RESUMO

Water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) have been introduced in many regions of the world as a source of animal protein. In many instances, bubaline cattle are reared close to or mixed with bovine or zebuine cattle. However, little is known about infectious diseases of bubaline and the interactions that may arise involving the microbiota of those species. Alphaherpesviruses of ruminants (bovine alphaherpesviruses types 1 and 5, BoHV-1, BoHV-5; bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1, BuHV-1) are highly cross-reactive in serological assays performed with bovine or zebuine sera. However, the profile of reactivity of bubaline cattle sera to alphaherpesviruses remains unknown. As such, it is not known which virus strain (or strains) would be most appropriate to be used as the challenge virus in the laboratory in search for alphaherpesvirus-neutralizing antibodies. In this study, the profile of neutralizing antibodies to alphaherpesviruses in bubaline sera was determined against different types/subtypes of bovine and bubaline alphaherpesviruses. Sera (n=339) were screened in a 24-h serum neutralization test (SN) against 100 TCID50 of each of the challenge viruses. From those, 159 (46.9 %) neutralized at least one of the viruses assayed; 131 (38.6%) sera neutralized the three viral strains used for screening. The viral strain that was neutralized by the largest number of sera was BoHV-5b A663 (149/159; 93.7%). A few sera neutralized only one of the challenge viruses: four sera neutralized BoHV-1 LA only; another neutralized BoHV-5 A663 only and four others neutralized BuHV-1 b6 only. SN testing with two additional strains gave rise to similar results, where maximum sensitivity (defined here as the largest number of sera that neutralized the challenge viruses) was obtained by adding positive results attained with three of the challenge strains. Differences in neutralizing antibody titers were not significant to allow inferences on which would be the most likely virus that induced the antibody responses detected here.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (subtypes 1.1, 1.2a, and 1.2b), type 5 (subtypes 5a, 5b, and 5c), and bubaline herpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1) induce highly, though not fully cross-reactive serological responses. Most types and subtypes of these viruses circulate particularly in countries of the southern hemisphere, notably Brazil and Argentina. Therefore, the detection of infected animals is important in defining prevention and control strategies, particularly when flocks are destined for international trade. Identification of infected herds is most often achieved by assays that detect antibodies, such as enzyme immunoassays (ELISAs). However, to date, no ELISA has been evaluated in its capacity to detect antibodies to these alphaherpesviruses. Here, an ELISA was developed to detect antibodies to all currently recognized BoAHV-1, BoAHV-5, and BuAHV-1 types/subtypes, and its sensitivity and specificity were determined. Six hundred bovine sera were screened in serum neutralization tests (SN) against the seven viruses. ELISAs prepared with each of the viruses were compared to SN. Subsequently, a combined assay with multiple antigens LISA was prepared by mixing five viral antigens, chosen for their highest sensitivity in the preparative assays. In comparison to SN, the mAgELISA sensitivity was 96.5% with 96.1% specificity (κ = 0.93; PPV = 95.0%; NPV = 97.3%). The findings reveal that the mAgELISA developed here is highly suitable for the detection of antibodies, comparable in sensitivity and specificity to that of SN when performed with all known types and subtypes of bovine and bubaline alphaherpesviruses.

RESUMO

The objective of this research was to determine the seroprevalence of Leishmania infantum in dogs in the city of Primavera do Leste, Mato Grosso, Brazil. A total of 109 serological samples from dogs were analyzed, collected between August 2021 to March 2022, using rapid immunochromatographic test, TR DPP® (LVC BioManguinhos), and Immunoenzymatic Assay (ELISA), EIE-Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (Bio-Manguinhos®, Fiocruz). IgG anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies were detected 4.6% (5/109) by DPP test. Regardless of results, all samples were submitted to ELISA test, of those 0.9% (1/109) was positive, the same having also been positive for the DPP, from asymptomatic, adult dog living in the urban area. This is the first autochthonous report of CVL in the municipality. Since Visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. infantum is a disease of One Health concern, the results obtained are essential to fill the epidemiological gap of in the region. Furthermore, the health authorities should implement surveillance actions in order to monitoring of dogs, as well as survey of sand flies, and health education programs to stimulate the prevention of the disease.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A família das Enterobacteriaceae possui destacado espaço na avicultura, sendo a Escherichia coli um destes micro-organismos. A E. coli patogênica para aves é responsável pela colibacilose, desenvolvendo diversos sintomas extra-intestinais. Diante disto, o presente estudo buscou relatar achados anatomopatológicos em necrópsia realizada em pintainhas, com idade entre cinco e sete dias, oriundos de criatório da cidade de Primavera do Leste, Mato Grosso, com posterior cultivo bacteriano e identificação bioquímica. Os sinais clínicos relatados foram apatia, asas caídas, penas arrepiadas e diarreia. Os principais achados patológicos foram edema hepático com pontos necróticos esbranquiçados, vesícula biliar edemaciada, inflamação necrótica dos intestinos delgado e grosso, onfalite, pontos necróticos no mesentério e baço congesto. O cultivo bacteriano foi realizado em ágar Cled, MacConkey e CHROMID® CPS® Elite. Para confirmação do agente, foram remetidas amostras para identificação bioquímica e antibiograma, através de swab de transporte contendo meio Stuart, que confirmaram a presença de dois agentes: E. coli e Enterobacter cloacae, sendo o primeiro o mais provável como agente etiológico causador da enfermidade caracterizada pelos sintomas observados. A colibacilose gera diversas perdas para a cadeia produtiva, além de possuir caráter zoonótico. Assim, medidas profiláticas devem ser empregadas para controle do agente dentro do criatório.(AU)

