RESUMO
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the Haitian American population remains an important question. A recent study revealed an alarming prevalence of 39.9%. To corroborate these data, between November 2021 and September 2023 a representative sample was collected among 401 Haitian Americans in Florida, Maryland, New Jersey, and New York. Results revealed a crude prevalence rate of 36.6% (95% CI 31.85, 41.55%). The age-adjusted prevalence was 29.7% (CI 19.71%, 39.63%). This study's prevalence is nearly double the 16.8% (Z=10.48, p<.0001) rate in non-Hispanic African Americans and nearly two and a half times the 12.0% (Z=14.99, p<.0001) rate in all Americans. The crude prevalence for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was 13.38% (CI 10.19%, 17.14%), with 17.11% age-adjusted prevalence (CI 7.53%, 26.70%). The scope of the diabetes burden, especially the high rate of undiagnosed cases, indicates a need for better strategies for the prevention, screening, treatment, and management of diabetes among Haitian Americans.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus , Humanos , Prevalência , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/etnologia , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Haiti/etnologia , Haiti/epidemiologia , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION: Haitian women in Haiti and in the United States experience a disproportionate burden of cervical cancer, however their uptake of cervical cancer prevention services remains concerningly low. LITERATURE SEARCH: A comprehensive search on bibliographic databases coupled with a grey literature search was conducted. A total of 401 studies were identified, with 28 studies retained after following Arksey and O'Malley's Scoping Review Guidelines. DATA EVALUATION/SYNTHESIS: Knowledge levels of HPV and cervical cancer, along with preventative measures was alarmingly low. Traditional health practices, cultural worldviews, and social networks had an influence on the uptake of cervical cancer prevention. Health systems barriers were found to be a prevalent barrier among Haitian women in the U.S. CONCLUSIONS: Future health promotion interventions developed for Haitian women must address personal, cultural, social, and structural factors with an emphasis on modifying knowledge and beliefs to improve engagement in cervical cancer prevention behaviors.