RESUMO

On this study, we used camera traps in a Semi deciduous Seasonal Forest, northeast of Brazil, to estimate the frequencies of occurrence of two Neotropical herbivorous mammals: the spotted paca (Cuniculus paca) and the tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis), analyzing their seasonal variations of spatial distribution. We also characterized the activity pattern of the species and their seasonal variation. The herbivorous frequencies of occurrence were constant during all the seasons. In general, both species were mostly active at night. However, between the rainy and dry season, we identified differences in spotted paca activity peaks. Here we present one of the first studies on the tapeti, whose ecology is understudied. Our results also show a general view of the spotted paca and tapeti behavior strategies to seasonal variations. Due to the scarce food resource in the dry season, possibly these herbivorous need to search for different kinds of food available IFS around.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The mosaic of protected areas of Boqueirão da Onça (8.636 km²), created in the north of Bahia state, is located in the Caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome, but exposed to a range of anthropic impacts that threaten its species and natural resources. Few data are available for various zoological groups in Caatinga, including mammals. In order to characterize the community of mammals of this region, considering species richness, we installed 80 camera-trap stations. With a sampling effort of 10,370 camera-days we recorded 28 species (22 wild and six domestic). Opportunistically, we recorded four mammals, resulting in a total richness of 32 species, five of which are included in the global list of endangered species, and seven in the national list. The results are significant, since the richness of wild mammals of the Boqueirão da Onça (S = 26) presented a high value when compared to other Caatinga localities. During the study we found evidence of human activities threatening the conservation of the region, such as poaching and deforestation. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the publication of the Management Plan of the recently created Boqueirão da Onça National Park, to minimize negative impacts on biodiversity and ensure the maintenance of ecological processes.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The mosaic of protected areas of Boqueirão da Onça (8.636 km²), created in the north of Bahia state, is located in the Caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome, but exposed to a range of anthropic impacts that threaten its species and natural resources. Few data are available for various zoological groups in Caatinga, including mammals. In order to characterize the community of mammals of this region, considering species richness, we installed 80 camera-trap stations. With a sampling effort of 10,370 camera-days we recorded 28 species (22 wild and six domestic). Opportunistically, we recorded four mammals, resulting in a total richness of 32 species, five of which are included in the global list of endangered species, and seven in the national list. The results are significant, since the richness of wild mammals of the Boqueirão da Onça (S = 26) presented a high value when compared to other Caatinga localities. During the study we found evidence of human activities threatening the conservation of the region, such as poaching and deforestation. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the publication of the Management Plan of the recently created Boqueirão da Onça National Park, to minimize negative impacts on biodiversity and ensure the maintenance of ecological processes.

Assuntos

RESUMO

On this study, we used camera traps in a Semi deciduous Seasonal Forest, northeast of Brazil, to estimate the frequencies of occurrence of two Neotropical herbivorous mammals: the spotted paca (Cuniculus paca) and the tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis), analyzing their seasonal variations of spatial distribution. We also characterized the activity pattern of the species and their seasonal variation. The herbivorous frequencies of occurrence were constant during all the seasons. In general, both species were mostly active at night. However, between the rainy and dry season, we identified differences in spotted paca activity peaks. Here we present one of the first studies on the tapeti, whose ecology is understudied. Our results also show a general view of the spotted paca and tapeti behavior strategies to seasonal variations. Due to the scarce food resource in the dry season, possibly these herbivorous need to search for different kinds of food available IFS around.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Diet is a key niche axis. Therefore, its analysis may provide important insights into the ecology of carnivores. Here, we provide data on the diet of Procyon cancrivorus, Leopardus pardalis, and Puma yagouaroundi by analyzing feces collected along trails in Grota do Angico Natural Monument (2,183ha), between Poço Redondo and Canindé de São Francisco, Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil. Arthropods are the major item of the diet of the three species. Additionally, fruits was the second most representative category (24.8%) in the diet of P. cancrivorus, followed by vertebrates (14.7%). On the other hand, vertebrates was the second most important food item of felid diet, with small mammals being the most frequent item in the diet of P. yagouaroundi (17.4%), while reptiles and birds (23.1%) were the most frequent item in the diet of L. pardalis. Our results indicate that the species analyzed are opportunistic. These data contributes to our understanding of the trophic ecology of these species, especially in a highly threatened and poorly studied biome, such as the Caatinga.

A dieta é uma das mais relevantes dimensões do nicho e sua análise fornece informações importantes sobre a ecologia dos carnívoros. As dietas de Procyon cancrivorus, Leopardus pardalis e Puma yagouaroundi foram descritas através da análise de fezes coletadas ao longo de trilhas no Monumento Natural Grota do Angico (2.183ha), localizado entre os municípios de Poço Redondo e Canindé de São Francisco, estado de Sergipe. Os artrópodes compreendem a maior parte da dieta das três espécies. Na dieta de P. cancrivorus, os frutos foram a segunda categoria mais representativa (24,8%), seguida de vertebrados (14,7%). Para os felinos, os vertebrados foram o segundo item alimentar mais importante, sendo os pequenos mamíferos mais frequentes na dieta do P. yagouaroundi (17,4%) e répteis e aves (23,1%) mais frequentes na de L. pardalis. Os resultados deste estudo indicam a natureza oportunista dos carnívoros estudados no Monumento Natural Grota do Angico. Essas informações contribuem para uma melhor compreensão sobre a ecologia trófica dessas espécies, especialmente em um bioma altamente ameaçado e pouco estudado como a Caatinga.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Diet is a key niche axis. Therefore, its analysis may provide important insights into the ecology of carnivores. Here, we provide data on the diet of Procyon cancrivorus, Leopardus pardalis, and Puma yagouaroundi by analyzing feces collected along trails in Grota do Angico Natural Monument (2,183ha), between Poço Redondo and Canindé de São Francisco, Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil. Arthropods are the major item of the diet of the three species. Additionally, fruits was the second most representative category (24.8%) in the diet of P. cancrivorus, followed by vertebrates (14.7%). On the other hand, vertebrates was the second most important food item of felid diet, with small mammals being the most frequent item in the diet of P. yagouaroundi (17.4%), while reptiles and birds (23.1%) were the most frequent item in the diet of L. pardalis. Our results indicate that the species analyzed are opportunistic. These data contributes to our understanding of the trophic ecology of these species, especially in a highly threatened and poorly studied biome, such as the Caatinga.(AU)

