RESUMO
In this study, we investigated the costs of transportation for each outpatient consultation in patients referred to specialized surgical evaluation in a tertiary hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Descriptive study with guardians of pediatric patients scheduled for pediatric surgery, questioning transportation cost, and opportunity costs (loss of remuneration, food, payment of caregivers for other children, expenses for other companions). About half patients were aged up to five years; about two thirds had diseases of simple and definitive surgical resolution; and 181 families (89.17%) presented monthly family income up to BRL 1,999.00. The proportion of families that benefited from free transportation ranged from 4.26% to 15.56% for patients living up to 100 km away from the hospital (45.83% for patients living more than 100 km away from the institution). A total of 176 (87.13%) guardians reported expenses buying food, 12 (5.94%) paid caregivers to the other children on the day of the consultation, and 80 (39.6%) reported loss of remuneration for the working day. Among the high complexity cases, 9.33% of the mothers have given up their regular paid employment. Transportation expenses for a pediatric surgery consultation at a reference hospital in Rio de Janeiro cost about 4.42% of the current minimum wage, spending around 217.32 minutes of displacement/consultation. Expenses with food and loss of remuneration due to absence at work also entail significant financial charges or loss of remuneration for the patient at each consultation.
Nesta pesquisa, estudamos os custos de transporte por consulta ambulatorial em pacientes referenciados para avaliação cirúrgica especializada em um hospital terciário no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com responsáveis por pacientes pediátricos agendados para consulta de cirurgia pediátrica, questionando fatores ligados ao custo de transporte e de oportunidade (perda de remuneração, alimentação, pagamento de cuidadores para outros filhos, despesas para outros acompanhantes). Aproximadamente metade dos pacientes tinham até 5 anos de idade, cerca de 2/3 apresentavam doenças de resolutividade cirúrgica simples e definitiva e 181 famílias (89,17%) contavam com renda familiar mensal de até R$ 1.999,00. A proporção de famílias beneficiadas por transporte gratuito variou entre 4,26-15,56% para pacientes morando até 100km de distância do hospital (45,83% para pacientes com residência a mais de 100km da instituição). Dos responsáveis, 176 (87,13%) relataram despesas para alimentação, 12 (5,94%) pagavam cuidadores para os outros filhos no dia da consulta e 80 (39,6%) referiram perda do pagamento do dia de trabalho. Dos casos de alta complexidade, 9,33% das mães entrevistadas abriram mão de exercer atividade remunerada regular. As despesas com transporte para uma consulta em cirurgia pediátrica em um hospital de referência do Rio de Janeiro custam em média 4,42% do salário mínimo vigente, com uma média de 217,32 minutos de deslocamento por consulta. Despesas com alimentação e perda de remuneração pela ausência no trabalho também implicam encargos financeiros ou perda de remuneração significativos para o paciente em cada consulta.
En esta investigación se estudiaron los costes de transporte por visita ambulatoria en pacientes remitidos para evaluación quirúrgica especializada en un hospital de atención terciaria en Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Es un estudio descriptivo con responsables de pacientes pediátricos programados para consulta de cirugía pediátrica, en el que se cuestionaron factores relacionados con el coste del transporte y los costes de oportunidad (pérdida de remuneración, alimentación, pago de cuidadores de otros niños, gastos de otros cuidadores). Aproximadamente la mitad de los pacientes tenían hasta 5 años de edad; cerca de 2/3 presentaban enfermedades de resolución quirúrgica simple y definitiva, 181 familias (89,17%) con renta familiar mensual de hasta BRL 1.999,00. La proporción de familias que se benefician de transporte gratuito varía entre el 4,26% y el 15,56% para los pacientes que viven hasta a 100 km del hospital (45,83% para los pacientes que viven a más de 100 km de la institución). Ciento setenta y seis (87,13%) cuidadores declaran gastos de alimentación, 12 (5,94%) pagan a los cuidadores de sus otros hijos en el día de la consulta y 80 (39,6%) declaran pérdida de salario por la jornada laboral. De los casos de alta complejidad, el 9,33% de las madres entrevistadas habían abandonado su actividad remunerada habitual. Los gastos de transporte para una consulta de cirugía pediátrica en un hospital de referencia de Río de Janeiro cuestan de media el 4,42% del salario mínimo vigente, con una media de 217,32 minutos de tiempo de viaje/consulta. Los gastos de alimentación y la pérdida de salario por ausencia en el trabajo también implican una importante carga económica o pérdida de salario para el paciente en cada cita.
