RESUMO
The aim of present study was to examine the changes in blood flow indices throughout pregnancy in singleton and multiple pregnant does. Doppler scanning was done to assess resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMV) and blood flow volume (Vol). The placentomes were investigated for blood indices on day 45 as an echogenic structure on the surface of the endometrium. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed every 30 days during the overage of the pregnancy. Diameters of largest six placentomes from each doe were measured using an ultrasonography device, and the mean values of placentome diameters were calculated. Values of RI and PI exhibited a steady decrease toward term and declined more rapidly and earlier in multiple than in single pregnancies. Values of RI and PI were negatively correlated with placetome size; however, values of TAMV and Vol were positively correlated with placentome size. In singleton and multiple pregnancies, the placentome size showed an increase toward term, but there is no difference in placentome size between single and multiple bearing does. In conclusion, the values of TAMV and Vol for multiple pregnancies were significantly higher than for singleton at any gestational month to satisfy the high foetal demand of nutrients and dissolved oxygen for foetal progression. Knowing the relationship between the foetal number and blood flow parameters could be used in the clinical management of such pregnancies and the early detection or prediction adverse pregnancy outcome.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Cabras/sangue , Cabras/embriologia , Fluxometria por Laser-Doppler , Fluxometria por Laser-Doppler/veterinária , Fluxo Sanguíneo RegionalRESUMO
The aim of present study was to examine the changes in blood flow indices throughout pregnancy in singleton and multiple pregnant does. Doppler scanning was done to assess resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMV) and blood flow volume (Vol). The placentomes were investigated for blood indices on day 45 as an echogenic structure on the surface of the endometrium. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed every 30 days during the overage of the pregnancy. Diameters of largest six placentomes from each doe were measured using an ultrasonography device, and the mean values of placentome diameters were calculated. Values of RI and PI exhibited a steady decrease toward term and declined more rapidly and earlier in multiple than in single pregnancies. Values of RI and PI were negatively correlated with placetome size; however, values of TAMV and Vol were positively correlated with placentome size. In singleton and multiple pregnancies, the placentome size showed an increase toward term, but there is no difference in placentome size between single and multiple bearing does. In conclusion, the values of TAMV and Vol for multiple pregnancies were significantly higher than for singleton at any gestational month to satisfy the high foetal demand of nutrients and dissolved oxygen for foetal progression. Knowing the relationship between the foetal number and blood flow parameters could be used in the clinical management of such pregnancies and the early detection or prediction adverse pregnancy outcome.
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Gravidez , Cabras/embriologia , Cabras/sangue , Fluxometria por Laser-Doppler , Fluxometria por Laser-Doppler/veterinária , Fluxo Sanguíneo RegionalRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to study the effect of parity on the efficacy of an Ovsynch protocol in buffalo. B uffalo heifers (HE ; n = 8 ) and cow s (BC ; n = 9 ) were used to monitor ovarian follicular dynamics and evaluate serum progesterone profile s during this protocol . A t otal of 385 control buffalo heifers (CHE ; n = 219 ) and cows (CBC ; n = 1 66 ) were used to compare conception rates follo wing the application of this protocol . The heifers and cows were cycling . All treated animals were injected with GnRH on day 0, PGF2 α on day 7 , GnRH on day 9 and artificially inseminated 1 6 h later. Ovarian changes were monitored daily using ultrasound and serum progesterone (P4) evaluated in the investigated animals . All heifers and 5 cows had follicles >8 mm at the first G n RH injection. The first GnRH injection resulted in ovulation in 7 /8 HE ( 8 7 . 5 %) and 5 /9 BC ( 55.5 %) . Following the second GnRH injection , ovulation occurred in 100 % of HE and 88.8 % of BC. Ovulation occurred earlier in BC (10.4 ± 7 .6 h) following the second GnRH injection than in HE ( 22.6 ± 5.4 h). A verage P4 concentrations of HE were higher than those of BC on day 7 (P < 0.04) . Conception r ates were 62.5% ( 429 / 686 ) in HE , 59.8 % ( 131/219 ) in CHE, 22.7 % ( 62/273 ) in BC and 59.6 % ( 99/166 ) in CBC. The present findings suggested that low conception rate s in buffalo cows , compared to heifers , may be attribut ed to earl ier ovulation and a less functi onal CL.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ovulação/metabolismo , Progesterona/análise , Paridade , Búfalos/classificação , Ultrassom/instrumentaçãoRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to study the effect of parity on the efficacy of an Ovsynch protocol in buffalo. B uffalo heifers (HE ; n = 8 ) and cow s (BC ; n = 9 ) were used to monitor ovarian follicular dynamics and evaluate serum progesterone profile s during this protocol . A t otal of 385 control buffalo heifers (CHE ; n = 219 ) and cows (CBC ; n = 1 66 ) were used to compare conception rates follo wing the application of this protocol . The heifers and cows were cycling . All treated animals were injected with GnRH on day 0, PGF2 α on day 7 , GnRH on day 9 and artificially inseminated 1 6 h later. Ovarian changes were monitored daily using ultrasound and serum progesterone (P4) evaluated in the investigated animals . All heifers and 5 cows had follicles >8 mm at the first G n RH injection. The first GnRH injection resulted in ovulation in 7 /8 HE ( 8 7 . 5 %) and 5 /9 BC ( 55.5 %) . Following the second GnRH injection , ovulation occurred in 100 % of HE and 88.8 % of BC. Ovulation occurred earlier in BC (10.4 ± 7 .6 h) following the second GnRH injection than in HE ( 22.6 ± 5.4 h). A verage P4 concentrations of HE were higher than those of BC on day 7 (P < 0.04) . Conception r ates were 62.5% ( 429 / 686 ) in HE , 59.8 % ( 131/219 ) in CHE, 22.7 % ( 62/273 ) in BC and 59.6 % ( 99/166 ) in CBC. The present findings suggested that low conception rate s in buffalo cows , compared to heifers , may be attribut ed to earl ier ovulation and a less functi onal CL.