia , Metagenômica , Filogenia , RNA Arqueal/genética , RNA Bacteriano/genética , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Sais/química , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Cloreto de Sódio/metabolismo , Microbiologia do Solo , Microbiologia da ÁguaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hip arthroscopy has become an increasingly used technique in orthopedic surgery; the learning curve of this procedure has been discussed recently. The purpose of this study is to assess the learning curve of arthroscopic hip surgery using the complications occurred during the surgery as an objective parameter to measure the outcomes. METHODS: Hip arthroscopic surgeries were performed. Patients were divided into two groups, group A corresponded to the learning curve of the first surgeon and group B includes the remaining surgeries. The demographic, surgical, functional and complications data for both groups were collected. RESULTS: Group A: 30 patients were included, the traction time during surgery was a mean of 75 minutes (range: 45-120). Five complications occurred (16.6%), all of them related to transient neuropraxia of the pudendal nerve. Group B: 67 patients were included, traction time during surgery was a mean of 63 minutes (range: 35-90), 2 complications (2.9%) occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Before performing hip arthroscopy it is necessary to have knowledge of arthroscopic surgery and the regional anatomy, and to have received specific training, given that this technique involves a long learning curve.
Assuntos
Artroscopia , Competência Clínica , Luxação do Quadril/cirurgia , Adulto , Artroscopia/efeitos adversos , Endoscopia/educação , Feminino , Humanos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The cystic lesions seen around the knee are usually meniscal or popliteal cysts. Cysts inside the articular cavity of the knee are rare and they are usually detected as incidental MRI findings. The ganglions originating in the cruciate ligaments or the infrapatellar fat have rarely been reported. We are reporting the cases of three intraarticular ganglions. The clinical diagnosis was made with magnetic resonance imaging. All patients were treated With arthroscopic surgery using the synovial shaver to remove the tissue. The three patients were reported as asymptomatic during the follow-up, with full range of motion. CONCLUSIONS: The literature review shows that the origin of ganglions is controversial. The three reported cases show that this is a pathology that should be suspected, as it is difficult to diagnose. MRI is essential to make the diagnosis and the arthroscopic treatment of intraarticular ganglions is effective.
Assuntos
Cistos Glanglionares , Articulação do Joelho , Adolescente , Feminino , Cistos Glanglionares/diagnóstico , Cistos Glanglionares/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Las fracturas de platillo tibial son fecuentes y su tratamiento es controvertido. El objetivo del presente trabajo es valorar los resultados obtenidos en nuestro hospital, para lo cual se evaluaron 18 pacientes en un período comprendido entre febrero de 2002 y junio de 2004...La tendencia actual de tratamiento es la utilización de métodos mínimamente invasivos con asistencia artroscópica. El uso de tutor externo híbrido brinda un aporte importante en las fracturas complejas. Se debe evaluar cada caso en particular para poder realizar el mejor tratamiento para estas fracturas
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Fraturas da Tíbia/classificação , Fraturas da Tíbia/diagnóstico , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Artroscopia , Parafusos Ósseos , Placas Ósseas , Resultado do Tratamento , Meniscos Tibiais/diagnóstico por imagem , Ligamento Colateral Médio do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Las fracturas de platillo tibial son fecuentes y su tratamiento es controvertido. El objetivo del presente trabajo es valorar los resultados obtenidos en nuestro hospital, para lo cual se evaluaron 18 pacientes en un período comprendido entre febrero de 2002 y junio de 2004...La tendencia actual de tratamiento es la utilización de métodos mínimamente invasivos con asistencia artroscópica. El uso de tutor externo híbrido brinda un aporte importante en las fracturas complejas. Se debe evaluar cada caso en particular para poder realizar el mejor tratamiento para estas fracturas