Assuntos
Renda , Salários e Benefícios , Feminino , Criança , Humanos , Idoso , Brasil , Alimentos , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Gastos em SaúdeRESUMO
Nesta pesquisa, estudamos os custos de transporte por consulta ambulatorial em pacientes referenciados para avaliação cirúrgica especializada em um hospital terciário no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com responsáveis por pacientes pediátricos agendados para consulta de cirurgia pediátrica, questionando fatores ligados ao custo de transporte e de oportunidade (perda de remuneração, alimentação, pagamento de cuidadores para outros filhos, despesas para outros acompanhantes). Aproximadamente metade dos pacientes tinham até 5 anos de idade, cerca de 2/3 apresentavam doenças de resolutividade cirúrgica simples e definitiva e 181 famílias (89,17%) contavam com renda familiar mensal de até R$ 1.999,00. A proporção de famílias beneficiadas por transporte gratuito variou entre 4,26-15,56% para pacientes morando até 100km de distância do hospital (45,83% para pacientes com residência a mais de 100km da instituição). Dos responsáveis, 176 (87,13%) relataram despesas para alimentação, 12 (5,94%) pagavam cuidadores para os outros filhos no dia da consulta e 80 (39,6%) referiram perda do pagamento do dia de trabalho. Dos casos de alta complexidade, 9,33% das mães entrevistadas abriram mão de exercer atividade remunerada regular. As despesas com transporte para uma consulta em cirurgia pediátrica em um hospital de referência do Rio de Janeiro custam em média 4,42% do salário mínimo vigente, com uma média de 217,32 minutos de deslocamento por consulta. Despesas com alimentação e perda de remuneração pela ausência no trabalho também implicam encargos financeiros ou perda de remuneração significativos para o paciente em cada consulta.
In this study, we investigated the costs of transportation for each outpatient consultation in patients referred to specialized surgical evaluation in a tertiary hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Descriptive study with guardians of pediatric patients scheduled for pediatric surgery, questioning transportation cost, and opportunity costs (loss of remuneration, food, payment of caregivers for other children, expenses for other companions). About half patients were aged up to five years; about two thirds had diseases of simple and definitive surgical resolution; and 181 families (89.17%) presented monthly family income up to BRL 1,999.00. The proportion of families that benefited from free transportation ranged from 4.26% to 15.56% for patients living up to 100 km away from the hospital (45.83% for patients living more than 100 km away from the institution). A total of 176 (87.13%) guardians reported expenses buying food, 12 (5.94%) paid caregivers to the other children on the day of the consultation, and 80 (39.6%) reported loss of remuneration for the working day. Among the high complexity cases, 9.33% of the mothers have given up their regular paid employment. Transportation expenses for a pediatric surgery consultation at a reference hospital in Rio de Janeiro cost about 4.42% of the current minimum wage, spending around 217.32 minutes of displacement/consultation. Expenses with food and loss of remuneration due to absence at work also entail significant financial charges or loss of remuneration for the patient at each consultation.
