RESUMO

Atualmente o mercado de animais exóticos movimenta bilhões de dólares, seja com o comércio de animais vivos ou produtos para sua manutenção. O aumento da popularidade das serpentes como animal de estimação é evidente, entretanto, tal explosão de popularidade não foi simultânea à evolução científica do manejo reprodutivo em cativeiro desses animais. O manejo reprodutivo de jiboias possui diversas particularidades que podem ser aplicadas para otimizar o desempenho da espécie, sempre buscando um manejo condizente. Os mecanismos fisiológicos da reprodução das serpentes não são totalmente elucidados, porém diversas características conhecidas devem ser exploradas para uma reprodução eficiente. A utilização de um manejo reprodutivo adequado, resulta em animais com alto grau de bem-estar, aumento de produção, possibilita o atendimento à demanda de mercado com animais legais nascidos em cativeiro e, portanto, colabora para a redução do tráfico e comercialização ilegal de animais.

Nowadays the exotic pet market represents a billionaire market worldwide, considering live animals sell and maintenance products. The increase in popularity of snakes as pets is evident, but this popularity increase was not simultaneous with scientific data production regarding husbandry of these species in captivity. The reproductive management of boas presents many particularities that must be considered for an adequate husbandry to optimize their reproductive performance. The reproductive physiological pathways of snakes are not completely elucidated; however the known characteristics may be explored for an efficient reproduction. The use of adequate techniques results in animals with improved welfare, increase in offspring production, and supply the demand for legal animals, therefore contributing against animal traffic and illegal commercialization.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Atualmente o mercado de animais exóticos movimenta bilhões de dólares, seja com o comércio de animais vivos ou produtos para sua manutenção. O aumento da popularidade das serpentes como animal de estimação é evidente, entretanto, tal explosão de popularidade não foi simultânea à evolução científica do manejo reprodutivo em cativeiro desses animais. O manejo reprodutivo de jiboias possui diversas particularidades que podem ser aplicadas para otimizar o desempenho da espécie, sempre buscando um manejo condizente. Os mecanismos fisiológicos da reprodução das serpentes não são totalmente elucidados, porém diversas características conhecidas devem ser exploradas para uma reprodução eficiente. A utilização de um manejo reprodutivo adequado, resulta em animais com alto grau de bem-estar, aumento de produção, possibilita o atendimento à demanda de mercado com animais legais nascidos em cativeiro e, portanto, colabora para a redução do tráfico e comercialização ilegal de animais.(AU)

Nowadays the exotic pet market represents a billionaire market worldwide, considering live animals sell and maintenance products. The increase in popularity of snakes as pets is evident, but this popularity increase was not simultaneous with scientific data production regarding husbandry of these species in captivity. The reproductive management of boas presents many particularities that must be considered for an adequate husbandry to optimize their reproductive performance. The reproductive physiological pathways of snakes are not completely elucidated; however the known characteristics may be explored for an efficient reproduction. The use of adequate techniques results in animals with improved welfare, increase in offspring production, and supply the demand for legal animals, therefore contributing against animal traffic and illegal commercialization.(AU)

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RESUMO

AIMS: Obesity is one of the major concerns in the world currently, its prejudicial effect is exerted by proteins secreted by adipose tissue, among them visfatin was demonstrated to be related with BMI and cardiovascular diseases. The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are known to minimize the cardiovascular risk in hyperlipidemic patients and recently the discovery of various pleiotropic effects has made the statins evidencing among others anti-inflammatory effect. Our objective in this study was to determinate if simvastatin treatment may modulate visfatin levels in obese women without any other metabolic disorder. METHODS: We recruited 25 obese women without any other metabolic disorder and treated with simvastatin for 6 weeks 20 mg/day. RESULTS: The levels of plasma visfatin were similar before and after treatment (22 ± 20 versus 27 ± 14 ng/mL, p > 0.05) and correlated with BMI before treatment (p = 0.001). We also found correlations among visfatin and insulin levels (p = 0.015) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.025) only after treatment. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that visfatin is not modulated by simvastatin treatment in this group but the treatment may interfere on the relation among visfatin, BMI, insulin and HOMA-IR.

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OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTS: Evidence indicates an impairment of nitric oxide (NO) in obesity. Statins present pleiotropic effects independently of cholesterol-lowering, including increasing of eNOS expression and antioxidant effects. We evaluated the effects of simvastatin treatment at 45 days on circulating nitrite (NO marker) and TBARS-MDA levels in obese women without comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia). Moreover, we verified whether obese women carrying the C variant of T(-786)C polymorphism located in eNOS may have increased levels of nitrite after treatment compared to TT genotype. RESULTS: After simvastatin treatment, while the plasma nitrite levels increased 42% (P=0.0008), the TBARS-MDA levels reduced 58% (P=0.0069). We observed increased levels of nitrite in both groups of genotypes (TT vs. TC+CC); however, rise in C-allele carriers was 60% comparing with 44% in TT. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated a restoration of nitrite levels in obese women treated with simvastatin, which is modulated by T(-786)C polymorphism.

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This study evaluated 724 primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in young and old patients, with regard to clinical profile and immunohistochemical expression of p53 protein. Associations among age, epidemiological and clinicopathological parameters, and survival analysis were evaluated. HNSCC in young people occurred in 14.5% (median age 40.7years; male-to-female ratio 5.9:1). A statistical association was demonstrated between age and family history of cancer, and between age and anatomical site. Among older patients, a higher presence of disease was noted in posterior sites. Expression of p53 was found in 71.7% of the samples and a higher expression was noted in lesions of young patients. Survival analysis showed that the age parameter is not a reliable prognostic factor for HNSCC. Among young patients, cervical metastasis was associated with worse survival. The presence of a family history of cancer in young patients could indicate genetic susceptibility and molecular disturbances in the p53 pathway in HNSCC of young and older patients seem to be distinct.

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