RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of acupuncture and sham-acupuncture on women with menopausal symptoms as reflected in the intensity of their hot flushes and the Kupperman Menopausal Index (KMI). METHOD: This was a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial with 81 patients assigned to two groups: Group 1 received 12 months of acupuncture, then 6 months of sham-acupuncture treatment (n = 56) and Group 2 received 6 months of sham-acupuncture, then 12 months of acupuncture treatment (n = 25). The needles were inserted in a harmonic craniocaudal manner at a depth of about 2 cm, and each session lasted approximately 40 min. The efficacy of acupuncture in ameliorating the climacteric symptoms of patients in postmenopause was determined through the KMI and the intensity of hot flushes. The analysis of variance method for two factors and repeated measures was applied. RESULTS: The baseline values of the women in both groups were similar for the KMI score and number of hot flushes. At the end of 6 months, the values for the KMI and hot flushes for the women in Group 1 were lower than those of the women in Group 2 (p < 0.05). After 12 months, the KMI and hot flush data were similar in both groups. After 18 months, the values of the KMI and hot flushes for the women in Group 2 for were lower than those of the women in Group 1 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Acupuncture treatment for relieving menopausal symptoms may be effective for decreasing hot flushes and the KMI score in postmenopausal women.

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RESUMO

The study of digestive pathophysiology and scientific advnces showed a better knowledge related to the invaluable usefulness of the nutritional stage and the importance of the intestinal route for feeding purposes. In this consideration, the enteral feeding is elective considered not only in patients with an adquate digestive function but further more with some difficulties or swallowing disturbances, but also in those patients that because of their underlying pathology can not feed tremselves by mouth in a temporary way. The caloric support by the intestinal route con be performed by nasoenteral tubes or osteomas as gastrostomies, gastrojejunostomy, jejunostomies and hepato-jejunostomies. The aim of this report eas to show our results with the different ways of enteral feeding. These results are presented and discussed.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The study of digestive pathophysiology and scientific advnces showed a better knowledge related to the invaluable usefulness of the nutritional stage and the importance of the intestinal route for feeding purposes. In this consideration, the enteral feeding is elective considered not only in patients with an adquate digestive function but further more with some difficulties or swallowing disturbances, but also in those patients that because of their underlying pathology can not feed tremselves by mouth in a temporary way. The caloric support by the intestinal route con be performed by nasoenteral tubes or osteomas as gastrostomies, gastrojejunostomy, jejunostomies and hepato-jejunostomies. The aim of this report eas to show our results with the different ways of enteral feeding. These results are presented and discussed.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

We studied the distribution of sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) - insect vectors of several diseases, including leishmaniasis - at the interface between primary forest and cattle pasture and between primary forest and secondary forest (< 15 yr old) in Southern Brazilian Amazonia. Sandflies were collected by using a combination of light traps and traps having vertebrates as baits. Strong differences in abundance and species richness were found between primary forests and pastures. Very few sandfly species were found in the pastures, and those that were found generally occurred at lower densities when compared to the adjacent forest. At least one species (Lutzomyia lainsoni), however, can become extremely abundant in pastures, possibly depending on the presence of cattle and water bodies. Differences between primary forests and secondary forests were not so strong, although the latter usually had fewer species and lower population abundances. No species were exclusively found in pastures or secondary forests; the species present in these two habitats were a subset of those found in primary forests. The distance to the edge did not affect the abundance, richness and composition of sandfly species in primary forests. The abundance and richness of sandflies, however, was greater in forest edges facing pastures than those facing secondary forests. This pattern could not be explained by an influx of species and individuals from the adjacent pasture, suggesting the existence of in situ differences between the different types of forest edges studied.

Assuntos

RESUMO

We studied the distribution of sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae)--insect vectors of several diseases, including leishmaniasis--at the interface between primary forest and cattle pasture and between primary forest and secondary forest (< 15 yr old) in Southern Brazilian Amazonia. Sandflies were collected by using a combination of light traps and traps having vertebrates as baits. Strong differences in abundance and species richness were found between primary forests and pastures. Very few sandfly species were found in the pastures, and those that were found generally occurred at lower densities when compared to the adjacent forest. At least one species (Lutzomyia lainsoni), however, can become extremely abundant in pastures, possibly depending on the presence of cattle and water bodies. Differences between primary forests and secondary forests were not so strong, although the latter usually had fewer species and lower population abundances. No species were exclusively found in pastures or secondary forests; the species present in these two habitats were a subset of those found in primary forests. The distance to the edge did not affect the abundance, richness and composition of sandfly species in primary forests. The abundance and richness of sandflies, however, was greater in forest edges facing pastures than those facing secondary forests. This pattern could not be explained by an influx of species and individuals from the adjacent pasture, suggesting the existence of in situ differences between the different types of forest edges studied.