En esta investigación se estudiaron los costes de transporte por visita ambulatoria en pacientes remitidos para evaluación quirúrgica especializada en un hospital de atención terciaria en Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Es un estudio descriptivo con responsables de pacientes pediátricos programados para consulta de cirugía pediátrica, en el que se cuestionaron factores relacionados con el coste del transporte y los costes de oportunidad (pérdida de remuneración, alimentación, pago de cuidadores de otros niños, gastos de otros cuidadores). Aproximadamente la mitad de los pacientes tenían hasta 5 años de edad; cerca de 2/3 presentaban enfermedades de resolución quirúrgica simple y definitiva, 181 familias (89,17%) con renta familiar mensual de hasta BRL 1.999,00. La proporción de familias que se benefician de transporte gratuito varía entre el 4,26% y el 15,56% para los pacientes que viven hasta a 100 km del hospital (45,83% para los pacientes que viven a más de 100 km de la institución). Ciento setenta y seis (87,13%) cuidadores declaran gastos de alimentación, 12 (5,94%) pagan a los cuidadores de sus otros hijos en el día de la consulta y 80 (39,6%) declaran pérdida de salario por la jornada laboral. De los casos de alta complejidad, el 9,33% de las madres entrevistadas habían abandonado su actividad remunerada habitual. Los gastos de transporte para una consulta de cirugía pediátrica en un hospital de referencia de Río de Janeiro cuestan de media el 4,42% del salario mínimo vigente, con una media de 217,32 minutos de tiempo de viaje/consulta. Los gastos de alimentación y la pérdida de salario por ausencia en el trabajo también implican una importante carga económica o pérdida de salario para el paciente en cada cita.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: Tracheoinnominate fistula (TIF) is a rare and frequently lethal complication of tracheostomies. Immediate bleeding control and surgical treatment are essential to avoid death. This report describes the successful endovascular treatment of TIF in a preschooler and reviews the literature concerning epidemiology, diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment of TIF in pediatric patients. Case description: A tracheostomized neurologically impaired bed-ridden three-year-old girl was admitted to treat an episode of tracheitis. Tracheostomy had been performed two years before. The child used a plastic cuffed tube continually inflated at low pressure. The patient presented two self-limited bleeding episodes through the tracheostomy in a 48h interval. A new episode was suggestive of arterial bleeding, immediately leading to a provisional diagnosis of TIF, which was confirmed by angiotomography, affecting the bifurcation of the innominate artery and the right tracheal wall. The patient was immediately treated by the endovascular placement of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/nitinol stents in Y configuration. No recurrent TIF, neurological problems, or right arm ischemia have been detected in the follow-up. Comments: TIF must be suspected after any significant bleeding from the tracheostoma. Endovascular techniques may provide rapid bleeding control with low morbidity, but they are limited to a few case reports in pediatric patients, all of them addressing adolescents. Long-term follow-up is needed to detect whether stent-related vascular complications will occur with growth.
RESUMO Objetivo: As fístulas traqueoinominadas (TIF) são complicações raras e frequentemente letais das traqueostomias (TQT). Controle imediato do sangramento e tratamento cirúrgico são essenciais para evitar a morte. Este trabalho relata o tratamento endovascular bem-sucedido de uma TIF em um pré-escolar e revisa a literatura a respeito da epidemiologia, profilaxia, diagnóstico e tratamento de TIF em pacientes pediátricos. Descrição do caso: Uma criança de 3 anos de idade, com encefalopatia, restrita ao leito e traqueostomizada havia dois anos foi internada para tratar um episódio de traqueíte. A criança usava uma cânula plástica balonada continuamente inflada com baixa pressão. A paciente apresentou dois episódios autolimitados de sangramento pela traqueostomia em um intervalo de 48 horas. Um novo episódio foi sugestivo de sangramento arterial e assumiu-se o diagnóstico provisório de TIF, confirmado através de angiotomografia, atingindo a bifurcação da artéria inominada e a parede direita da traqueia. A paciente foi imediatamente tratada pela inserção endovascular de um enxerto de politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE)/nitinol em "Y". No seguimento, não foram encontradas recorrência de TIF, sequelas neurológicas ou isquemia do braço direito. Comentários: Deve-se suspeitar de TIF sempre que houver um sangramento significativo pelo traqueoestoma. Técnicas endovasculares possibilitam o rápido controle do sangramento com baixa morbidade, mas estão limitadas a poucos relatos de caso e pacientes pediátricos, sendo todos em adolescentes. O seguimento a longo prazo é necessário para avaliar se ocorrem complicações vasculares dos stents com o crescimento.