RESUMO
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor. Early diagnosis remains a major challenge, mainly because of the lack of specific biomarkers. We performed miRNAs expression analysis through qPCR in affected and paired healthy bone derived from osteosarcoma patients. Hierarchical clustering using the top ten miRNAs with differential expression showed two main clusters. One integrated by patients with the presence of metastasis or relapse and the other without these complications. Further pathway enrichment analysis reduced to four main miRNAs, hsa-miR-486-3p, hsa-miR-355-5p, hsa-miR-34a-5p and hsa-miR-1228-3p. Afterwards, we compared patients with and without metastasis, the function enrichment analysis along with review of relevant literature, showed that hsa-miR-93-5p and hsa-miR-28-5p were associated with metastasis development. Our results support the relevance of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma and contribute with evidence regarding the potential role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers. More studies are needed to define the most informative miRNAs in osteosarcoma patients.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , MicroRNAs/genética , Osteossarcoma/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Neoplasias Ósseas/genética , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Invasividade Neoplásica/genética , Osteossarcoma/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone neoplasia affecting individuals in the second decade of life. The survival rate has not been improved during the last 25 years, in part because of the lack of specific markers. The microRNAs have been identified as important regulators of gene expression, experimental evidence suggests these molecules as key players in cancer development and progression. To identify miRNAs differentially expressed in serum from patients with osteosarcoma compared to healthy donors in Mexican population. Fifteen osteosarcoma patients and fifteen age and sex matched healthy individuals were recruited. Two pools of total RNA extracted from serum per study group were prepared and the miRNA expression profiles were analyzed through TaqMan Low Density Arrays. Validation was carried out through RT-qPCR using individual TaqMan assays for those miRNAs differentially expressed. Fifteen miRNAs were differentially expressed in osteosarcoma patients compared to healthy controls. Overexpression of miR-215-5p and miR-642a-5p was confirmed by validation through RT-qPCR. The expression analysis of miRNAs from serum in osteosarcoma patients revealed differential expression of miR-215-5p and miR-642a-5p. Both microRNAs are potential markers for osteosarcoma diagnosis.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico , MicroRNAs/sangue , Osteossarcoma/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Masculino , México , MicroRNAs/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Pediatric age is the group mainly affected by bone tumors. The objectives of this work were: (1) To determine which are the bone tumors and pseudotumoral lesions more frequent in the group of age from 0 to 14 years; (2) To determine if there are differences in the frequency of the tumors and pseudotumoral lesions between different subgroups and (3) To determine if there is any difference in the frequency of the different tumors according to gender. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on the Pathology files of the National Institute of Rehabilitation. Inclusion criteria were: all cases between January 2000 and December 2006 diagnosed by hystopathological means as bone tumor or pseudotumoral lesion, with an age of presentation between 0 to 14 years were included. RESULTS: Frequency of bone tumors and pseudotumoral lesions in this series were: osteocondroma (44%), osteosarcoma (15.2%), fibrous dysplasia (10.4%) and encondroma (8.8%). We observed differences in the bone tumors or pseudotumor-like lesions frequency between the 3 subgroups of age studied.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: We consider of great importance knowing the types of bone tumors and tumor-like lesions in adults and the elderly, which are increasing in proportion in our country. OBJECTIVES: (1) To analyze the frequency of bone tumors and tumor-like lesions in adults and elderly; (2) to determine any difference between these two groups; (3) and to analyze the most frequent sites of involvement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study that consisted in a retrolective review of all cases classified as a bone tumor or a tumorlike condition from year 2000-2006. We included all patients that presented with a bone tumor or tumor-like condition above 40 years-old. RESULTS: The most frequent diagnoses in patients between 40 and 60 years-old were plasmocytoma/myeloma (19.4%); giant cell tumor (14.1%) and metastases (12.3%). In patients older than 60 years, prevalence of bone tumor and tumor-like lesion was respectively: metastases (37.2%); plasmocytoma/myeloma (11.8%) and malignant fibrous histiocytoma (6.7%). Several differences were observed between these two groups.