The Enterobacteriaceae family has a prominent space in poultry farming, with Escherichia coli being one of these microorganisms. The pathogenic E. coli for poultry is responsible for colibacillosis, developing several extraintestinal symptoms. In view of this, the present study sought to report anatomopathological findings in necropsy performed on chicks, aged between five and seven days, from a nursery in the city of Primavera do Leste, Mato Grosso, with subsequent bacterial culture and biochemical identification. The reported clinical signs were apathy, drooping wings, creepy feathers, and diarrhea. The main pathological findings were hepatic edema with whitish necrotic spots, edemaciate gallbladder, necrotic inflammation of the small and large intestines, omphalitis, necrotic points in the mesentery and spleen congestion. Bacterial culture was performed on Cled, MacConkey and CHROMID® CPS® Elite agar. To confirm the agent, samples were sent for biochemical identification and antibiogram, through a transport swab containing Stuart medium, which confirmed the presence of two agents, E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae, the first one being the most probable as the etiological agent causing the infection. Disease characterized by the observed symptoms. Colibacillosis generates several losses for the productive chain, besides having a zoonotic character. Thus, prophylactic measures should be employed to control the agent within the laboratory.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A família das Enterobacteriaceae possui destacado espaço na avicultura, sendo a Escherichia coli um destes micro-organismos. A E. coli patogênica para aves é responsável pela colibacilose, desenvolvendo diversos sintomas extra-intestinais. Diante disto, o presente estudo buscou relatar achados anatomopatológicos em necrópsia realizada em pintainhas, com idade entre cinco e sete dias, oriundos de criatório da cidade de Primavera do Leste, Mato Grosso, com posterior cultivo bacteriano e identificação bioquímica. Os sinais clínicos relatados foram apatia, asas caídas, penas arrepiadas e diarreia. Os principais achados patológicos foram edema hepático com pontos necróticos esbranquiçados, vesícula biliar edemaciada, inflamação necrótica dos intestinos delgado e grosso, onfalite, pontos necróticos no mesentério e baço congesto. O cultivo bacteriano foi realizado em ágar Cled, MacConkey e CHROMID® CPS® Elite. Para confirmação do agente, foram remetidas amostras para identificação bioquímica e antibiograma, através de swab de transporte contendo meio Stuart, que confirmaram a presença de dois agentes: E. coli e Enterobacter cloacae, sendo o primeiro o mais provável como agente etiológico causador da enfermidade caracterizada pelos sintomas observados. A colibacilose gera diversas perdas para a cadeia produtiva, além de possuir caráter zoonótico. Assim, medidas profiláticas devem ser empregadas para controle do agente dentro do criatório.

The Enterobacteriaceae family has a prominent space in poultry farming, with Escherichia coli being one of these microorganisms. The pathogenic E. coli for poultry is responsible for colibacillosis, developing several extraintestinal symptoms. In view of this, the present study sought to report anatomopathological findings in necropsy performed on chicks, aged between five and seven days, from a nursery in the city of Primavera do Leste, Mato Grosso, with subsequent bacterial culture and biochemical identification. The reported clinical signs were apathy, drooping wings, creepy feathers, and diarrhea. The main pathological findings were hepatic edema with whitish necrotic spots, edemaciate gallbladder, necrotic inflammation of the small and large intestines, omphalitis, necrotic points in the mesentery and spleen congestion. Bacterial culture was performed on Cled, MacConkey and CHROMID® CPS® Elite agar. To confirm the agent, samples were sent for biochemical identification and antibiogram, through a transport swab containing Stuart medium, which confirmed the presence of two agents, E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae, the first one being the most probable as the etiological agent causing the infection. Disease characterized by the observed symptoms. Colibacillosis generates several losses for the productive chain, besides having a zoonotic character. Thus, prophylactic measures should be employed to control the agent within the laboratory.