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Tracheoinnominate fistula (TIF) is a rare and frequently lethal complication of tracheostomies. Immediate bleeding control and surgical treatment are essential to avoid death. This report describes the successful endovascular treatment of TIF in a preschooler and reviews the literature concerning epidemiology, diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment of TIF in pediatric patients. CASE DESCRIPTION: A tracheostomized neurologically impaired bed-ridden three-year-old girl was admitted to treat an episode of tracheitis. Tracheostomy had been performed two years before. The child used a plastic cuffed tube continually inflated at low pressure. The patient presented two self-limited bleeding episodes through the tracheostomy in a 48h interval. A new episode was suggestive of arterial bleeding, immediately leading to a provisional diagnosis of TIF, which was confirmed by angiotomography, affecting the bifurcation of the innominate artery and the right tracheal wall. The patient was immediately treated by the endovascular placement of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/nitinol stents in Y configuration. No recurrent TIF, neurological problems, or right arm ischemia have been detected in the follow-up. COMMENTS: TIF must be suspected after any significant bleeding from the tracheostoma. Endovascular techniques may provide rapid bleeding control with low morbidity, but they are limited to a few case reports in pediatric patients, all of them addressing adolescents. Long-term follow-up is needed to detect whether stent-related vascular complications will occur with growth.
Assuntos
Tronco Braquiocefálico/lesões , Fístula do Sistema Respiratório/cirurgia , Traqueostomia/efeitos adversos , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hemorragia/etiologia , Humanos , Fístula do Sistema Respiratório/etiologia , Infecção por Zika virus/complicaçõesRESUMO
Introduction: There are many techniques to treat congenital concealed penis (CP). Skin resurfacing is the most difficult step in severe cases. We aim to show medium-term results of coronal sulcus-based triangular ventral mucosal flap (CBVMF) as a treatment of prepubertal severe CP, a recently reported technique. We aim to determine whether results are durable and if the technique is associated with persistent mucosal redundancy or with a permanent unequal penile color pattern. Methods: CP cases reconstructed with CBVMF were reviewed. Preoperative complaints, degree of motivation of the child/parent to surgery, satisfaction of parent/child with results, and surgical complications were described. Results: Seven patients (6 months to 6 years old) were treated with CBVMP. Two patients showed megaprepuce and another was submitted to a limited postectomy 3 years before. One family was not fully satisfied (expected "bigger penis"), but acknowledged that the penis was now well exposed. No child talked about the problem preoperatively, but all of the boys were fully satisfied with the results of the surgery and verbalized this in the interviews. Flap edema resolved after 3 months in all but one patient. The flaps assumed the color of penile skin in the medium term. Conclusions: CBMVP results were satisfactory. Serious complications did not occur. Flap edema does not persist in the medium term, and redundancy was not a problem. The color of the flap tended to evolve into a pattern similar to the penile skin.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT The very rare thyroid-like carcinoma of the kidney (TLCK) is microscopically similar to thyroid follicular cell carcinoma (TFCC). Differential diagnosis with secondary thyroid tumors depends on non-reactivity to immunohistochemical (IHC) markers for TFCC (thyroglobulin - TG and TTF1). We herein describe the fourth Pediatric case in literature and extensively review the subject. Only 29 cases were published to the moment. Most cases were asymptomatic and incidentally detected. Most tumors are hyperechoic and hyperdense with low grade heterogenous enhancement on CT and MRI. Most patients were treated with radical nephrectomy, but partial nephrectomy was used in some cases, apparently with the same results. Metastases are uncommon and apparently do not change prognosis, but follow-ups are limited. Up to the moment, TLCK presents as a low grade malignancy that may be treated exclusively with surgery and frequently with partial kidney renal preservation. A preoperative percutaneous biopsy is a common procedure to investigate atypical tumors in childhood and adult tumors. To recognize the possibility of TLCK is fundamental to avoid unnecessary thyroidectomies in those patients, supposing a primary thyroid tumor.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias Renais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Excisão de Linfonodo/métodos , Nefrectomia/métodosRESUMO