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/epidemiologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin is an efficient agent as a tumor marker. Several studies have proven its efficiency in detection and localization of tumors of the breast, larynx, thyroid, parathyroid glands, lung, brain, skin, lymphatic and musculoskeletal tissues with a sensitivity and specificity of 95% to 100%. It is used as a predictor of therapy efficacy and to localize remaining and recurrent tissue as well as local and distant extension. OBJECTIVE: To determine the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of the three-phase 99mTc-Tetrofosmin scan in detection of malignant lesions of the musculoskeletal tissue. METHODS: Seventy-three patients of both genders with suspected malignant musculoskeletal lesions were studied by three-phase (vascular, tissue and delayed images) 99mTc-tectrofosmin scans. RESULTS: One-hundred-percent sensitivity, 67.3% specificity, 55% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. CONCLUSION: Three-phase 99mTc-tectrofosmin scan is useful in detection of malignant lesions of the musculoskeletal system due to its high sensitivity and positive predictive value. Nevertheless, benign pathology such as active inflammation is a source of false positives and the attending physician must consider the aid of complementary studies such as histopathology.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Musculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Compostos Organofosforados , Compostos de Organotecnécio , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Prospectivos , Cintilografia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The objectives of this work were: (1) To determine the prevalence of bone neoplasms and pseudoneoplasms lesions in a group of adolescents (15 to 19 years), (2) To determine the more frequent bone neoplasms and pseudoneoplasms lesions in a group of young adults (29 to 39 years), (3) To determine if there are differences in the frequency of bone neoplasms and pseudoneoplasms lesions between the group of adolescents and the group of young adults and (4) To determine if there is any difference according to gender. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study that consisted in the review of the Pathology Department files in the National Institute of Rehabilitation. We included all patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of bone neoplasms or pseudoneoplasms lesion from January 2000 to December 2006 within the age of presentation from 15 to 19 or 20 to 39 years. RESULTS: The five more frequent bone neoplasms and pseudoneoplasms lesions in adolescents were osteochondroma, osteosarcoma, chondroblastoma, non-ossifying fibroma and aneurysmal bone cyst. In young adults the five more frequent were: giant cell neoplasm, osteosarcoma, osteochondroma, fibrous dysplasia and enchondroma.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The purpose of this paper is to present the orthopedic-oncologic and functional outcomes of internal partial hemipelvectomy for a secondary giant pelvic chondrosarcoma in a patient with multiple hereditary osteochondromatosis.
Assuntos
Condrossarcoma/cirurgia , Exostose Múltipla Hereditária , Hemipelvectomia/métodos , Neoplasias Pélvicas/cirurgia , Adulto , Transplante Ósseo , Condrossarcoma/genética , Terapia Combinada , Embolização Terapêutica , Feminino , Rejeição de Enxerto , Humanos , Hipertermia Induzida , Ílio/patologia , Ílio/cirurgia , Neoplasias Pélvicas/genéticaRESUMO
DESIGN: Report of cases. OBJECTIVE: Review of the cases in a period of 10 years with bone and soft tumors in foot and ankle, to knowing epidemilogical, clinic and patologic anatomy parameters to describe the behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Review of 166 cases from 1991 to 2000 and been analyze with descriptive statistic, association measurment for inside stratum, with odds ratio, hipótesis test with chi square for qualitative date and t to Student for quantitative date. RESULTS: 166 patients within 2 years to 78 years old, 81 with bone tumors and 79 with soft tumors, mostly benign, the most frequent was in the soft tissue ganglion and oseal benign exostosis in bone, 6 different malignant tumors, the principal affected zone were the toes, as a difference to literature, the most affected age group was 10 to 20 years followed to the 30 to 40 years old, we report 42 different patological diagnostics results to soft tissue and osseous tissue. CONCLUSION: clinical features is not a useful parameter to differentiate between malign or benign tumors and does not allow to establish the biological behavior, we propose the diagnostic algorithm that includes the intentional clinical probe, comparative X-ray in three projections with soft technique, in suspicion to malignant lesion may require CT scan, MRI, osseous scan and finally biopsy which will improve the final outcome.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/epidemiologia , Doenças do Pé/epidemiologia , Joelho , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Cistos Ósseos/diagnóstico , Cistos Ósseos/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Exostose/diagnóstico , Exostose/epidemiologia , Feminino , Doenças do Pé/diagnóstico , Cistos Glanglionares/diagnóstico , Cistos Glanglionares/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteocondroma/diagnóstico , Osteocondroma/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/diagnósticoRESUMO
Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 12 años de edad el cual cursa con una lesión ósea en fémur distal izquierdo, diagnosticado como histiocitoma fibroso benigno de comportamiento agresivo. El tratamiento se realiza mediante resección segmentaria de la lesión ósea. El segmento se sometió a esterilización en autoclave a 125 ºC por 15 minutos. Posteriormente se aplicó sobre el injerto de médula ósea y se reimplantó en su sitio estabilizándose con clavo centromedular bloqueado de Colchero. Se vigila la evolución clínica y radiográfica del paciente, encontrándose integración del hueso esterilizado al resto del fémur así como la funcionalidad de la extremidad realizando marcha y apoyo a los 3 meses y se revisa los antecedentes bibliográficos.