A dieta é uma das mais relevantes dimensões do nicho e sua análise fornece informações importantes sobre a ecologia dos carnívoros. As dietas de Procyon cancrivorus, Leopardus pardalis e Puma yagouaroundi foram descritas através da análise de fezes coletadas ao longo de trilhas no Monumento Natural Grota do Angico (2.183ha), localizado entre os municípios de Poço Redondo e Canindé de São Francisco, estado de Sergipe. Os artrópodes compreendem a maior parte da dieta das três espécies. Na dieta de P. cancrivorus, os frutos foram a segunda categoria mais representativa (24,8%), seguida de vertebrados (14,7%). Para os felinos, os vertebrados foram o segundo item alimentar mais importante, sendo os pequenos mamíferos mais frequentes na dieta do P. yagouaroundi (17,4%) e répteis e aves (23,1%) mais frequentes na de L. pardalis. Os resultados deste estudo indicam a natureza oportunista dos carnívoros estudados no Monumento Natural Grota do Angico. Essas informações contribuem para uma melhor compreensão sobre a ecologia trófica dessas espécies, especialmente em um bioma altamente ameaçado e pouco estudado como a Caatinga.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A redução dos habitats dos carnívoros que necessitam de grandes áreas de vida tem ameaçado seriamente muitas espécies em todo o planeta, cujas causas estão relacionadas, quase sempre, às atividades antrópicas. Nesse sentido, esforços de pesquisa de campo são imprescindíveis, de modo a contribuir com informações sobre ocorrência e estado de conservação das espécies. Este estudo teve como objetivo inventariar a fauna de carnívoros da Serra dos Macacos em Tobias Barreto/SE. Entre outubro de 2010 e agosto de 2011, os carnívoros foram registrados através de 20 armadilhas de pegadas de 1m² cada, dispostas ao longo de quatro transectos. Cada transecto era composto por cinco armadilhas equidistantes 20 m, que permaneciam iscadas durante duas noites consecutivas por campanha. A busca direta por vestígios ocorreu percorrendo-se aleatoriamente trilhas e estradas, cujos percursos variaram entre 1200 m e 12 km e entrevistas foram realizadas com 30 moradores locais. Foram registradas oito espécies de carnívoros: Cerdocyon thous, Procyon cancrivorus, Conepatus semistriatus, Galictis cuja, Eira barbara, Leopardus pardalis, Puma yagouaroundi e Leopardus spp. No total foram obtidos 42 registros de carnívoros, sendo 14 pelas armadilhas de pegada e 28 pela busca por vestígios, resultando em cinco espécies registradas por ambos os métodos e estimada 5,9 ± 0,9 pelo Jackknife 1. Não houve diferença no número de registros entre as estações seca e chuvosa (t = -1,1767; p = 0,4532). As três espécies mais abundantes (P. cancrivorus, C. thous e C. semistriatus) corresponderam a cerca de 88% dos registros obtidos, enquanto os felinos foram menos abundantes. Acredita-se que os fragmentos florestais da Serra dos Macacos sejam mantenedores da diversidade observada, proporcionando abrigo e outros recursos, mas que estão seriamente ameaçados devido à ação antrópica.

The worldwide anthropogenic reduction of the habitat available to carnivores that depend on large home ranges has seriously threatened many species. In this context, reliable data on the occurrence and abundance of species are vital to conservation efforts. This study inventoried the carnivore fauna of the Serra dos Macacos in Tobias Barreto, Sergipe (Brazil). Between October 2010 and August 2011, carnivores were recorded using 20 track plots each measuring 1m², arranged along four transects. Each transect was composed of five traps 20 m apart, which were baited on two consecutive nights during each field campaign. Vestiges were also identified during active searches of existing trails and roads with lengths ranging from 1200 m to 12 km and additional information was collected in interviews with 30 local residents. Eight carnivore species were recorded: Cerdocyon thous, Procyon cancrivorus, Conepatus semistriatus, Galictis cuja, Eira barbara, Leopardus pardalis, Puma yagouaroundi and Leopardus sp. A total 42 records were obtained, 14 in the track plots and 28 in the active search for vestiges, with five species being recorded by each method and a total of estimated 5.9±0.9 being estimated by the Jackknife 1. There was no difference in the number of records between the dry and rainy seasons (t = -1,1767; p = 0,4532). The three most abundant species (P. cancrivorus, C. thous, and C. semistriatus) corresponded to approximately 88% of the records, while the felines were less abundant. It is believed that the forest fragments at Serra dos Macacos contribute to the maintenance of local diversity carnivore diversity by providing shelter and other resources, although these habitats are seriously threatened by ongoing human activities.

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