RESUMO
To determine the risk factors associated with adverse aortic remodeling after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection, we performed a retrospective analysis of 54 patients between January 2009 and June 2012 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. All patients underwent TEVAR of the descending thoracic aorta. Multiple-logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with aortic remodeling. True-lumen and false-lumen volumes were increased (P < 0.001) and decreased (P < 0.001) after surgery, respectively. Therefore, the remodeling index increased after surgery (1.04 ± 0.6 to 2.06 ± 1.12, P < 0.001). Remodeling index and true-lumen volume were higher in the favorable aortic remodeling group compared to the adverse aortic remodeling group (P < 0.001), while the false-lumen volume was lower in the favorable aortic remodeling group (P < 0.001). Multivariate analyses revealed a branch originating from the false lumen (OR = 39.9, P < 0.01) and multiple tears (OR = 27.4, P < 0.01) to be independent risk factors for adverse aortic remodeling. Therefore, a branch originating from the false lumen and multiple tears were determined to be independent risk factors for adverse aortic remodeling after TEVAR in patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection.
Assuntos
Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/patologia , Dissecção Aórtica/patologia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Remodelação Vascular , Idoso , Dissecção Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Dissecção Aórtica/cirurgia , Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aorta Torácica/patologia , Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/cirurgia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Stents , Fatores de Tempo , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Herein, the preparation of a dendritic cell (DC) vaccine with radiation-induced apoptotic tumor cells and its immunological effects on bladder cancer in C57BL/6 mice was investigated. We used radiation to obtain a MB49 cell antigen that was sensitive to bone marrow-derived DCs to prepare a DC vaccine. An animal model of tumor-bearing mice was established with the MB49 mouse bladder cancer cell line. Animals were randomly allocated to an experimental group or control group. DC vaccine or phosphate-buffered saline was given 7 days before inoculation with tumor cells. Each group consisted of 2 subgroups in which tumor volume and the survival of tumor-bearing mice were recorded. Tumor volumes and average tumor masses of mice administered DC vaccine loaded with radiation-induced apoptotic cells were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). Survival in the experimental group was also longer than that in the control group, and 2 mice survived without tumor formation. In the DC vaccine group, 2 mice were alive without tumor growth after 30 days, and no tumor was observed at 30 days after subcutaneous inoculation of MB49 cells. The DC vaccine loaded with radiation-induced apoptotic tumor cells had an anti-tumor effect and was associated with increased survival in a bladder cancer model in mice.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Apoptose/efeitos da radiação , Vacinas Anticâncer/imunologia , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/imunologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Animais , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Contagem de Células , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Técnicas de Cocultura , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Carga Tumoral , Raios XRESUMO
The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two concentrations of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) for the treatment of hemifacial spasm. We randomly divided 20 patients with hemifacial spasm into high- and low-concentration groups; they were administered 50 and 25 U/mL BTX-A injection, respectively. Further, we compared the curative effects and the occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups. Our results showed that both the concentrations of BTX-A were effective and no significant difference was observed in the onset time and therapeutic efficacy between the two groups; however, the duration of efficacy was longer in the high-concentration group than in the low-concentration group. Patients in both groups had no allergic reactions and systemic toxic reactions, but those in the high-concentration group had more serious adverse reactions and they lasted for longer durations. The adverse reactions in the two groups were not specifically treated, and they resolved in a relatively short time. In conclusion, local injection of BTX-A was effective in treating hemifacial spasm and each concentration of BTX-A had advantages and disadvantages, which indicated that the concentration of BTX-A can be selected according to the clinical characteristics and willingness of the patients.
Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/administração & dosagem , Espasmo Hemifacial/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/efeitos adversos , Estudos Cross-Over , Método Duplo-Cego , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/patologia , Feminino , Espasmo Hemifacial/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Protein phosphatase magnesium/manganese-dependent 1D (PPM1D) is a p53-induced phosphatase that functions as a negative regulator of stress response pathways and has oncogenic properties. However, the functional role of PPM1D in bladder cancer (BC) remains largely unknown. In the present study, lentivirus vectors carrying small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting PPM1D were used to explore the effects of PPM1D knockdown on BC cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. shRNA-mediated knockdown of PPM1D significantly inhibited cell growth and colony forming ability in the BC cell lines 5637 and T24. Flow cytometric analysis showed that PPM1D silencing increased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase. Downregulation of PPM1D also inhibited 5637 cell tumorigenicity in nude mice. The results of the present study suggest that PPM1D plays a potentially important role in BC tumorigenicity, and lentivirus-mediated delivery of shRNA against PPM1D might be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of BC.