The very rare thyroid-like carcinoma of the kidney (TLCK) is microscopically similar to thyroid follicular cell carcinoma (TFCC). Differential diagnosis with secondary thyroid tumors depends on non-reactivity to immunohistochemical (IHC) markers for TFCC (thyroglobulin - TG and TTF1). We herein describe the fourth Pediatric case in literature and extensively review the subject. Only 29 cases were published to the moment. Most cases were asymptomatic and incidentally detected. Most tumors are hyperechoic and hyperdense with low grade heterogenous enhancement on CT and MRI. Most patients were treated with radical nephrectomy, but partial nephrectomy was used in some cases, apparently with the same results. Metastases are uncommon and apparently do not change prognosis, but follow-ups are limited. Up to the moment, TLCK presents as a low grade malignancy that may be treated exclusively with surgery and frequently with partial kidney renal preservation. A preoperative percutaneous biopsy is a common procedure to investigate atypical tumors in childhood and adult tumors. To recognize the possibility of TLCK is fundamental to avoid unnecessary thyroidectomies in those patients, supposing a primary thyroid tumor.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma Folicular/patologia , Neoplasias Renais/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma Folicular/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Renais/cirurgia , Criança , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Excisão de Linfonodo/métodos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Nefrectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnósticoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Concealed penis (CP) may vary in severity and includes megaprepuce (MP) as a variant. Many different surgical strategies have been described in order to maximize penile exposure and to deal with skin deficiency. We describe the strategies that we use to overcome technical problems in severe cases of CP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six consecutive cases of severe CP (including 3 with MP) were treated in a 2-year period between January 2011 and April 2013. These patients were treated using extensive degloving, removal of dysplastic dartos, Alexander's preputial flap, scrotal flaps and skin grafts. Three patients had been previously circumcised. Cases associated with hypospadias, obesity, disorders of sexual differentiation and micropenises were excluded. RESULTS: All six patients attained good results, with good exposure of the penis, ability to void standing with a well-directed flow and reasonable esthetic results. A technical algorithm for the treatment of primary or recurring cases of CP is proposed. CONCLUSION: Alexander' s distally based ventral preputial flap is a useful technical resource to treat MP cases. Free skin grafts and/or laterally based scrotal flaps may be used to cover the penis after release in severe cases of CP.
RESUMO
Penile hair tourniquet (PHT) is a painless form of penile ischemia, typically seen in toddlers with long-haired mothers, caused by entanglement of hair on the balano-prepucial sulcus, normally associated with circumcision. Its association with hypospadias has been reported only once. A school-aged boy admitted for surgery to treat hypospadias failure was incidentally detected to have PHT and severe hourglass deformity of the penis. Urethral anastomosis and glanuloplasty were done after removal of the constricting ring, without complications. Normal erections were reported during follow up. Treatment may involve urethral reconstruction and penile reimplantation in extreme cases.
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OBJECTIVE: Adolescents represent a significant proportion of the patients seen by pediatric urologists (PU). Adolescents that require long-term follow-up (FU) eventually need to be transferred to adult care. This research aims to describe the disease profile of adolescent and adult patients from a referral PU clinic, in order to allow future medical education and cost planning. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was made of cases seen in a PU referral clinic from January 1st to December 31st 2011. Patients were classified as child (≤12 years old), adolescent (12 < age ≤ 18 years old) or adult (>18 years old). Diagnoses and presentations were analyzed. RESULTS: 521 patients were seen: 404 children (77.5%), 103 adolescents (19.8%) and 14 adults (2.7%). Clinical profiles differed between the three groups. 43.7% of the adolescents and all adults were FU cases or patients with late sequelae of congenital diseases. Some diseases predominated largely in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents represent a significant proportion of our PU clinics. Half of them are FU cases or present sequelae from previous treatments/diseases. Some adolescents do not adapt to adult care, and persist being followed up by PU.
