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Among people living with HIV (PLHIV), progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH) represents an important cause of mortality. Since antigen detection allows a rapid diagnosis and the instauration of a specific treatment this study aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the Hcp100 dot blot, an in-house assay that detects the Histoplasma capsulatum 100-kilodalton antigen in urine and compare it with 2 commercially available assays the Histoplasma Urine Antigen Lateral Flow Assay (MVD-LFA) (MiraVista® Diagnostics) and the Clarus Histoplasma Galactomannan EIA (Clarus HGM) (IMMY). Urine specimens from 23 PLHIV with PDH, 13 patients with other infectious diseases, and 20 healthy individuals were tested. The Hcp100 dot blot showed higher sensitivity (87.0%), specificity (97.0%) and accuracy (92.9%) than the MVD-LFA (73.9%, 78.8%, and 76.8%, respectively) and the Clarus HGM (78.3%, 90.9%, and 85.7%, respectively). The Hcp100 dot blot had high analytical performance and would be a valuable screening tool for diagnosing PDH among PLHIV.
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Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida , Histoplasmose , Humanos , Histoplasmose/diagnóstico , Histoplasmose/urina , Histoplasma , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Antígenos de FungosRESUMO
Introducción: la colecistectomía laparoscópica constituye el patrón oro en el tratamiento de la litiasis biliar. Bajo una estricta selección de pacientes, la modalidad ambulatoria ha demostrado ser factible y segura. En COMEF se realiza desde el año 2016. El posoperatorio transcurrió por diferentes etapas, internación en cuidados moderados, internación en sala de cirugía del día más internación domiciliaria, internación únicamente en sala de cirugía del día y finalmente alta domiciliaria desde block quirúrgico. El objetivo del trabajo es calcular los costos de cada una de las modalidades posoperatorias de la colecistectomía laparoscópica en el período 2016-2021. Materiales y método: se realizó un estudio de costos de cada una de las modalidades posoperatorias mediante la determinación del costo del día cama ocupada en cuidados moderados e internación domiciliaria, así como la retribución de un auxiliar de enfermería encargado de la sala de cirugía del día. Los datos fueron obtenidos de la Estructura de Costos de Atención a la Salud y la producción de cada servicio. Resultados: el costo del día cama ocupada en cuidados moderados es de $15.056, el de internación en sala de cirugía del día y luego internación domiciliaria $4.953,69, únicamente en sala de cirugía del día $807,69 y finalmente el alta domiciliaria desde block quirúrgico $33. Conclusiones: los costos del posoperatorio de la colecistectomía laparoscópica en modalidad ambulatoria son menores que los que requieren internación en cuidados moderados, y dichos costos se reducen progresivamente cuando se pasa de la internación domiciliaria al alta sin internación domiciliaria y sin recuperación en sala de cirugía del día.
Introduction: laparoscopic cholecystectomy constitutes the gold standard to treat gallstones. Ambulatory treatment has proved to be feasible and safe for carefully selected patients. At COMEF, laparoscopic cholecystectomies have been performed since 2016, and postoperative management has covered different stages: intermediate care during hospitalization, admission in day surgery units plus home care or home admissions, hospitalization in day surgery units and discharge directly after surgery, directly from the ER. The study aims to calculate the cost of each one of the different postoperative management modalities for laparoscopic cholecystectomies between 2016 and 2021. Method: a cost study was conducted for each one of the postoperative management modalities by calculating the cost of the hospital bed day in intermediate care and house care, as well as the salary of the nurses' staff at the day surgery unit. Data was obtained from the Healthcare Services Cost Structure and the production of each one of the services mentioned. Results: the daily bed day cost in intermediate care is $ 15,056, the daily cost of day surgery unit plus home care afterwards is $ 4,953.69, the cost of surgery admission in the day surgery unit is $ 807.69 and discharge directly from the OR is $ 33. Conclusions: the postoperative cost of ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy is lower than that requiring interaction in intermediate care and these costs are progressively reduced when moving from home care with and without interaction upon discharge towards no recovery in the day surgery unit.
