RESUMO
Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) exerts major pro-inflammatory, regulatory, and anti-inflammatory actions in immune defense responses. In asthma the infiltration of eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes is a critical event. Chemokines stimulate the migration of the susceptible subset of inflammatory cells. The chemokine receptors CCR-3 are mainly expressed in eosinophils, basophils, and Th2 cells. More recently it has been demonstrated that the IFN-gamma downregulates the expression of some chemokine receptors. IgE determinations were performed using an ELISA for total IgE Peripheral blood leukocytes from patients and controls were isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. The cells were incubated in the absence or presence of 500 IU/ml of recombinant human IFN-gamma for different times. After incubation the cells were washed and lyzed for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. RT-PCR was performed using a Perkin-Elmer kit. The amplified bands were run in 2% agarose gels and quantified. The basal levels of CCR-3 in asthmatic patients with IgE > 150 IU/ml tend to be higher than in controls. IFN-gamma down-regulates the expression of CCR-3 in peripheral blood leukocytes from asthmatics with IgE >150 IU/ml, when compared with the basal levels of expression. In conclusions, through the modification of the expression of CCR-3 in peripheral blood leukocytes from atopic asthmatics, IFN-gamma could exert a beneficial effect in patients with asthma, regulating the migration of some inflammatory cells involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Assuntos
Asma/imunologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Interferon gama/farmacologia , Leucócitos/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Receptores de Quimiocinas/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Interferon gama/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptores CCR3 , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
Recombinant interferon (IFN) gamma was used in 10 patients, 6 to 15 years old, with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) for 5 to 11 years, resistant or with severe side effects to other treatments. Six patients had systemic JCA and 4 started as pauciarticular. Three of the latter became polyarticular. Treatment schedule was 50,000 IU-kg daily for 4 weeks, then 3 times per week for 3 months and twice a week up to 2 years. Eight cases had favourable clinical response. Prolonged steroid regime could be suspended in 7/8 cases who previously received it. Two patients with systemic JCA did not respond to IFN treatment. Side effects were fever (9), headache (8), chills (6), distal cyanosis, hypotension, leukopenia and myalgia (2), and vomiting (1). All were mild or moderate. IFN gamma was more tolerable than other drugs and seems to be beneficial for patients with JCA resistant to other treatments.
Assuntos
Artrite Juvenil/terapia , Interferon gama/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Criança , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Proteínas Recombinantes , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The kinetic changes responsible for decreased plasma albumin and the relation between plasma albumin and the edema of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) were investigated by measuring the plasma concentration, fractional (FSR) and intravascular absolute (ASR) synthesis rates of albumin in seven edematous and seven nonedematous children with PEM by using constant intragastric infusions of [2H3] leucine. Studies were done 2 d postadmission (study 1), 8 d postadmission (study 2), and at recovery (study 3). In study 1 there were no significant differences in plasma albumin concentrations in nonedematous and edematous children. In both groups, albumin concentrations but not FSRs were lower in studies 1 and 2 than in study 3. The ASR was lower only in edematous patients. These results suggest that repletion of the albumin pool of children with PEM is not mediated by changes in the FSR, and the edema of malnutrition is not solely due to hypoalbuminemia. (AU)
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Albuminas/farmacocinética , Edema/metabolismo , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/metabolismo , Apolipoproteínas B/metabolismo , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Edema/fisiopatologia , Hemostasia/fisiologia , Leucina/metabolismo , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/fisiopatologia , Albumina Sérica/metabolismo , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyse traumatic injuries to primary teeth in children attending an emergency dental service in a pediatric hospital in Mexico City. A total of 563 children 6-mo to 7 yrs-old were treated during the period from January 1981 to December 1987. The 563 children presented 936 traumatic dental injuries. The most common type of trauma was soft tissue injury, followed by luxation and avulsion. More males presented with traumatic injuries (61.8%) than females (38.2%). In both sexes, maxillary teeth received more traumatic injuries than mandibular teeth. Children 2-3 yrs old presented the highest number of injuries (195) followed by the 4-5 and 6-7 year-olds. The largest number of injuries were seen during winter (36%) followed by summer (25%), spring (21%) and fall (18%).
Assuntos
Avulsão Dentária/epidemiologia , Fraturas dos Dentes/epidemiologia , Dente Decíduo/lesões , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Mandíbula , Maxila , México/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estações do Ano , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
The pediatrician plays a very important role assisting the dental profession for the education of the parents to prevent oral disease and maintain children's oral health. This study shows the results obtained in a survey with 100 pediatricians from different institutions and universities of Mexico, in order to analyze their knowledge on basic dental care. The results will be utilized to prepare a guide that will show to pediatricians the basic concepts that parents should know about prevention of caries, malocclusions, and the teaching of correct oral habits from early years for their children.
Assuntos
Saúde Bucal , Pediatria , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Competência Clínica/estatística & dados numéricos , Profilaxia Dentária , Humanos , México , Pediatria/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
A total of 500 orthopantomographic X-rays of Mexican children and teenagers of either sex, aged 7-18, were studied in order to ascertain the development and calcification stages of their third molars, as well as the most frequent anomalies related with them. It was observed that the dental bud appears between ages nine and eleven, and that the third molar is absent in 32.4% of the population, with a predominance of females over males. It was also found that 7.4% of molars evidenced malposition during their early stages of development. In view of such findings, the authors consider that a diagnosis of oligodontia and malposition of the third molar, cannot be established before age 13.
Assuntos
Dente Serotino/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Odontogênese , Calcificação de Dente , Adolescente , Anodontia/epidemiologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Dente Serotino/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Panorâmica , Germe de Dente/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Impactado/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Five hundred orthopantomograph radiographs of mexican children and adolescent from 7 to 18 tears old were reviewed in order to establish the third molar formation and calcification stages and the most frequent anomalies related to these teeth. We find that tooth bud presence is between 9 and 11 years; Third molar is absent in 32.4% of the population; 7.4% of the molars presented early formation stage malposition; Therefore oligodontia diagnosis and third molar malposition can not be done before 13 years of age.
Assuntos
Dente Serotino/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Odontogênese , Calcificação de Dente , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Anodontia/diagnóstico , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Má Oclusão/diagnóstico , México , Dente Serotino/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Serotino/patologia , Radiografia PanorâmicaRESUMO
This study comprises an analysis of traumatic dental injuries in children, from cases treated at the dental unit of the National Institute of Pediatrics over a period of seven years; a total of 1,444 traumatic injuries were seen in 809 children. Data under study included; type, frequency and site of injury, sex and age of patients, maxilla more often predisposed, dentition most affected by trauma and, finally, time of the year in which more cases occurred.
Assuntos
Traumatismos Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Avulsão Dentária/epidemiologia , Fraturas dos Dentes/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estações do Ano , Traumatismos Dentários , Dente Decíduo/lesõesRESUMO
Male patient, 9 years old 6 months who received an alveolodental traumatism is report: presents horizontal radicular fracture in right upper lateral and both central incisors with displacement of the lower segment of the lateral incisor out of the bone. Fragments were aligned and a splint made of wire and resin was placed for about 21 days. It was not necessary endodontic therapy, and was examined through a year. It was not evident any pulpar pathology or resorption and fragments joint.