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BACKGROUND: To evaluate the prevalence and clinicopathological features of a large series of gingival neoplasms in Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All gingival benign and malignant neoplasms were retrieved from the records of six Oral Pathology Services in Brazil, during a 41-year period. Clinical and demographic data, clinical diagnosis, and histopathological data were collected from the patients' clinical charts. For statistical analysis, the chi-square, median test of independent samples and the U Mann-Whitney tests were used, considering a significance of 5%. RESULTS: From 100,026 oral lesions, 888 (0.9%) were gingival neoplasms. There were 496 (55.9%) males, with a mean age of 54.2 years. Most cases (70.3%) were malignant neoplasms. Nodules (46.2%) and ulcers (38.9%) were the most common clinical appearance for benign and malignant neoplasms, respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma (55.6%) was the most common gingival neoplasm, followed by squamous cell papilloma (19.6%). In 69 (11.1%) malignant neoplasms, the lesions were clinically considered to be inflammatory or of infectious origin. Malignant neoplasms were more common in older men, appeared with larger size, and with a time of complaint shorter than benign neoplasms (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Benign and malignant tumors may appear as nodules in gingival tissue. In addition, malignant neoplasms, especially squamous cell carcinoma, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent single gingival ulcers.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias Gengivais , Úlceras Orais , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Neoplasias Gengivais/patologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Úlcera/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the postoperative sensitivity of different resin composite/adhesive materials, placed either by an incremental or bulk-fill technique in posterior resin composite replacement of amalgam restorations. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 47 patients with good overall health and at least four class I or class II amalgam restorations to be replaced participated in this study. The characteristics of 188 cavities were registered and randomly restored using incremental (Z350XT, 3M) or bulk-fill (Filtek Bulk Fill, 3M; Sonic Fill, Kerr; and Opus Bulk Fill, FGM) technique. The postoperative sensitivity was assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (0-100) after 24 hours, 7 days, and 30 days. Pain scores were temporally analyzed using Friedman test followed by Dunn post hoc test (α=0.05). The frequency of tests was calculated according to the frequency and percentage of the McNemar test. RESULTS: The restorative technique and the bulk-fill system used did not affect the postoperative sensitivity, except for Filtek Bulk Fill group, which presented less postoperative sensitivity after 24 hours (p=0.037). Regardless of the restorative material, the postoperative sensitivity decreased after 24 hours, and no differences were found after 7 and 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: After 1 week, the filling technique and the bulk-fill system have no influence on the postoperative sensitivity.
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Cárie Dentária , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Resinas Compostas/uso terapêutico , Assistência Odontológica , Materiais Dentários , Restauração Dentária Permanente/métodos , HumanosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, and significantly contributes to cancer-related deaths. Most cases arise from adenomatous polyps. Biomarkers currently play an important role in tumor progression. Our aim was to identify perivascular mast cells and analyze the expression of laminin-332, MMP-9, and VEGF in cases of adenoma and CRC in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients were selected at the Coloproctology Service and samples were obtained through biopsies. Adenoma and CRC slides were examined, utilizing immunohistochemistry to detect molecules, and were processed, using 1% Alcian Blue (pH 0.5) for mast cell staining. RESULTS: Higher density of perivascular mast cells was observed in adenomas. Laminin-332 expression revealed basement membrane discontinuity associated with tumor invasion in CRC. MMP-9 immunostaining in adenoma was detected in glandular epithelium and lining epithelium, in areas close to the basement membrane, whereas in CRC, the enzyme was found in the cytoplasm of invasive clusters. VEGF expression was associated with cell atypia in adenoma and in areas of disorganization of the epithelium-connective tissue interface in CRC. VEGF has also been detected in endothelial cells from microvessels. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the different patterns of perivascular mast cells and molecular expression in colorectal neoplasms. Those analyses favor the recognition of the predisposition to the disease, or its early stage, and have the potential to define the molecular profile of the lesions.