Assuntos
Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente/organização & administração , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Hospitais Pediátricos , Transferência de Pacientes/organização & administração , Doenças Urológicas/terapia , Urologia/organização & administração , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
La necesidad de estandarizar los informes de ultrasonido (US) dirigidos a urólogos pediátricos (PU) y medir las dimensiones de las estructuras anatómicas específicas es bien reconocida. Nuestra investigación tiene como objetivo verificar la integridad y precisión de la información contenida en los ultrasonidos de riñón y vejiga (K/B) de los pacientes que acuden a nuestra clínica de referencia de la PU. MÉTODOS: Evaluación prospectiva de los parámetros descriptivos y mensurables de 47 ultrasonografías K / B Pediátrica en un período de 3 meses. Análisis comparativo entre radiólogos pediátricos y generales, enfermedades funcionales contra las enfermedades no funcionales, tipo de institución que lleva a cabo el examen y la solicitud de la ultrasonografía (estandarizado versus rutina). RESULTADOS: Los informes de ultrasonografía consideran una media del 53 por ciento de los posibles parámetros sugeridos y presentaron una media de 53 por ciento de las mediciones precisas cuando aplicable. La única variable que se relacionó de forma independiente para mejores informes fue el uso de las solicitudes normalizadas por la PU (media del 64 por ciento de los posibles parámetros considerados, el 69 por ciento de las mediciones de los parámetros aplicables). La realización del examen por Radiólogos pediátricos (PR) o en los hospitales docentes o en pacientes que sufrían de enfermedades funcionales no fueron determinantes independientes de la calidad de los informes. CONCLUSIÓN: El uso de protocolos específicos y / o listas de verificación sería eficaz para normalizar y obtener una mejor calidad de informe en Ultrasonografía B / K en PU.
The need to standardize ultrasound (US) reports directed to Pediatric Urologists (PU) and to measure the dimensions of specific anatomical structures is well recognized. Our research aims to verify the completeness and precision of the information in kidney and bladder (K/B) US from patients presenting to our referral PU Clinic. METHODS: Prospective evaluation of descriptive and measurable parameters from 47 K/B Pediatric US in a 3-month period. Comparative analysis between pediatric versus general radiologists, functional versus non-functional disease, kind of institution that performed the exam and request for the US (standardized versus routine). RESULTS: The US reports considered a mean of 53 percent of the possible parameters suggested and presented a mean of 53 percent of precise measurements when applicable. The only variable that related independently to better reports was the usage of standardized requests by the PU (mean of 64 percent of the possible parameters considered, 69 percent of measurements of the applicable parameters). Accomplishment of the exam by Pediatric Radiologists (PR), in teaching hospitals or in patients suffering from functional diseases were not independent determinants to the quality of the reports. CONCLUSION: The usage of specific protocols and/or check-lists would be effective to standardize and get better quality B/K US reports in PU.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Ultrassonografia , Nefropatias , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária , Lista de Checagem , Pediatria/métodos , Controle de Qualidade , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Transperineal exposure of the high portion of the vagina is limited. These limitations can be circumvented using ASTRA (anterior sagittal transrectal approach). We report the use of this surgical strategy for the treatment of a case of acquired vaginal atresia after posterior anorectoplasty due to anorectal malformation.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas/cirurgia , Canal Anal/anormalidades , Canal Anal/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Reto/anormalidades , Reto/cirurgia , Vagina/anormalidades , Vagina/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Feminino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/métodos , Humanos , LactenteRESUMO
A exposição transperineal de altas vaginas é limitada. Essas limitações podem ser contornadas usando ASTRA (anterior sagital transrectal approach). Relatamos o uso desta estratégia cirúrgica para o tratamento de um caso de atresia vaginal adquirida, após anorretoplastia posterior, em caso de malformação anorretal.