Assuntos

RESUMO

O presente trabalho objetivou relatar um caso de mastite causada por Enterobacter aerogenes no município de Primavera do Leste MT. Foi atendida em propriedade agro familiar uma vaca da raça Holandesa, de aproximadamente 8 anos de idade, apresentando sinais clínicos de edema de úbere, rubor, hiperemia e presença de secreção no leite. Diante do quadro clínico, foi coletado material intramamário por meio de um swab de transporte para identificação do agente patogênico, acrescido de antibiograma. A partir desta amostra foi possível identificar a bactéria Enterobacter aerogenes como causadora da doença, além de constatar sensibilidade a 14 dos 22 antibióticos testados. Foi detectada resistência aos fármacos Cefoxitina e Fosfomicina. A ocorrência de ESBL ocorreu nos fármacos Aztreonam e Cefotaxima. A incidência da doença é relacionada ao déficit de boas práticas de higiene, manejos inadequados e tratamentos errôneos, sendo necessária a adoção de boas práticas para prevenção da enfermidade.(AU)

The present study aimed to report a case of mastitis caused by Enterobacter aerogenes in the municipality of Primavera do Leste/MT. One Holstein cow with approximately 8 years old, was attended in the family farming. The cow showed clinical signs as udder swelling, redness, hyperemia and presence of milk secretion. In view of the clinical condition, intramammary material was collected by means of a transport swab to identify the pathogen, plus antibiogram. From this sample it was possible to identify the bacterium Enterobacter aerogenes as cause of the disease, in addition to detecting sensitivity to 14 of the 22 antibiotics tested. Resistance to the drugs Cefoxitin and Fosfomycin was detected. The occurrence of ESBL occurred in the Aztreonam and Cefotaxime drugs. The incidence of the disease is related to the deficiency of good hygiene practices, inadequate management and erroneous treatments. It is necessary to adopt good practices to prevent the disease.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O presente trabalho objetivou relatar um caso de mastite causada por Enterobacter aerogenes no município de Primavera do Leste MT. Foi atendida em propriedade agro familiar uma vaca da raça Holandesa, de aproximadamente 8 anos de idade, apresentando sinais clínicos de edema de úbere, rubor, hiperemia e presença de secreção no leite. Diante do quadro clínico, foi coletado material intramamário por meio de um swab de transporte para identificação do agente patogênico, acrescido de antibiograma. A partir desta amostra foi possível identificar a bactéria Enterobacter aerogenes como causadora da doença, além de constatar sensibilidade a 14 dos 22 antibióticos testados. Foi detectada resistência aos fármacos Cefoxitina e Fosfomicina. A ocorrência de ESBL ocorreu nos fármacos Aztreonam e Cefotaxima. A incidência da doença é relacionada ao déficit de boas práticas de higiene, manejos inadequados e tratamentos errôneos, sendo necessária a adoção de boas práticas para prevenção da enfermidade.

The present study aimed to report a case of mastitis caused by Enterobacter aerogenes in the municipality of Primavera do Leste/MT. One Holstein cow with approximately 8 years old, was attended in the family farming. The cow showed clinical signs as udder swelling, redness, hyperemia and presence of milk secretion. In view of the clinical condition, intramammary material was collected by means of a transport swab to identify the pathogen, plus antibiogram. From this sample it was possible to identify the bacterium Enterobacter aerogenes as cause of the disease, in addition to detecting sensitivity to 14 of the 22 antibiotics tested. Resistance to the drugs Cefoxitin and Fosfomycin was detected. The occurrence of ESBL occurred in the Aztreonam and Cefotaxime drugs. The incidence of the disease is related to the deficiency of good hygiene practices, inadequate management and erroneous treatments. It is necessary to adopt good practices to prevent the disease.

