RESUMO
The diffusion of photogenerated holes is studied in a high-mobility mesoscopic GaAs channel where electrons exhibit hydrodynamic properties. It is shown that the injection of holes into such an electron system leads to the formation of a hydrodynamic three-component mixture consisting of electrons and photogenerated heavy and light holes. The obtained results are analyzed within the framework of ambipolar diffusion, which reveals characteristics of a viscous flow. Both hole types exhibit similar hydrodynamic characteristics. In such a way the diffusion lengths, ambipolar diffusion coefficient, and the effective viscosity of the electron-hole system are determined.
RESUMO
The objective of this study was to assess whether human papillomavirus (HPV) detection with hybrid capture II (HC II) can help predict the presence and the nature, glandular or squamous, of histologic cervical lesions in women referred due to atypical glandular cells (AGC) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). A total of 247 women were included. Referral Pap smears comprised AGC (51 cases), AGC plus HSIL (28 cases), adenocarcinoma in situ (10 cases), and HSIL (158 cases). All patients were tested for high-risk HPV with HC II and had a histologic assessment of their cervix. Histologic analysis showed 38 women with (15.3%) cervicitis, 194 with (75.5%) squamous lesions, and 15 with (9.2%) glandular neoplasia. The overall rate of high-risk HPV detection was 77%. Almost 70% of AGC-HPV-negative patients did not have a pathologically proven cervical neoplasia, whereas 76% of women with AGC-HPV-positive result were diagnosed with a squamous or glandular neoplasia. Most (95%) of the lesions in patients with AGC-HSIL were of squamous nature, and HPV detection did not contribute to their differentiation from glandular lesions. We conclude that in women with AGC, HPV positivity strongly correlated with the presence of glandular or squamous cervical lesion but did not help distinguishing women with squamous from those with glandular neoplasia.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virologia , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Doenças do Colo do Útero/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Adulto , Carcinoma in Situ/diagnóstico , Carcinoma in Situ/epidemiologia , Carcinoma in Situ/virologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Sondas de DNA de HPV , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Epiteliais e Glandulares/virologia , Neoplasias de Células Escamosas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias de Células Escamosas/virologia , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/diagnóstico , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/epidemiologia , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas/virologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Doenças do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Doenças do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Displasia do Colo do Útero/epidemiologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The present study have found out the number of patients assisted at the sector of Psychiatric Urgencies (SUP) and at the Midwifery Clinic of the University Hospital at Ribeirão Preto (HC), with the diagnosis 648.4 (Mental Disorders in Pregnancy, Childbirth and Puerperium), according to CID-9, from 1988 to 1993. Authors searched for reports containing informations on the care provided in these services. The sample was formed by women from 15 to 29 old years, whose disorders include psychotic disorders, depressive cases with or without attempts of suicide and non-specified mental disorders. Some of this disorders showed in comorbidity with others diagnostics. Resulting showed the need of nurses paying more attention to manifestations of these disorders and search for means to enable the identifications in the care provided at emergencies.
Assuntos
Serviços de Emergência Psiquiátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Saúde Materna/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Transtornos Puerperais/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Transtornos Mentais/enfermagem , Avaliação das Necessidades , Diagnóstico de Enfermagem , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Complicações na Gravidez/enfermagem , Transtornos Puerperais/diagnóstico , Transtornos Puerperais/enfermagemAssuntos
Neoplasias Renais/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Renais Policísticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal , Tumor de Wilms/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Neoplasias Renais/complicações , Masculino , Doenças Renais Policísticas/complicações , Tumor de Wilms/complicaçõesRESUMO
Through an epidemiological examination, the authors searched for co-morbidities and for psychiatric diagnoses related to alcohol. So, patients attended in a Psychiatric ward at an Emergency Service from 1988 to 1991 were investigated. The aim was to identify clinical diseases and another incidents that assault this population. The diagnoses examined were the ones related to alcohol, according to CID-9 (291; 303; 305.0) and the ones associated that do not belong to psychiatry 1835 cases were observed with diagnoses related to alcohol and among them 487 (26.5%) were concerning to the groups 291-303-305.0, which were associated to another psychiatric diagnoses. The larger frequency occurred in the groups 340-349 (Another central nervous system disorders) and 800-859 (Lesions and traumatic complications) with 80 (16.4%) patients, respectively. Through data observation by year, authors found that among the diagnoses related to alcohol (with clinical diagnoses associated), the 303 (Alcohol dependence syndrome) was the one that had the larger number of patients with 326 (67%) cases, followed by the 291 (Alcohol psychoses) with 117 (24%) cases and the 305.0 (Alcohol) with 44 cases (9%). In the period, the psychiatric diagnoses 303 and 291 appeared more frequently associated to the group of clinical diagnoses 340-349, with 55 (11.2%) and 12 (2.4%) cases respectively and the 305.0 had the group 800-859 with 10 (2%) cases as the more frequent.
