RESUMO
This text gives a brief reconstruction of the process of impeachment of Brazil's President Dilma Rousseff, which was a 'coup' effected through parliament, and situates it at the end of three periods of politics in the Brazilian republic: the first, broader, and democratizing; the second, the age of the PT (Workers' Party) as the force with the hegemony on the left; and the third, shorter, the cycle of its governments. Together, these phases constitute a crisis of the republic, although not a rupture of the country's institutional structure, nor a 'State of Exception'. The paper puts forward three main issues: the developmentalist project implemented by the governments of the PT, in alliance with Brazil's construction companies; the role of the judiciary, and in particular of 'Operation Carwash'; and the conflict-beset relationship between the new evangelical churches and the LGBT social movements. The essay concludes with an assessment of the defeat and isolation of the left at this moment, and also suggests that democracy, in particular, could be the kernel of a renewed project of the left.
Assuntos
Governo , Política , Brasil , Democracia , HumanosRESUMO
Resumo Este texto reconstrói brevemente o processo de impeachment da presidenta Dilma Rousseff, que consistiu em um golpe parlamentar, situando-o no fim de três ciclos políticos da república brasileira - o primeiro, mais amplo, democratizante; o segundo, do PT como força hegemônica na esquerda; e, finalmente, o terceiro, mais curto, o ciclo de seus governos. Em seu conjunto isso constitui uma crise da república, embora não uma ruptura institucional ou um "estado de exceção". O artigo avança então para analisar três questões principais: o projeto desenvolvimentista implementado pelos governos do PT em aliança com as construtoras; o papel do judiciário e em particular da operação Lava-Jato; e a relação conflituosa entre as novas igrejas evangélicas e os movimentos sociais LGBT. O artigo conclui com uma avaliação da derrota e do isolamento da esquerda neste momento, assim como sugere a democracia em particular como o cerne de um projeto renovado da esquerda.
Abstract This text gives a brief reconstruction of the process of impeachment of Brazil's President Dilma Rousseff, which was a 'coup' effected through parliament, and situates it at the end of three periods of politics in the Brazilian republic: the first, broader, and democratizing; the second, the age of the PT (Workers' Party) as the force with the hegemony on the left; and the third, shorter, the cycle of its governments. Together, these phases constitute a crisis of the republic, although not a rupture of the country's institutional structure, nor a 'State of Exception'. The paper puts forward three main issues: the developmentalist project implemented by the governments of the PT, in alliance with Brazil's construction companies; the role of the judiciary, and in particular of 'Operation Carwash'; and the conflict-beset relationship between the new evangelical churches and the LGBT social movements. The essay concludes with an assessment of the defeat and isolation of the left at this moment, and also suggests that democracy, in particular, could be the kernel of a renewed project of the left.
Assuntos
Humanos , Política , Governo , Brasil , DemocraciaRESUMO
Universalism and particularism have become essential structural issues for modern thought and lead to distinct definitions of democracy, citizenship, and social policy. Challenging Habermas and the Habermasians, the current article argues that democracy can never be identified with domination. Meanwhile, contesting Chatterjee and Foucault, the author reaffirms citizenship and law in their various forms in relation to both bounded and unbounded serialities as the basis for democracy, beyond and despite governability. Latin America and especially Brazil provide the empirical focus for the discussion, albeit mediated by other countries, particularly India.
L'universalisme et le particularisme deviennent des questions essentielles à la structuration de la pensée moderne, amenant à différentes conceptions de démocratie, citoyenneté et politique sociale. Dans ce texte on soutient, à l'inverse d'Habermas et ses disciples, qu'on ne peut jamais assimiler démocratie à domination. De même, contre Chatterjee et Foucault, on réaffirme la citoyenneté et le droit, sous leurs diverses formes, par rapport à des sérialités aussi bien ouvertes que fermées, comme étant la base de la démocratie, au-delà de la gouvernabilité et malgré celle-ci. L'Amérique Latine, et surtout le Brésil, sert de centre empirique de la discussion, sous la médiation d'autres pays, spécialement l'Inde.
RESUMO
The work of Italian-German sociologist Gino Germani has traditionally been classified as functionalist. However, recent studies have tended to change this perspective, emphasizing other important influences in his work. Against the backdrop of his broader theory, the objective of this article is to analyze, on the one hand, his perception, in the Latin American transition to modernity, of freedom as the essential issue in politics and daily life, and on the other, how this translates into a theory of action that remains overlooked, although only recently have equivalents been found in Sociology, with his theory being more advanced in certain aspects than contemporary proposals in this direction.