Assuntos

RESUMO

O Pestivirus é o agente patológico da diarreia viral bovina (BVD), responsável por grandes perdas econômicas para o setor produtivo da bovinocultura, pois a infecção por esse vírus (BVDV) é frequentemente associada a várias patologias gastroentéricas e/ou respiratórias, doença hemorrágica e problemas reprodutivos. O presente estudo buscou determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos contra o vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV) em gado não vacinado, proveniente de duas propriedades localizadas no Município de Uruguaiana/RS, através da prova de ELISA. Foram coletadas 66 amostras de soro de animais em duas propriedades de criação de corte em sistema de manejo extensivo. Tais amostras foram submetidas ao teste de ELISA para a pesquisa de anticorpos contra BVD. Os testes realizados resultaram em 39 amostras soropositivas, 19 negativas e 8 suspeitas para anticorpos contra o BVD. A soroprevalência positiva foi de 59,10%, o que confirma a presença do agente causador da BVD no rebanho avaliado. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que há taxas preocupantes de disseminação do BVDV no rebanho bovino avaliado. Para o sucesso do controle e prevenção da BVD, deve-se adequar o manejo dos rebanhos através da implantação de programas de saúde adaptados para evitar a introdução da infeção no rebanho, identificação e eliminação de animais PI e vacinação de animais reprodutores, além de levantamento sorológico prévio dos animais destinados à reprodução, tais ações são de suma importância para o controle sanitário e produtivo do setor.(AU)

The Pestivirus is the pathological agent of the bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), responsible for the great economical losses to the productive sector of bovine culture, since (BVDV) infection is frequently associated to innumerous pathologies and/or respiratory pathologies, hemorrhagic disease and reproductive issues. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of antibodies against the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in non-vaccinated cattle, from two properties located in the city of Uruguaiana/RS, through the ELISE test. Sixty six animal serum samples were collected and two cutting off properties under an extensive management system. These samples were submitted to the ELISA test for antibodies against BVD. The tests performed resulted in 39 seropositive samples, 19 negative and 8 suspected antibodies to BVD. The positive seroprevalence was 59.10%, which confirms the presence of the BVD causal agent in the evaluated herd. The results show that there are worrying rates of dissemination of BVDV in the evaluated cattle herd. For the success of BVD control and prevention, the management of herds should be adapted through the implementation of health programs adapted to avoid the introduction of infection in the herd, identification and elimination of PI animals and vaccination of breeding animals, in addition to a serological survey animals for reproduction, such actions are of paramount importance for the sanitary and productive control of the sector.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O Pestivirus é o agente patológico da diarreia viral bovina (BVD), responsável por grandes perdas econômicas para o setor produtivo da bovinocultura, pois a infecção por esse vírus (BVDV) é frequentemente associada a várias patologias gastroentéricas e/ou respiratórias, doença hemorrágica e problemas reprodutivos. O presente estudo buscou determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos contra o vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV) em gado não vacinado, proveniente de duas propriedades localizadas no Município de Uruguaiana/RS, através da prova de ELISA. Foram coletadas 66 amostras de soro de animais em duas propriedades de criação de corte em sistema de manejo extensivo. Tais amostras foram submetidas ao teste de ELISA para a pesquisa de anticorpos contra BVD. Os testes realizados resultaram em 39 amostras soropositivas, 19 negativas e 8 suspeitas para anticorpos contra o BVD. A soroprevalência positiva foi de 59,10%, o que confirma a presença do agente causador da BVD no rebanho avaliado. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que há taxas preocupantes de disseminação do BVDV no rebanho bovino avaliado. Para o sucesso do controle e prevenção da BVD, deve-se adequar o manejo dos rebanhos através da implantação de programas de saúde adaptados para evitar a introdução da infeção no rebanho, identificação e eliminação de animais PI e vacinação de animais reprodutores, além de levantamento sorológico prévio dos animais destinados à reprodução, tais ações são de suma importância para o controle sanitário e produtivo do setor.

The Pestivirus is the pathological agent of the bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), responsible for the great economical losses to the productive sector of bovine culture, since (BVDV) infection is frequently associated to innumerous pathologies and/or respiratory pathologies, hemorrhagic disease and reproductive issues. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of antibodies against the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in non-vaccinated cattle, from two properties located in the city of Uruguaiana/RS, through the ELISE test. Sixty – six animal serum samples were collected and two cutting – off properties under an extensive management system. These samples were submitted to the ELISA test for antibodies against BVD. The tests performed resulted in 39 seropositive samples, 19 negative and 8 suspected antibodies to BVD. The positive seroprevalence was 59.10%, which confirms the presence of the BVD causal agent in the evaluated herd. The results show that there are worrying rates of dissemination of BVDV in the evaluated cattle herd. For the success of BVD control and prevention, the management of herds should be adapted through the implementation of health programs adapted to avoid the introduction of infection in the herd, identification and elimination of PI animals and vaccination of breeding animals, in addition to a serological survey animals for reproduction, such actions are of paramount importance for the sanitary and productive control of the sector.

Assuntos