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AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficiency of derivatives of 8-Hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) in controlling the fungus Ilyonectria liriodendri. METHODS AND RESULTS: The in vitro tests consisted of assessing its susceptibility to the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the inhibition of mycelial growth. While the in vivo tests consisted of applying and assessing the most effective products for the protection of wounds, in both preventive + curative and curative forms. The MIC values for PH 151 (6·25 µg ml-1 ) showed better results when compared to the fungicides tebuconazole (>50 µg ml-1 ) and mancozeb (12·5 µg ml-1 for strain 176 and 25 µg ml-1 for strain 1117). PH 151 significantly inhibited mycelial growth, while mancozeb did not differ from the control. In in vivo tests, PH 151 again demonstrated excellent results in vitro, especially when applied preventively. CONCLUSIONS: The derivative of 8HQ PH 151 was effective in controlling the fungus I. liriodendri in vitro and proved to be a promising option for protecting wounds. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study points to the prospect of an effective and safe preventive antifungal product, which would enable the use of pesticides in vine culture to be reduced.
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Fungicidas Industriais/farmacologia , Hypocreales , Oxiquinolina , Doenças das Plantas , Vitis/microbiologia , Hypocreales/patogenicidade , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Oxiquinolina/farmacologia , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Doenças das Plantas/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The objective was to evaluate the available published data on sinonasal melanoma and analyse its clinical features, treatment modalities, and prognostic factors. An electronic search was undertaken in March 2018 in multiple databases. Eligibility criteria included publications with sufficient clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical information to confirm the diagnosis. Seventy-three publications (439 cases) were included. The lesion was more prevalent in females than in males. There was a higher prevalence in the seventh and eighth decades of life. The lesions mainly presented as epistaxis and commonly involved the nasal cavity. Age (>67.6 years; P=0.0012), primary location (middle turbinate; P=0.0112), disease stage (advanced disease stage; P=0.0026), treatment (radiotherapy; P=0.0111), recurrence (recurrence presented; P=0.0137), and distant metastasis (distant metastasis presented; P=0.0011) were independently associated with a lower survival rate. Recurrence was significantly correlated with age (>67.6 years; P=0.0021), sex (males tended to present a higher recurrence rate than females; P=0.0051), disease stage (stages III and IV presented a higher recurrence rate than stages I and II; P=0.0331), and histological type (amelanotic lesions presented a higher index of recurrence than melanotic lesions; P=0.0095). In conclusion, sinonasal melanoma is a neoplasm with a poor prognosis, presenting a 30.69% possibility of survival after 5 years.
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Melanoma , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Cavidade Nasal , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
New therapeutic approaches are necessary to control strongyloidiasis due to the side effects of, and resistance to, currently available drugs thiabendazole, albendazole, and ivermectin. This study examined the anthelmintic properties of extracts and isolated compounds from Siparuna guianensis against Strongyloides venezuelensis eggs and larvae, using the egg hatching test (EHT) and larval motility test (LMT). Albendazole (0.025 mg/ml) and ivermectin (0.316 mg/ml) were used as the positive controls for the EHT and LMT assays, respectively. Strongyloides venezuelensis eggs or larvae (±50 specimens) were treated with ethanol extract (0.05-1.0 mg/ml), ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions (0.05-0.8 mg/ml), essential oil (0.2-1.0 mg/ml) and α-bisabolol (0.2-1.0 mg/ml) from S. guianensis, and analysed by optical microscopy after 48 h (EHT), or after 24, 48 and 72 h (LMT). All the tested compounds exhibited ovicidal activity equivalent to the positive control and changed the morphology of the eggs. The S. guianensis ethanol extract and aqueous fraction were as effective as the positive control. Phytochemical analysis of the ethanol extract and fractions revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins and flavonoids. Therefore, S. guianensis is effective against S. venezuelensis eggs and larvae in vitro, and can be considered as a potential alternative treatment for strongyloidiasis.