Introdução: a colecistectomia laparoscópica é o padrão ouro no tratamento da litíase biliar. Com uma rigorosa seleção de pacientes, a modalidade ambulatorial tem se mostrado viável e segura. Na COMEF é realizada desde 2016, com o pós-operatório passando por diferentes etapas: internação em cuidados moderados, internação na sala de cirurgia do dia mais internação domiciliar, internação apenas na sala de cirurgia no dia e finalmente alta domiciliar do bloco cirúrgico. Objetivo: calcular os custos de cada uma das modalidades pós-operatórias de colecistectomia laparoscópica no período 2016-2021. Materiais e método: foi realizado um estudo dos custos de cada uma das modalidades pós-operatórias determinando o custo do dia de leito ocupado em cuidados moderados e internação atendimento domiciliar, bem como a remuneração de um auxiliar de enfermagem responsável pela cirurgia do dia. Os dados foram obtidos da Estrutura de Custos de Assistência à Saúde e da produção de cada serviço. Resultados: o custo do leito de dia ocupado em cuidados moderados, em é de $ 15.056, a hospitalização na sala de cirurgia de dia e depois internação domiciliar $ 4.953,69, apenas na sala da cirurgia de dia $ 807,69 e finalmente alta domiciliar do bloco cirúrgico $ 33 (valores em pesos uruguaios). Conclusões: os custos pós-operatórios da colecistectomia laparoscópica na modalidade ambulatorial são menores do que aqueles que requerem interação em cuidados moderados e são progressivamente reduzidos quando passa da internação em casa à alta sem interação em casa e sem recuperação na sala de cirurgia no dia.
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Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/economia , Custos Diretos de ServiçosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The ACE2 protein acts as a gateway for SARS-CoV-2 in the host cell, playing an essential role in susceptibility to infection by this virus. Genetics and epigenetic mechanisms related to the ACE2 gene are associated with changes in its expression and, therefore, linked to increased susceptibility to infection. Although some variables such as sex, age, and obesity have been described as risk factors for COVID-19, the molecular causes involved in the disease susceptibility are still unknown. AIM: To evaluate the ACE2 gene expression profiles and their association with epigenetic mechanisms and demographic or clinical variables. METHODS: In 500 adult volunteers, the mRNA expression levels of the ACE2 gene in nasopharyngeal swab samples and its methylation status in peripheral blood samples were quantified by RT-qPCR and qMSP, respectively. The existence of significant differences in the ACE2 gene expression and its determinants were evaluated in different study groups according to several demographic or clinical variables such as sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and presence of underlying diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus (DM2), asthma and arterial hypertension (AHT). RESULTS: Our results show that ACE2 gene overexpression, directly involved in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, depends on multiple host factors such as male sex, age over 30 years, smoking, the presence of obesity, and DM2. Likewise, it was determined that the ACE2 gene expression is regulated by changes in the DNA methylation patterns in its promoter region. CONCLUSIONS: The ACE2 gene expression is highly variable, and this variability is related to habits such as smoking and demographic or clinical variables, which details the impact of environmental and host factors on our epigenome and, therefore, in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Enzima de Conversão de Angiotensina 2/genética , COVID-19 , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Adulto , COVID-19/genética , Epigênese Genética , Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Evisceration of the lung is a rare consequence of open chest trauma that can be fatal. Evisceration of the lung refers to the protrusion of lung parenchyma through a defect of the thoracic wall, without parietal pleural or skin coverage. CASE REPORT: A 20-year-old man was brought to the emergency department (ED) with left lung evisceration from stab wounds. The eviscerated lung was left in place, and the patient was not intubated in the ED. He was immediately taken to the operating room (OR) for intubation and surgical repair. Other significant injuries were ruled out, the eviscerated lung was retrieved, the chest wall defect was closed, and the patient recovered well. He was discharged after seven days in good condition. CONCLUSION: The initial management of patients with lung evisceration is critical to prevent rapid decompensation and death. Appropriate ED airway management, lung retrieval in the OR, and thoracic wall repair is recommended for patients with lung evisceration.
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This research was done to find if using maximum likelihood could reduce the Interactive Optimism Scale-Garcia to a new valid and reliable shorter version. There were 502 adults: 263 women and 239 men (Mage = 34.67, SD = 12.27). It was used in confirmatory factor analysis. A four-item scale is obtained, having excellent goodness of fit: [χ2/df = .609, GFI (Jöreskog and Sörbom's Goodness-of-Fit Index) = .999, NFI (Normed Fit Index) = .999, CFI (Bentler's Comparative Fit Index) = 1.000, RMSEA (Steiger-Lind root mean square error of approximation) = .000 (90% CI = .0001, .077); SRMR (standardized root mean square residual) = .007], as well as factorial invariance across sexes; the scale has good internal consistency (ω = .869, α = .858, ordinal α = .906). Brief Interactive Optimism Scale-G correlates significantly with self-esteem (r = .779, p < . 01, 95% CI [.816, .736]), depression (r = -.810, p < .01, 95% CI [.843, .772]), and psychopathy (r = -.670, p < . 01, 95% CI [.723, .611]). In conclusion, Brief Interactive Optimism Scale-G is a good option for measuring optimism in Mexicans.
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Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica Breve/normas , Otimismo , Adulto , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Psicometria/normas , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Resumen Desde finales del año 2019 un nuevo coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, se extendió desde China hacia el resto del mundo, causando la pandemia de una enfermedad denominada COVID-19. Una enfermedad sistémica que en algunos casos produce neumonía severa que incluso puede progresar a falla respiratoria aguda y finalmente la muerte. Entre las comorbilidades que se han asociado con un aumento en la mortalidad por SARS-CoV-2 se encuentra la diabetes. En general, se estima que tener diabetes aumenta un 18 % el riesgo de infecciones respiratorias, en parte por el impacto que genera sobre la inmunidad innata o adquirida, lo que estaría contribuyendo a una presentación clínica más severa del SARS-CoV-2 al comparar con población sin diabetes. Considerando que existe una asociación entre mal control glucémico y mayor severidad clínica de la infección por COVID-19, se deben hacer importantes consideraciones sobre el manejo farmacológico brindado a los pacientes; el perfilamiento dependerá de las condiciones de cada paciente, de la severidad de la enfermedad y del tipo de manejo instaurado ya sea ambulatorio o intrahospitalario.
Abstract Since the end of the year 2019 a new coronavirus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) has spread from China to the rest of the world, causing the pandemic of the disease called COVID-19. A systemic disease that in some cases produces severe pneumonia that can even progress to acute respiratory failure and eventually death. Among the comorbidities that have been associated with an increase in mortality from SARS-CoV-2, diabetes is one of them. In general, it is estimated that having diabetes increases the risk of respiratory infections by 18 %, in part, due to the impact on innate and acquired immunity, which would be contributing to a more severe clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 when compared with population without diabetes. Considering that there is an association between worse glycemic control and higher clinical severity of COVID-19 infection, important considerations must be made regarding the type of pharmacological management that is provided to patients; the profiling will depend on the conditions of each patient, the severity of the disease, and the type of management either as outpatient or in-hospital.
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Abstract Introduction There is controversy regarding the structure of subjective well-being (SWB) and the possibility of calculating a SWB total score. Objective To test and compare five models proposed for the description of SWB. Method The study was implemented with a cross-sectional, ex-post-facto design using an incidental sampling method. The Positive and Negative Experience Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were applied to a sample composed of 600 students of health sciences from two universities of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Data were analyzed through a structural equation modeling, using Maximum Likelihood and Corrected-Bias Percentile methods. Results The bifactor model comprising three specific factors, vis-à-vis the model composed of three correlated factors, had the best data fit (Δχ2/Δdf = 8.166 > 5, ΔNFI = .018, ΔNNFI = .015, and ΔCFI = .016 > .01), and all its fit indices were close; however, the specific factor related to positive affect had a poor contribution. Nevertheless, the model composed of three correlated factors had the greatest parsimony (PR = .853, PNFI = .804, PNNFI = .813, PCFI = .819, and PGFI = .706) and its three factors showed convergent validity, discriminant validity, and internal consistency reliability. Discussion and conclusion The two models with the best properties justify the use of a composite score of SWB based on the scores of positive affect, negative affect, and satisfaction with life, as well as scores for these three specific domains of content. From a psychometric perspective, the model composed of three correlated factors yielded the best result.
Resumen Introducción Hay una controversia en torno a la estructura del bienestar subjetivo (BS) y la posibilidad de calcular una puntuación total del BS. Objetivo Contrastar y comparar cinco modelos propuestos para el BS. Método El diseño del estudio fue ex-post-facto de corte transversal. Se usó un muestreo incidental. La Escala de Experiencias Positivas y Negativas y la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida se aplicaron a una muestra compuesta por 600 estudiantes de ciencias de la salud de dos universidades de Nuevo León, México. Los datos se analizaron por modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales, usando Máxima Verosimilitud y Percentiles Corregidos de Sesgo. Resultados El modelo bifactor de tres factores específicos tuvo, respecto del modelo compuesto por tres factores correlacionados, tuvo el mejor ajuste a los datos (Δχ2/Δdf = 8.166 > 5, ΔNFI = .018, ΔNNFI = .015 y ΔCFI = .016 > .01) y todos sus índices de ajuste fueron buenos; no obstante, el factor específico de afecto positivo tuvo una contribución pobre. Sin embargo, el modelo de tres factores correlacionados tuvo la mayor parsimonia (PR = .853, PNFI = .804, PNNFI = .813, PCFI = .819 y PGFI = .706) y sus tres factores mostraron validez convergente, validez discriminante y consistencia interna. Discusión y conclusión Los dos modelos con mejores propiedades justifican el uso de una puntuación compuesta de BS integrada por afecto positivo, afecto negativo y satisfacción con la vida, así como puntuaciones para estos tres dominios específicos de contenido. Desde la perspectiva psicométrica, el modelo de tres factores correlacionados proporcionó el mejor resultado.
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The goal of the present work was to develop a novel reagent with potential for histoplasmosis diagnosis. For this purpose, the genetic sequence of the 100 kDa protein of Histoplasma capsulatum (Hcp100) was cloned and expressed as a secretory protein in Pichia pastoris. After optimizing the culture conditions and purifying by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography, the highest yield of Hcp100 reached approximately 1.3 mg/l with > 90% purity in shake flasks using basal salt medium supplemented with casamino acids after 72 h of methanol induction. To investigate its potential for diagnosis, its detection in urine samples using specific polyclonal antibodies as reagent was evaluated by dot blot in 6 patients with progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH), of whom all had AIDS. Antigen was detected in urine from all 6 (100%) PDH patients. Urine samples from a pool of 20 healthy individuals did not react with the anti-Hcp100 antibodies. The dot blot assay performed in this study provides preliminary data of a simple technology that can be performed in medical institutions with limited resources to facilitate the rapid diagnosis of histoplasmosis, particularly the disseminated forms. Hence, use of these assays may provide a rapid diagnostic tool of PDH in endemic areas for histoplasmosis where PDH-related mortality is high, hastening treatment and improving patient survival. Finally, this novel antigen and its specific antibodies may provide an alternative diagnostic reagent to the largely unknown and poorly characterized polysaccharide antigens (HPA, galactomannan, histoplasmin) frequently used in the diagnostic tests. KEY POINTS: Few antigens are used as laboratory tools for the immunodiagnosis of histoplasmosis. P. pastoris was an excellent system for recombinant Hcp100 expression. Maximum expression levels of rHcp100 were achieved in BSM with 1% casamino acids. Dot blot assays with anti-rHcp100 antisera can be successfully used for diagnosing PHD.
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Antígenos de Fungos/metabolismo , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Histoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Histoplasmose/diagnóstico , Animais , Anticorpos Antifúngicos/sangue , Antígenos de Fungos/genética , Antígenos de Fungos/imunologia , Antígenos de Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Proteínas Fúngicas/imunologia , Proteínas Fúngicas/isolamento & purificação , Histoplasma/imunologia , Histoplasmose/urina , Humanos , Testes Imunológicos , Camundongos , Coelhos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/imunologia , Proteínas Recombinantes/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Saccharomycetales/genética , Saccharomycetales/metabolismoRESUMO
The Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) aims to measure affect with high transcultural validity. The bifactor model is the best theoretical option to represent affective balance, although it is not typically used in validation studies. The objectives of this research were to test a bifactor model vis-à-vis the traditional model composed of two correlated factors, to prove its invariance across sexes, and to provide evidence of concurrent validity. A nonprobability sample composed of 600 Mexican students of psychology and medicine was recruit. One-group and multigroup confirmatory factor analyses were carried out. The SPANE and the scales selected to assess depression, perceived stress, and satisfaction with life were applied. The bifactor model showed better goodness-of-fit indices than the two correlated factors model: Δχ2(11) = 121.436, p < . 001, Δχ2/Δdf = 11.04 > 5, ΔGFI = .034, ΔNFI = .025, ΔNNFI = .022, and ΔCFI = .023 >.01. The internal consistency for the general factor as well as for the factor of positive affect was excellent, whereas it was good for the factor of negative affect. The measurement model was valid across sexes. The general factor of affective balance had a very high correlation with depression, high with perceived stress, and medium with satisfaction with life. It is concluded that SPANE is reliable and shows evidence of validity among Mexican student of psychology and medicine, and the bifactor model is adequate to represent affective balance.
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Idioma , Psicologia/educação , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Estudantes/psicologia , Traduções , Adolescente , Adulto , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação Pessoal , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) as mean and percentiles by age and sex in Argentinean indigenous schoolchildren living at 3750 m, contrasting these estimates with those reported in the 2011-2012 National Center for Health Statistics reference population (NHANES). METHODS: Non-HDL-C was calculated as total cholesterol-HDL-C. Analyses incorporated sampling weights for age and sex to obtain unbiased estimates. Sex- and age-specific smoothed percentile curves were performed with Cole's LMS method. RESULTS: A total of 236 (49% males) children from San Antonio de los Cobres (SAC) were evaluated twice and compared with 1409 NHANES children. Non-HDL-C values were 4 mg/dL higher in SAC than in NHANES (109 vs 105 mg/dL, respectively). Trends in non-HDL-C 50th percentile in females differed between ages 6 to 7 and 8 years; in SAC non-HDL-C decreased from 111 to 104 mg/dL, NHANES levels remained stable from103 to 104 mg/dL. Among children aged 9 to10 years, non-HDL-C increased from 114 mg/dL to 117 mg/dL in SAC, but decreased from 113 to 107 mg/dL in NHANES. Between ages 12 and 13 years, non-HDL-C increased from 108 to 120 mg/dL in SAC, and remained steady from105 to 106 mg/dL in NHANES. The 50th percentile of non-HDL-C in males showed similar trends except for ages 6 to 7 to age 8 when non-HDL-C remained stable from 106 to 107 mg/dL in SAC, and increased from 98 mg/dL to 104 mg/dL in NHANES. CONCLUSIONS: Non-HDL-C levels in children vary with age, sex, ethnicity, and altitude. Different patterns in non-HDL-C were observed for girls in SAC compared with NHANES. However, more stable patterns were observed in boys in both groups.
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Colesterol/sangue , Indígenas Sul-Americanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Lipoproteínas/sangue , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Argentina , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Fatores Sexuais , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine whether exogenous administration of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) induces functional and morphological vascular changes in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared with normotensive rats. Male 12-week-old normotensive Wistar and SHR were administered with saline (NaCl 0.9%) or CNP (0.75 µg/h/100 g) for 14 days (subcutaneous micro-osmotic pumps). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured in awake animals and renal parameters were evaluated. After decapitation, the aorta was removed, and vascular morphology, profibrotic markers, and vascular reactivity were measured. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) system and oxidative stress were evaluated. After 14-days of treatment, CNP effectively reduced SBP in SHR without changes in renal function. CNP attenuated vascular remodeling in hypertensive rats, diminishing both profibrotic and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Also, CNP activated the vascular NO system and exerted an antioxidant effect in aortic tissue of both groups, diminishing superoxide production and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, and increasing glutathione content. These results show that chronic treatment with CNP attenuates the vascular damage development in a model of essential hypertension, inducing changes in fibrotic, inflammatory, oxidative, and NO pathways that could contribute to beneficial long-term effects on vascular morphology, extracellular matrix composition, and function. The knowledge of these effects of CNP could lead to improved therapeutic strategies to not only control BP but also reduce vascular damage, primarily responsible for the risk of cardiovascular events.
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Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Natriuréticos/farmacologia , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/farmacologia , Animais , Aorta/metabolismo , Pressão Sanguínea , Citocinas/metabolismo , Glutationa/metabolismo , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Natriuréticos/administração & dosagem , Natriuréticos/uso terapêutico , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/administração & dosagem , Peptídeo Natriurético Tipo C/uso terapêutico , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos SHR , Ratos Wistar , Superóxidos/metabolismo , VasoconstriçãoRESUMO
Abstract The aims of the present study were to investigate the relationship between: a) