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We review clinical trials of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) to address the current and potential uses of cetuximab (CTX). PubMed was reviewed to identify papers published between 2010 and 2016. The search terms used were "cetuximab" and "head and neck cancer." A total of 634 articles were identified. Phase II or III studies with CTX in patients with advanced SCCHN without treatment or with recurrent/metastatic tumors were selected. Forty-six registries were obtained. Information was critically reviewed and relevant information presented. As definitive treatment of advanced squamous cells carcinomas and as palliative treatment of recurrent/metastatic disease, CTX alone or associated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy is an alternative to chemoradiotherapy because of its distinct and favorable toxicity profile.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Cetuximab/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/radioterapia , Terapia Combinada , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/patologia , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/radioterapia , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e PescoçoRESUMO
Mexican specialists in oncology, oncologic surgery, thoracic surgery, pneumology, pathology, molecular biology, anesthesiology, algology, psychology, nutrition, and rehabilitation (all of them experts in lung cancer treatment) in order to develop the National Consensus on Lung Cancer. The consensus has been developed as an answer to the need of updated Mexican guidelines for the optimal treatment of the disease, as well as to the requirements that such guidelines be established by multidisciplinary panel, depicting the current attention given to cancer lung cases in Mexico. Thus, this paper analyses the epidemiological review, screening, diagnosis, staging, pathology, translational medicine, and the suitable therapies for early, locally advanced, and metastatic disease in the first, second, and third lines of management, as well as rehabilitation and palliative measures.
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Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/terapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Algoritmos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/complicações , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/etiologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/secundário , Árvores de Decisões , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicações , Neoplasias Pulmonares/etiologia , México , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Fumar/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is generally considered a lethal disease, with a poor prognosis. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has emerged as a new approach for peritoneal surface disease. This study investigated the early experience with this combined modality treatment at a single institute. From January 2007 to March 2010, 24 patients were treated After aggressive CS, with HIPEC (cisplatin 25 mg/m(2)/L and mitomycin C 3.3 mg/m(2)/L was administered for 90-minutes at 40.5° C). These data suggest that aggressive CRS with HIPEC for the treatment of PC may result in low mortality and acceptable morbidity. Rigorous patient selection, appropriate and prudent operative procedures were associated with encouraging results in our experience.
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INTRODUCTION: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the second most common gynecologic malignancy worldwide in the peri and postmenopausal period. Most often for the endometrioid variety. In early clinical stages long-term survival is greater than 80%, while in advanced stages it is less than 50%. In our country there is not a standard management between institutions. GICOM collaborative group under the auspice of different institutions have made the following consensus in order to make recommendations for the management of patients with this type of neoplasm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The following recommendations were made by independent professionals in the field of Gynecologic Oncology, questions and statements were based on a comprehensive and systematic review of literature. It took place in the context of a meeting of four days in which a debate was held. These statements are the conclusions reached by agreement of the participant members. RESULTS: Screening should be performed women at high risk (diabetics, family history of inherited colon cancer, Lynch S. type II). Endometrial thickness in postmenopausal patients is best evaluated by transvaginal US, a thickness greater than or equal to 5 mm must be evaluated. Women taking tamoxifen should be monitored using this method. Abnormal bleeding in the usual main symptom, all post menopausal women with vaginal bleeding should be evaluated. Diagnosis is made by histerescopy-guided biopsy. Magnetic resonance is the best image method as preoperative evaluation. Frozen section evaluates histologic grade, myometrial invasion, cervical and adnexal involvement. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo oophorectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy should be performed except in endometrial histology grades 1 and 2, less than 50% invasion of the myometrium without evidence of disease out of the uterus. Omentectomy should be done in histologies other than endometriod. Surgery should be always performed by a Gynecologic Oncologist or Surgical Oncologist, laparoscopy is an alternative, especially in patients with hypertension and diabetes for being less morbid. Adjuvant treatment after surgery includes radiation therapy to the pelvis, brachytherapy, and chemotherapy. Patients with Stages III and IV should have surgery with intention to achieve optimal cytoreduction because of the impact on survival (51 m vs. 14 m), the treatment of recurrence can be with surgery depending on the pattern of relapse, systemic chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. Follow-up of patients is basically clinical in a regular basis. CONCLUSIONS: Screening programme is only for high risk patients. Multidisciplinary treatment impacts on survival and local control of the disease, including surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, hormonal treatment is reserved to selected cases of recurrence. This is the first attempt of a Mexican Collaborative Group in Gynecology to give recommendations is a special type of neoplasm.
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Carcinoma , Neoplasias do Endométrio , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/epidemiologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma/terapia , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Terapia Combinada , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Neoplasias do Endométrio/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Endométrio/epidemiologia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/terapia , Antagonistas de Estrogênios/efeitos adversos , Terapia de Reposição de Estrogênios/efeitos adversos , Estrogênios/efeitos adversos , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Feminino , Humanos , Histerectomia/métodos , Laparoscopia , Excisão de Linfonodo , Programas de Rastreamento , México , Estadiamento de Neoplasias/métodos , Radioterapia Adjuvante , Fatores de Risco , Terapia de Salvação , Tamoxifeno/efeitos adversosRESUMO
El vómito y la náusea inducida por agentes citotóxicos frecuentemente limita la utilización de agentes efectivos pero emetizantes como el cisplatino. Este fue un estudio comparativo de Granisetron versus metoclopramida más dexametasona que evaluó la eficacia y efectos colaterales en las primeras 24 horas en ambos grupos. Se incluyeron 40 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer candidatos a recibir cisplatino a una dosis mayor de 49 mg/m2 con hoja de consentimiento informado. Se excluyeron pacientes que hubieran tenido náusea o vómito previo al tratamiento. Se administró Granisetron 40 m g/kg diluido en 20 mL de la solución salina para infusión intravenosa de cinco minutos previo a cisplatino en un grupo y en el otro se administró dexametasona 12 mg diluidos en 50 mL de solución salina para infusión de 30 minutos y metoclopramida 3 mg/kg I.V. en 30 minutos seguido de 4 mg/kg en infusión intravenosa para 8 hrs. Se consideró respuesta completa cuando los pacientes no tuvieron vómito ni náusea o sólo náusea leve. Hubo veintiún pacientes en el grupo de Granisetron y 19 en el grupo de tratamiento estándar. Obtuvimos respuesta completa (RC) del 66.6 por ciento en el grupo de Granisetron vs 73.68 por ciento en el grupo control, se presentó 20 por ciento de extrapiramidalismo de intensidad moderada en el grupo control (p=0.89), mientras que sólo el 9.5 por ciento del grupo de Granisetron presentó cefalea. Granisetron fue tan eficaz como la combinación con metoclopramida con la ventaja de tener muy pocos efectos adversos.