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Anti-Helmínticos/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Strongyloides/efeitos dos fármacos , Traqueófitas/química , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/química , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Sesquiterpenos Monocíclicos/química , Sesquiterpenos Monocíclicos/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óvulo/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/químicaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) is recommended as a first-tier test for individuals with developmental delay (DD)/intellectual disability (ID) and/or multiple congenital anomalies. However, owing to high costs, this technique is not widely performed for diagnostic purposes in several countries. The aim of this study was to identify clinical features that could favour the hypothesis of genomic imbalances (GIs) in individuals with DD/ID. METHODS: The sample consisted of 63 individuals, and all of them underwent a detailed evaluation by a clinical geneticist and were investigated by the CMA. They were divided into two groups. Group A composed of 20 individuals with pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs); and group B composed of 43 individuals with normal CMA results or variants of uncertain clinical significance (VUS). RESULTS: Pathogenic GIs were found in 20 cases (32%), including 11 individuals with an abnormal karyotype, VUS was found in five individuals (8%) and the results were normal in 38 individuals (60%). Major anomalies were found in 15/20 (75%) individuals in group A against 35/43 (81%) in group B. Dysmorphisms (≥5) were found in 17/20 (85%) in group A and 41/43 (95%) in group B. The most frequent major anomalies detected in group A were congenital heart disease, epilepsy and renal malformation; and in group B, they were malformations of central nervous system, congenital heart disease, microcephaly, epilepsy and hearing impairment. There was no significant statistical difference among the frequencies in groups A and B. CONCLUSIONS: Evidences point that every individual with DD/ID, with no specific clinical suspicion, should have screening for GIs as a first-tier test, regardless of the presence or absence of additional major anomalies or dysmorphisms. Future studies with a similar design would be helpful, especially in countries where the access to new technologies is still limited.
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Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/diagnóstico , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/genética , Variação Estrutural do Genoma/genética , Deficiência Intelectual/diagnóstico , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Fenótipo , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Análise em Microsséries , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Yeasts of the Candida genus are one of the most common causes of bloodstream infections associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, mainly affecting immunocompromised patients. We aimed to identify yeasts obtained from blood cultures of patients interned at tertiary hospitals in Brazil. METHODS: We evaluated some of the major virulence factors of Candida spp., including the ability to adhere to human buccal epithelial cells, biofilm formation, hemolytic and phospholipase activity. RESULTS: We analyzed 70 isolates of Candida spp. obtained from March 2011 and March 2015. Candida spp. showed different peculiarities in terms of expression of virulence factors evaluated in vitro. C. albicans strains were more adherent to HBEC than all the other Candida species. C. tropicalis strains were considered strong biofilm producers. Strains belonging to the C. parapsilosis species complex were able to produce hemolysins, while C. glabrata was also able to lyse erythrocytes and to produce phospholipase. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Non-Candida albicans Candida species are also able to express virulence factors which play an important role in bloodstream infectious caused by these yeasts.
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Candida/isolamento & purificação , Candida/patogenicidade , Candidemia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Virulência/metabolismo , Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hemocultura , Brasil/epidemiologia , Candida/enzimologia , Candida albicans/isolamento & purificação , Candida albicans/patogenicidade , Candida glabrata/isolamento & purificação , Candida glabrata/patogenicidade , Candidemia/microbiologia , Células Epiteliais/microbiologia , Proteínas Hemolisinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Boca , Fosfolipases/metabolismo , Centros de Atenção TerciáriaRESUMO
AIMS: The objective of this work was to isolate and characterize indigenous rhizobia from coal-mining areas able to efficiently nodulate and fix nitrogen in association with Calopogonium mucunoides (calopo). METHODS AND RESULTS: Isolation, authentication and morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization of the autochthonous rhizobia were performed and their symbiotic efficiency (SE) evaluated. Efficient rhizobial isolates suitable for the inoculation of calopo in coal-mining regions were obtained. A total of 30 isolates were obtained after nodulation authentication, of which five presented high SE with plant-growth promoting traits such as indole-3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization and biofilm formation. These isolates were identified as belonging to Bradyrhizobium, Pseudomonas and Rhizobium. CONCLUSIONS: Bradyrhizobium sp. A2-10 and Pseudomonas sp. A6-05 were able to promote calopo plant growth using soil obtained from coal-mining degraded areas, thus indicating their potential as inoculants aiming at land reclamation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: To our knowledge, this is the first report of Pseudomonas nodule formation in calopo. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that autochthonous rhizobia obtained from degraded soils presented high SE in calopo and possess a wide range of plant-growth promoting traits. Ultimately, they may all contribute to an increased leguminous plant growth under stress conditions. The selected rhizobia strains may be used as inoculants and present a valuable role in the development of strategies aiming to recover coal-mining degraded areas. Bacterial inoculants would greatly reduce the use of often harmful nitrogen fertilizers vastly employed in revegetation programmes of degraded areas.
