RESUMO
PURPOSE: Migrating from Mexico to the U.S. is a major, stressful life event with potentially profound influences on mental health. However, estimating the health effects of migration is challenging because of differential selection into migration and time-varying confounder mediators of migration effects on health. METHODS: We pooled data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (N = 17,771) and Mexican-born U.S. Health and Retirement Study (N = 898) participants to evaluate the effects of migration to the U.S. (at any age and in models for migration in childhood or adulthood) on depressive symptom-count, measured with a modified Centers for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale. We modeled probability of migrating in each year of life from birth to either age at initial migration to the U.S. or enrollment and used these models to calculate inverse probability of migration weights. We applied the weights to covariate-adjusted negative binomial GEE models, estimating the ratio of average symptom-count associated with migration. RESULTS: Mexico to U.S. migration was unrelated to depressive symptoms among men (ratio of average symptom-count= 0.98 [95% CI: 0.89, 1.08]) and women (ratio of average symptom-count = 1.00 [95% CI: 0.92, 1.09]). Results were similar for migration in childhood, early adulthood, or later adulthood. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample of older Mexican-born adults, migration to the U.S. was unrelated to depressive symptoms.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento , Depressão , Adulto , Depressão/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Modelos Estatísticos , AposentadoriaRESUMO
Objectives:To examine the association between diabetes and cognitive function within U.S. Hispanics/Latinos of Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and South American background. Method: This cross-sectional study included 9,609 men and women (mean age = 56.5 years), who are members of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. We classified participants as having diabetes, prediabetes, or normal glucose regulation. Participants underwent a neurocognitive battery consisting of tests of verbal fluency, delayed recall, and processing speed. Analyses were stratified by Hispanic/Latino subgroup. Results: From fully adjusted linear regression models, compared with having normal glucose regulation, having diabetes was associated with worse processing speed among Cubans (ß = -1.99; 95% CI [confidence interval] = [-3.80, -0.19]) and Mexicans (ß = -2.26; 95% CI = [-4.02, -0.51]). Compared with having normal glucose regulation, having prediabetes or diabetes was associated with worse delayed recall only among Mexicans (prediabetes: ß = -0.34; 95% CI = [-0.63, -0.05] and diabetes: ß = -0.41; 95% CI = [-0.79, -0.04]). No associations with verbal fluency. Discussion: The relationship between diabetes and cognitive function varied across Hispanic/Latino subgroup.
Assuntos
Cognição , Diabetes Mellitus/etnologia , Diabetes Mellitus/psicologia , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , América do Sul/etnologia , Estados Unidos , Índias Ocidentais/etnologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of neighbourhood socioeconomic position (NSEP) on development of diabetes over time. DESIGN: A longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: The data reported were from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging, a longitudinal study of the health of 1789 older Latinos. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling older Mexican Americans residing in the Sacramento Metropolitan Statistical Area. MAIN OUTCOME: Multistate Markov regression were used to model transitions through four possible states over time: 1=normal; 2=pre-diabetic; 3=diabetic; and 4=death without diabetes. RESULTS: At baseline, nearly 50% were non-diabetic, 17.5% were pre-diabetic and nearly 33% were diabetic. At the end of follow-up, there were a total of 824 people with type 2 diabetes. In a fully adjusted MSM regression model, among non-diabetics, higher NSEP was not associated with a transition to pre-diabetes. Among non-diabetics, higher NSEP was associated with an increased risk of diabetes (HR=1.66, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.42) and decreased risk of death without diabetes (HR: 0.56, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.96). Among pre-diabetics, higher NSEP was significantly associated with a transition to non-diabetic status (HR: 1.22, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.50). Adjusting for BMI, age, education, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, medical insurance and nativity did not affect this relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that high NSEP poses higher risk of progression from normal to diabetes compared with a lower risk of death without diabetes. This work presents a possibility that these associations are modified by nativity or culture.