Transperineal exposure of the high portion of the vagina is limited. These limitations can be circumvented using ASTRA (anterior sagittal transrectal approach). We report the use of this surgical strategy for the treatment of a case of acquired vaginal atresia after posterior anorectoplasty due to anorectal malformation.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Anormalidades Múltiplas/cirurgia , Canal Anal/anormalidades , Canal Anal/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Reto/anormalidades , Reto/cirurgia , Vagina/anormalidades , Vagina/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/métodosRESUMO
Pediatric cancer is a relatively rare and heterogeneous group of hematological and non-hematological malignancies which require multiple procedures for its diagnostic screening and classification. Until now, flow cytometry (FC) has not been systematically applied to the diagnostic work-up of such malignancies, particularly for solid tumors. Here we evaluated a FC panel of markers for the diagnostic screening of pediatric cancer and further classification of pediatric solid tumors. The proposed strategy aims at the differential diagnosis between tumoral vs. reactive samples, and hematological vs. non-hematological malignancies, and the subclassification of solid tumors. In total, 52 samples from 40 patients suspicious of containing tumor cells were analyzed by FC in parallel to conventional diagnostic procedures. The overall concordance rate between both approaches was of 96% (50/52 diagnostic samples), with 100% agreement for all reactive/inflammatory and non-infiltrated samples as well as for those corresponding to solid tumors (nâ=â35), with only two false negative cases diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic lymphoma, respectively. Moreover, clear discrimination between samples infiltrated by hematopoietic vs. non-hematopoietic tumor cells was systematically achieved. Distinct subtypes of solid tumors showed different protein expression profiles, allowing for the differential diagnosis of neuroblastoma (CD56(hi)/GD2(+)/CD81(hi)), primitive neuroectodermal tumors (CD271(hi)/CD99(+)), Wilms tumors (>1 cell population), rhabdomyosarcoma (nuMYOD1(+)/numyogenin(+)), carcinomas (CD45(-)/EpCAM(+)), germ cell tumors (CD56(+)/CD45(-)/NG2(+)/CD10(+)) and eventually also hemangiopericytomas (CD45(-)/CD34(+)). In summary, our results show that multiparameter FC provides fast and useful complementary data to routine histopathology for the diagnostic screening and classification of pediatric cancer.
Assuntos
Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Imunofenotipagem/métodos , Neoplasias/classificação , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Reações Falso-Negativas , Feminino , Neoplasias Hematológicas/diagnóstico , Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Lactente , Inflamação , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Masculino , Neuroblastoma/diagnósticoRESUMO
Stevens-Johnson syndrome frequently affects the genitalia. Vaginal problems have been recognized in female patients; however, reports about the problem and its treatment are rare. Labial sinechiae have not yet been reported as sequelae of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Amenorrhea, cyclical abdominal pain, and a hypogastric mass in girls affected by Stevens-Johnson syndrome could indicate acquired vaginal obstruction. Extensive labial sinechiae in such patients can cause dysuria, urinary tract infection, and sexual dysfunction. After a diagnosis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome in girls, it is prudent to schedule a prepubertal genital examination to diagnose genital disease preemptively and avoid obstructed menstruation and future sexual problems.
Assuntos
Hidrocolpos/etiologia , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson/complicações , Aderências Teciduais/etiologia , Doenças da Vulva/etiologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Hidrocolpos/cirurgia , Aderências Teciduais/cirurgia , Doenças da Vulva/cirurgiaRESUMO
Scrotoschisis, the congenital extrusion of the testis through the scrotal wall, is very rare. We describe a new case and review the pertinent published data. A male neonate presented with left scrotoschisis that was repaired successfully with a Denis-Browne trans-scrotal orchiopexy, with antibiotic coverage. The testes were intrascrotal and symmetric after 2 years of follow-up. Most cases of scrotoschisis are unilateral and affect normal males. The immediate prognosis is good, but long-term results are not available. The etiology of the disease is unknown, but it might be related to spontaneous healed fetal intestinal perforations with meconium peritonitis.