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Fosfoproteínas Fosfatases/fisiologia , Interferência de RNA/fisiologia , RNA Interferente Pequeno/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Carcinogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação para Baixo , Citometria de Fluxo , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Vetores Genéticos , Lentivirus/genética , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Fosfoproteínas Fosfatases/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Estresse Fisiológico/genética , Ensaio Tumoral de Célula-Tronco , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/terapiaRESUMO
Protein phosphatase magnesium/manganese-dependent 1D (PPM1D) is a p53-induced phosphatase that functions as a negative regulator of stress response pathways and has oncogenic properties. However, the functional role of PPM1D in bladder cancer (BC) remains largely unknown. In the present study, lentivirus vectors carrying small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting PPM1D were used to explore the effects of PPM1D knockdown on BC cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. shRNA-mediated knockdown of PPM1D significantly inhibited cell growth and colony forming ability in the BC cell lines 5637 and T24. Flow cytometric analysis showed that PPM1D silencing increased the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase. Downregulation of PPM1D also inhibited 5637 cell tumorigenicity in nude mice. The results of the present study suggest that PPM1D plays a potentially important role in BC tumorigenicity, and lentivirus-mediated delivery of shRNA against PPM1D might be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of BC.
Assuntos
Fosfoproteínas Fosfatases/fisiologia , Interferência de RNA/fisiologia , RNA Interferente Pequeno/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Animais , Carcinogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação para Baixo , Citometria de Fluxo , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Vetores Genéticos , Humanos , Lentivirus/genética , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Fosfoproteínas Fosfatases/genética , Proteína Fosfatase 2C , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Estresse Fisiológico/genética , Ensaio Tumoral de Célula-Tronco , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/terapiaRESUMO
Lambing performance of sheep is the most important economic trait and is regarded as a critic factoring affecting the productivity in sheep industry. Ovary plays the most roles in lambing trait. To establish the optimum two-dimensional electrophoresis system (2-DE) of ovine ovarian tissue, the common protein extraction methods of animal tissue (trichloroacetic acid/acetone precipitation and direct schizolysis methods) were used to extract ovine ovarian protein, and 17-cm nonlinear immobilized PH 3-10 gradient strips were used for 2-DE. The sample handling, loading quantity of the protein sample, and isoelectric focusing (IEF) steps were manipulated and optimized in this study. The results indicate that the direct schizolysis III method, a 200-µg loading quantity of the protein sample, and IEF steps II (20°C active hydration, 14 hâ500 V, 1 hâ1000 V 1 hâ1000-9000 V, 6 hâ80,000 VHâ500 V 24 h) are optimal for 2-DE analysis of ovine ovarian tissue. Therefore, ovine ovarian tissue proteomics 2-DE was preliminarily established by the optimized conditions in this study; meanwhile, the conditions identified herein could provide a reference for ovarian sample preparation and 2-DE using tissues from other animals.
Assuntos
Eletroforese em Gel Bidimensional/métodos , Ovário/metabolismo , Proteoma/análise , Proteômica/métodos , Acetona/química , Animais , Precipitação Química , Feminino , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Focalização Isoelétrica , Proteoma/isolamento & purificação , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Ovinos , Ácido Tricloroacético/químicaRESUMO
With-no-lysine (K) kinase-4 (WNK4) is a newly cloned kinase-encoding gene that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of electrolyte homeostasis. Mutations of WNK4 can cause pseudohypoaldosteronism type α, an autosomal dominant disease characterized by hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis and hypertension. We explored the expression and regulatory mechanism of WNK4 in the human kidneys, which is a key regulator of blood pressure. Expression of WNK4 was determined by RT-PCR. Transcription initiation site and regulatory elements in the promoter region of WNK4 were systematically analyzed with a combined set of experimental and bioinformatic methods. Using 5'-RACE, we have determined the transcription initiation site. We identified a number of putative cis-acting elements by analysis of the promoter region with the TRANSFAC-TESS software; these were subsequently confirmed with an electrophoresis mobility shift assay. As confirmed by a CAT-ELISA reporter assay, the promoter region of WNK4 has a high level of transcriptional activity. Several hormones, in particular dexamethasone, can suppress the level of WNK4 mRNA. These results have shed light on the regulatory mechanism of WNK4 expression in kidneys, as well as the influence of various hormones on expression levels. This should prove useful for studies on the roles of WNK4 in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
Assuntos
Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Rim/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/genética , Transcrição Gênica , Sequência de Bases , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Sítio de Iniciação de Transcrição , Transcrição Gênica/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
We studied a family with two cousins who were diagnosed with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, an X-linked disorder caused by mutations in the androgen receptor gene. A pedigree analysis and a molecular study using PCR and DNA sequencing clarified each female family member's androgen receptor status and revealed a mutation consisting of the deletion of exon 2 and surrounding introns of the androgen receptor gene. Based on the relative nucleotide positions, we concluded that the deletion mutation in exon 2 and its surrounding introns was approximately 6000 to 7000 bp. This mutation, never previously fully characterized using DNA sequencing, was responsible for complete androgen insensitivity syndrome in this family. Pedigree analysis with a molecular study of the androgen receptor gene in affected families facilitates genetic counseling provided to family members.