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Bradyrhizobium/fisiologia , Minas de Carvão , Recuperação e Remediação Ambiental , Fabaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Pseudomonas/fisiologia , Bradyrhizobium/isolamento & purificação , Bradyrhizobium/metabolismo , Fabaceae/metabolismo , Fabaceae/microbiologia , Fabaceae/fisiologia , Nodulação , Pseudomonas/isolamento & purificação , Pseudomonas/metabolismo , Rhizobium/isolamento & purificação , Rhizobium/metabolismo , Rhizobium/fisiologia , Solo , SimbioseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Odontogenic tumors (OTs) are uncommon neoplastic lesions of the maxilla and mandible, which present difficult diagnosis and therapeutics. This paper aims to determine the frequency and distribution of OTs, over a period of 22 years, at a public university in Northeastern Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed all cases of OTs from oral pathology laboratory of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), from 1996 to 2017. The tumors were classified according to the latest (2017) World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Data on age, gender, anatomic site, symptomatology, radiographic findings and tumor size were analyzed. RESULTS: In the analyzed period, 247 cases of OTs were diagnosed. Epithelial tumors were more common with 127 cases (51.8%). The most common tumors were ameloblastoma (n = 112 / 45.4%), odontoma (n = 89 / 36.1%) and odontogenic myxoma (n = 17 / 6.9%). Malignant odontogenic tumors were extremely rare in the studied population with only 2 cases (0.8%) of diagnosed carcinomas. These tumors were diagnosed in a wide age range, from 5 to 81 years, being more common in the second and third decades of life. In general, the mandible was the most affected anatomic site (n = 162/66%) and the mandible:maxilla ratio was of 2:1. Ameloblastoma was the tumor with the highest number of symptomatic cases (n = 26) and with the highest mean size (cm) with 4.5cm. CONCLUSIONS: Odontogenic tumors were rare in the sample studied (2.2%), with ameloblastoma and odontoma being the most common tumors. Continuous studies that show the characteristics of these lesions are fundamental, especially after modifications in the international classification.
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Neoplasias Maxilomandibulares , Tumores Odontogênicos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Instalações de Saúde , Humanos , Incidência , Neoplasias Maxilomandibulares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Maxilomandibulares/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tumores Odontogênicos/diagnóstico , Tumores Odontogênicos/epidemiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Irisin is involved in the compensatory mechanisms for metabolic regulation and appears to be associated with glucose homeostasis and lipid profile. However, it's possible implications on obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications have not been completely elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the association between irisin level and anthropometric data, metabolic parameters, blood pressure, and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) level among children with overweight/obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study included 24 children with overweight/obesity (9 girls and 15 boys) and 63 children with normal weight (25 girls and 38 boys). The anthropometric data, blood pressure, blood biochemistry, EPCs and irisin levels were evaluated. Children with overweight/obesity had significantly higher circulating irisin and EPCs levels than those with normal weight (P < 0.001). Additionally, we found that irisin level was positively correlated with BMI (rho = 0.407), waist circumference (rho = 0.449), triglycerides (rho = .334), glucose (rho = 0.226), insulin (rho = 0.533), HOMA (rho = 0.545), and negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol level (rho = -0.218). Importantly, we also found that irisin levels were significantly correlated with systolic (rho = 0.420), diastolic (rho = 0.331) blood pressure and circulating EPCs level (rho = 0.391). CONCLUSION: Our study provides evidence that overweight/obese children had elevated circulating levels of both irisin and EPCs and address the gap in the literature with regard to the understanding of the implications of irisin on obesity-related cardiometabolic complications among these children and also highlight the possible involvement of irisin regulation on insulin resistance and endothelial function in childhood overweight and obesity.
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Glicemia/metabolismo , Pressão Sanguínea , Células Progenitoras Endoteliais/patologia , Fibronectinas/sangue , Insulina/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Fatores Etários , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Resistência à Insulina , Masculino , Obesidade Infantil/patologia , Obesidade Infantil/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Risco , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
Castor cake is a by-product of the extraction of oil from from seeds of castor plants (Ricinus communis). This by-product contains high levels of proteins, but a toxic protein, ricin, limits its use as an animal feed. Ricin can be efficiently inactivated by treatment with calcium oxide (CaO), which can be evaluated by a cytotoxicity assay using LLC-MK2 cells. The mechanism by which the CaO treatment inactivates ricin, however, is unclear. We report the structural changes responsible for ricin inactivation. Purified ricin was treated with 0.6% CaO and then analyzed by mass spectrometry. This treatment degraded the ricin at preferential sites. The aqueous CaO solution had a pH >12, which preferentially cleaved asparagine residues, followed by glutamine, serine and glycine residues. The alkaline pH affected the tertiary structure of the ricin, cleaving its polypeptide chains and thereby eliminating its cytotoxic activity.