Assuntos
Alcoolismo/complicações , Serviços de Emergência Psiquiátrica , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Gerais , Transtornos Mentais/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Criança , Comorbidade , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados , Feminino , Hospitalização/tendências , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The authors discuss positivism foundations; the most remarkable influences to comtian's philosophy structuration; how Comte's ideas, as doctrine in so far as method, dominate society's thoughts, passing beyond XIX century and reaching XX century; and how the positivist doctrine and empirical method influenced Nursing conceptions about science and about human being/environment/disease.
Assuntos
Pesquisa em Enfermagem/história , Filosofia em Enfermagem/história , Filosofia/história , Brasil , História do Século XVII , História do Século XVIII , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , América do NorteRESUMO
To evaluate the effect of fundoplication on the gastric emptying (GE) of liquids, the authors studied 96 male Wistar rats divided into three main groups: group E (early postoperative), formed by 32 rats that received physiological saline as a test meal and whose gastric emptying was evaluated 8 days after surgery; group L (late postoperative), which received the same test meal but was evaluated 29 days after surgery; and group G (glucose), which received 5% glucose in water and was studied 8 days after surgery. Each group was subdivided in two subgroups of 16 animals: in one (atropine), the animals received intravenous (I.V.) atropine sulfate (0.3 mg/100 mg rat weight) 60 minutes before GE test; the other subgroup (controls) received I.V. physiological saline. In both subgroups 8 animals had been submitted to fundoplication and 8 to sham operation. Every test meal, containing 6 mg% red phenol, was infused by gravity through a metallic catheter. Gastric retention was determined by measuring the concentration of the marker in the liquid recovered from the stomach 10 minutes after infusion. In the animals of group E, fundoplication increased the gastric emptying of physiological saline, both in the control and the atropine subgroups. In the L group, gastric retention values were similar in fundoplication and sham-operated rats, suggesting an adaptation of the stomach to the fundoplication. In the G group, fundoplication enhanced GE among the control animals, but not among those receiving I.V. atropine sulfate. These results support the importance of gastric emptying studies in every patient to be submitted to fundoplication.
Assuntos
Fundoplicatura , Esvaziamento Gástrico , Adaptação Fisiológica , Animais , Atropina , Masculino , Período Pós-Operatório , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Cloreto de Sódio , Estômago/fisiologiaRESUMO
The study's goal was to investigate the scientific production in Brazil's southeast region during 1987 to 1991 period. To do thal, letters were sent to 15 nursing schools that we had the address or through personal contact with someone from the institutions, asking a list of their scientific production during the period above stated. In order to be included in the study, the article had to meet some criteria that were established as important for a quantitative evaluation and classification. After that, qualitative classification was done by the article's tile using nine categories. The total of publications found were 2237 articles from which, 1585 were from nursing schools in the state of São Paulo, 222 from hospitals in the city of São Paulo, 296 from Federal University of Minas Gerais' School of Nursing and 134 from nursing schools in Rio de Janeiro.
Assuntos
Pesquisa em Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Brasil , Humanos , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/classificação , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/tendências , Editoração/classificação , Editoração/estatística & dados numéricos , Editoração/tendências , Escolas de Enfermagem , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Four children with benign intraperitoneal lipomatous tumors (mesenteric lipoma, mesenteric lipoblastoma, omental lipoblastoma and mesenteric mesenchymoma) are reported. The ultrasonographic findings of these unusual pediatric masses are described and correlated with their conventional radiologic and pathologic appearance. The pre-operative diagnosis of these entities can be suggested by these features.
Assuntos
Lipoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Peritoneais/diagnóstico por imagem , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Lipoma/patologia , Masculino , Mesenquimoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Mesenquimoma/patologia , Mesentério , Omento , Neoplasias Peritoneais/patologia , Radiografia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Fourteen children with adrenal cortical carcinoma were evaluated by ultrasonography. The neoplasms, 2.5 cm-19 cm in maximum diameter, were all well circumscribed. The four smaller lesions were either homogeneously hypoechoic (2 patients) or generally hyperechoic (2 patients). In the 10 patients with larger tumors, a complex predominantly echogenic pattern was demonstrated, eight of which contained radiating linear echoes, the "scar sign". This finding, although not specific, when present in a large adrenal mass, is suggestive of a cortical carcinoma. Associated findings of vascular invasion or retroperitoneal adenopathy supported the diagnosis of a malignant adrenal neoplasm in 3 patients.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Córtex Suprarrenal/patologia , Neoplasias do Córtex Suprarrenal/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
The histopathologic aspects of the intrahepatic dysplasic bile ducts (cholangiodysplasia) found in two brothers, one of them asymptomatic, are discussed. This entity is characterized by interlobular bile ducts proliferation and portal fibrosis, without cholestasis but with chronic active cholangitis. The differential diagnosis and the probable genesis of the cholangiodysplasias are discussed.