Assuntos

RESUMO

We studied the distribution of sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) - insect vectors of several diseases, including leishmaniasis - at the interface between primary forest and cattle pasture and between primary forest and secondary forest ( 15 yr old) in Southern Brazilian Amazonia. Sandflies were collected by using a combination of light traps and traps having vertebrates as baits. Strong differences in abundance and species richness were found between primary forests and pastures. Very few sandfly species were found in the pastures, and those that were found generally occurred at lower densities when compared to the adjacent forest. At least one species (Lutzomyia lainsoni), however, can become extremely abundant in pastures, possibly depending on the presence of cattle and water bodies. Differences between primary forests and secondary forests were not so strong, although the latter usually had fewer species and lower population abundances. No species were exclusively found in pastures or secondary forests; the species present in these two habitats were a subset of those found in primary forests. The distance to the edge did not affect the abundance, richness and composition of sandfly species in primary forests. The abundance and richness of sandflies, however, was greater in forest edges facing pastures than those facing secondary forests. This pattern could not be explained by an influx of species and individuals from the adjacent pasture, suggesting the existence of in situ differences between the different types of forest edges studied.

Estudamos a distribuição de flebótomos (Diptera: Phlebotminae) - insetos vetores de várias doenças, incluindo-se a leishmaniose - na interface entre a pastagem e a floresta primária e entre a capoeira e a floresta primária, em Alta Floresta, no sul da Amazônia. Os flebótomos foram coletados com armadilhas de luz e com o uso de vertebrados como iscas. Foram detectadas fortes diferenças na abundância e na riqueza de espécies entre florestas primárias e pastagens. Poucas espécies de flebótomos foram encontradas nas pastagens, e nestas em geral as populações eram esparsas. Entretanto, ao menos uma espécie (Lutzomyia lainsoni) pode ser bastante abundante nas pastagens, possivelmente em função da congregação de gado em torno de pequenos corpos d'água. As diferenças entre as capoeiras e a floresta primária foram relativamente pequenas, embora as capoeiras apresentassem menor abundância e menor diversidade de espécies de flebótomos. Nenhuma espécie foi registrada exclusivamente nas pastagens ou capoeiras; as espécies presentes nesses ambientes representaram um subconjunto das espécies da floresta. A distância até a borda da floresta não afetou a abundância, a riqueza e a composição de espécies de flebótomos nos fragmentos florestais. A abundância e a riqueza de espécies de flebótomos, entretanto, foram maiores em bordas de floresta adjacentes à pastagem do que naquelas adjacentes à capoeira. Este padrão não pode ser explicado por uma entrada de flebótomos da pastagem adjacente, o que sugere a existência de diferenças intrínsecas entre os dois tipos de borda estudados.

RESUMO

Patella aplasia-hypoplasia (PTLAH) is a rare genetic defect characterized by congenital absence or marked reduction of the patella. PTLAH can occur either as an isolated defect or in association with other malformations, and it characteristically occurs in the nail-patella syndrome and in some chromosome imbalances. We report the first evidence of linkage for isolated PTLAH in an extended Venezuelan family. After exclusion of the candidate chromosome regions where disorders associated with PTLAH have been mapped, a genomewide scan was performed that supported mapping of the disease locus within a region of 12 cM on chromosome 17q22. Two marker loci (D17S787 and D17S1604) typed from this region gave maximum LOD scores >3. Accordingly, multipoint analysis gave a maximum LOD score of 3.39, with a most likely location for the disease gene between D17S787 and D17S1604. Sequencing of the noggin gene, a candidate mapping between these markers, failed to reveal any mutation in affected subjects.

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Se presentan 423 resecciones por cancer colorrectoanal, efectuadas en los ultimos 10 anos Se analizan las causas de morbimortalidad en relacion a diversas variables y a distintos tipos de reseccion. La mortalidad postoperatoria global fue del 10,6%, descendiendo del 15,9% al 5,3% en 2 periodos sucesivos. Esta reduccion obedecio al mejor manejo pre, intra y postoperatorio de los pacientes. Se senalan los factores que adquieren mayor importancia para disminuir la morbimortalidad postoperatoria. Las rececciones paliativas, la cirugia no electiva y las operaciones en pacientes mayores de 70 anos fueron gravadas por una letalidad significativamente elevada al compararlas con la cirugia efectuada en ausencia de dichos factores. Se insiste en la necesidad de conocer estas variables cuando se desea confrontar los resultados de distintas series

Assuntos

RESUMO

Se presentan 423 resecciones por cancer colorrectoanal, efectuadas en los ultimos 10 anos Se analizan las causas de morbimortalidad en relacion a diversas variables y a distintos tipos de reseccion. La mortalidad postoperatoria global fue del 10,6%, descendiendo del 15,9% al 5,3% en 2 periodos sucesivos. Esta reduccion obedecio al mejor manejo pre, intra y postoperatorio de los pacientes. Se senalan los factores que adquieren mayor importancia para disminuir la morbimortalidad postoperatoria. Las rececciones paliativas, la cirugia no electiva y las operaciones en pacientes mayores de 70 anos fueron gravadas por una letalidad significativamente elevada al compararlas con la cirugia efectuada en ausencia de dichos factores. Se insiste en la necesidad de conocer estas variables cuando se desea confrontar los resultados de distintas series

Assuntos