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Citotoxinas/toxicidade , Ricina/toxicidade , Animais , Compostos de Cálcio/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Óxidos/farmacologia , Proteômica , Ricina/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
BACKGROUND: the objective of this study was to describe the frequency of cystic lesions in a Brazilian population of patients histopathologically diagnosed in the first and second decade of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Biopsy records were obtained from the archives of a Brazilian referral center between 1980 and 2016. RESULTS: A total of 2.114 biopsy records of pediatric patients were analyzed with oral and maxillofacial lesions. Data such as gender, age, anatomical location, and histopathological diagnosis were collected and categorized. Among all oral and maxillofacial lesions (n=2.114), were diagnosed 294 cases of odontogenic cysts (13.9%) and 16 cases of non-odontogenic cysts (0.8%). The most frequent lesions in each group were, respectively: radicular cyst (n=145) and epidermoid cyst (n=4). These lesions were most common in female (n=158), with a mean age of 14 years. For intraosseous lesions, the mandible (n=148) was the most affected anatomic site; moreover, the floor of the mouth (n=6) was most affected by cysts in soft tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Odontogenic cysts were relatively common in population studied, but non-odontogenic cysts were rare in these patients.
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Cistos não Odontogênicos/epidemiologia , Cistos Odontogênicos/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can induce deleterious changes in the modulatory ability of the vascular endothelium, contributing to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in the long term. However, the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Emerging evidence has suggested the potential role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in vascular health and repair. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of IUGR on vascular reactivity and EPCs derived from the peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) in vitro. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed an ad libitum diet (control group) or 50% of the ad libitum diet (restricted group) throughout gestation. We determined vascular reactivity, nitric oxide (NO) concentration, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression by evaluating the thoracic aorta of adult male offspring from both groups (aged: 19-20 weeks). Moreover, the amount, functional capacity, and senescence of EPCs were assessed in vitro. Our results indicated that IUGR reduced vasodilation via acetylcholine in aorta rings, decreased NO levels, and increased eNOS phosphorylation at Thr495. The amount of EPCs was similar between both groups; however, IUGR decreased the functional capacity of EPCs from the PB and BM. Furthermore, the senescence process was accelerated in BM-derived EPCs from IUGR rats. In summary, our findings demonstrated the deleterious changes in EPCs from IUGR rats, such as reduced EPC function and accelerated senescence in vitro. These findings may contribute towards elucidating the possible mechanisms involved in endothelial dysfunction induced by fetal programming.
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Células Progenitoras Endoteliais/patologia , Endotélio Vascular/patologia , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal/fisiopatologia , Estresse Oxidativo , Vasodilatação , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Gravidez , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Periodontitis may promote harmful systemic effects such as changes in hepatic tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the steatosis and oxidative stress caused by experimental periodontitis are reversible in the liver. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups: control, periodontitis and P20-20 (20 days with experimental periodontitis and 20 days without experimental periodontitis, to verify the reversibility of hepatic injuries). The following parameters were assessed: gingival bleeding index, probing pocket depth, myeloperoxidase activity, alveolar bone loss for periodontal tissues; liver weights, histopathological scores for steatosis, inflammation and necrosis in liver; glutathione, malondialdehyde, total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in hepatic tissues; and blood levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, albumin, gamma-glutaryl transferase, total cholesterol and random glucose. RESULTS: Gingival bleeding index, probing pocket depth, myeloperoxidase and alveolar bone loss parameters demonstrated the development of periodontitis. There was a significant reduction in the steatosis score of animals from the P20-20 group when compared with the periodontitis group. P20-20 group presented significantly higher glutathione (11 times) and lower malondialdehyde (nearly 23%), total cholesterol (both in blood and hepatic tissue) and triglyceride concentrations compared with the periodontitis group. For levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, albumin, gamma-glutaryl transferase and random glucose, a significant difference between the groups was not observed. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that the microvesicular steatosis caused by periodontitis in rats is reversible after removal of the ligature, which is associated with the increase in oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the liver.
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Fígado Gorduroso/etiologia , Fígado Gorduroso/terapia , Ligadura/métodos , Estresse Oxidativo , Periodontite/complicações , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Perda do Osso Alveolar/classificação , Perda do Osso Alveolar/patologia , Animais , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Glicemia , Colesterol/análise , Colesterol/sangue , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fígado Gorduroso/patologia , Feminino , Gengiva/patologia , Glutationa/análise , Inflamação , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Fígado/lesões , Fígado/patologia , Malondialdeído/análise , Necrose/patologia , Índice Periodontal , Bolsa Periodontal/patologia , Periodontite/patologia , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Albumina Sérica , Fatores de Tempo , Transaminases/sangue , Triglicerídeos/análise , gama-Glutamiltransferase/sangueRESUMO
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: Fenestrated endovascular repair (FEVAR) has been used to treat complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). The risk of renal function deterioration compared with infrarenal endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) has not been determined. METHODS: Patients with preserved renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] > 45 mL/minute) enrolled in two prospective, non-randomised studies evaluating Zenith fenestrated and AAA stent grafts were matched (1:2) by propensity scores for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and pre-operative eGFR. Sixty-seven patients were treated by FEVAR and 134 matched controls treated by EVAR. Mean follow-up was 30 ± 20 months. Outcomes included acute kidney injury (AKI) defined by RIFLE and changes in serum creatinine (sCr), eGFR, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) staging up to 5 years. RESULTS: AKI at 1 month was similar between groups, with > 25% decline in eGFR observed in 5% of FEVAR and 9% of EVAR patients (p = .39). There were no significant differences in > 25% decline in eGFR at 2 years (FEVAR 20% vs. EVAR 20%; p > .99) or 5 years (FEVAR 27% vs. EVAR 50%; p = .50). Progression to stage IV-V CKD was similar at 2 years (FEVAR 2% vs. EVAR 3%; p > .99) and 5 years (FEVAR 7% vs. EVAR 8%; p > .99), with similar sCr and eGFR up to 5 years. During follow-up, there were more renal artery stenosis/occlusions (15/67 [22%] vs. 3/134 [2%]; p < .001) and renal related re-interventions (12/67 [18%] vs. 4/134 [3%]; p < .001) in patients treated by FEVAR. Rate of progression to renal failure requiring dialysis was low and identical in both groups (1.5% vs. 1.5%; p > .99). CONCLUSION: Aortic repair with FEVAR and EVAR was associated with similar rates of renal function deterioration in patients with preserved pre-operative renal function. Renal related re-interventions were higher following FEVAR, although net changes in renal function were similar in both groups.
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Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese Vascular/instrumentação , Prótese Vascular , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Nefropatias/etiologia , Rim/fisiopatologia , Stents , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Biomarcadores/sangue , Implante de Prótese Vascular/efeitos adversos , Creatinina/sangue , Progressão da Doença , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Humanos , Nefropatias/diagnóstico , Nefropatias/fisiopatologia , Nefropatias/terapia , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Desenho de Prótese , Diálise Renal , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Estados UnidosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Due to increased formaldehyde exposure, carcinogenic to humans, several researches have been studying the potential toxicity and the safe levels for human beings. The aim of this study was to investigate mutagenicity and cytotoxicity in buccal epithelial exfoliated cells (BEC) of students subjected to formaldehyde (FA) during anatomy classes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: BEC were collected periodically from 17 volunteers of undergraduate programs, who had participated in practical anatomy classes, before and after FA exposure. Cells were stained according to Feulgen method and then micronucleus test was applied. A total of 1,500 cells were assessed per individual in this study for the micronucleus frequency and other parameters of cytotoxicity. RESULTS: There was statistically significant increase in number of micronucleated BEC after FA exposure (after 1 month p=.034 and after 3.5 months p=.017). However, FA exposure caused no significant increase in other nuclear alterations closely related to cytotoxicity (p≥.05). CONCLUSIONS: FA induced mutagenicity during anatomy classes. Cell death increased, but it was not statistically significant. Efforts have to be made to improve air quality and reduce exposures during anatomy classes.
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Citotoxinas/toxicidade , Células Epiteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Fixadores/toxicidade , Formaldeído/toxicidade , Mucosa Bucal/citologia , Mutagênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Anatomia/educação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Vigabatrin (VGB) is an antiepileptic drug thatincreases brain γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels through irreversible inhibition of GABA transaminase. The aim of this study was to evaluate neurotoxicological effects of VGB measuring motor activity and genotoxic and mutagenic effects after a single and repeated administration. Male Wistar rats received saline, VGB 50, 100, or 250 mg/kg by gavage for acute and subchronic (14 days) treatments and evaluated in the rotarod task. Genotoxicity was evaluated using the alkaline version of the comet assay in samples of blood, liver, hippocampus, and brain cortex after both treatments. Mutagenicity was evaluated using the micronucleus test in bone marrow of the same animals that received subchronic treatment. The groups treated with VGB showed similar performance in rotarod compared with the saline group. Regarding the acute treatment, it was observed that only higher VGB doses induced DNA damage in blood and hippocampus. After the subchronic treatment, VGB did not show genotoxic or mutagenic effects. In brief, VGB did not impair motor activities in rats after acute and subchronic treatments. It showed a repairable genotoxic potential in the central nervous system since genotoxicity was observed in the acute treatment group.
Assuntos
4-Aminobutirato Transaminase/antagonistas & inibidores , Anticonvulsivantes/toxicidade , Dano ao DNA , Micronúcleos com Defeito Cromossômico/induzido quimicamente , Vigabatrina/toxicidade , Animais , Córtex Cerebral/efeitos dos fármacos , Córtex Cerebral/enzimologia , Córtex Cerebral/patologia , Ensaio Cometa , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipocampo/enzimologia , Hipocampo/patologia , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/enzimologia , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Testes para Micronúcleos , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Especificidade de Órgãos , Ratos Wistar , Teste de Desempenho do Rota-Rod , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between non-syndromic oral cleft and variants in IRF6 (rs2235371 and rs642961) and 8q24 region (rs987525) according to the ancestry contribution of the Brazilian population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects with oral cleft (CL, CLP, or CP) and their parents were selected from different geographic regions of Brazil. Polymorphisms were genotyped using a TaqMan assay and genomic ancestry was estimated using a panel of 48 INDEL polymorphisms. RESULTS: A total of 259 probands were analyzed. A TDT detected overtransmission of the rs2235371 G allele (P = 0.0008) in the total sample. A significant association of this allele was also observed in CLP (P = 0.0343) and CLP + CL (P = 0.0027). IRF6 haplotype analysis showed that the G/A haplotype increased the risk for cleft in children (single dose: P = 0.0038, double dose: P = 0.0022) and in mothers (single dose: P = 0.0016). The rs987525 (8q24) also exhibited an association between the A allele and the CLP + CL group (P = 0.0462). These results were confirmed in the probands with European ancestry. CONCLUSIONS: The 8q24 region plays a role in CL/P and the IRF6 G/A haplotype (rs2235371/rs642961) increases the risk for oral cleft in the Brazilian population.
Assuntos
Cromossomos Humanos Par 8 , Fenda Labial/genética , Fissura Palatina/genética , Fatores Reguladores de Interferon/genética , Alelos , População Negra/genética , Brasil , Haplótipos , Humanos , Mutação INDEL , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/genética , Linhagem , Polimorfismo Genético , População Branca/genéticaRESUMO
This work used eleven Peruvian snake venoms (Bothrops andianus, Bothrops atrox, Bothrops barnetti, Bothrops castelnaudi, Bothriopsis chloromelas, Bothrocophias microphthalmus, Bothrops neuwiedi, Bothriopsis oligolepis, Bothriopsis peruviana, Bothrops pictus and Bothriopsis taeniata) to perform in vitro experimentation and determine its main characteristics. Hyaluronidase (HYAL), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP), snake venom serine protease (SVSP) and L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) activities; toxicity by cell viability assays using MGSO3, VERO and HeLa cell lineages; and crossed immunoreactivity with Peruvian (PAV) and Brazilian (BAV) antibothropic polyvalent antivenoms, through ELISA and Western Blotting assays, were determined. Results show that the activities tested in this study were not similar amongst the venoms and each species present their own peculiarities, highlighting the diversity within Bothrops complex. All venoms were capable of reducing cell viability of all tested lineages. It was also demonstrated the crossed recognition of all tested venoms by both antivenoms.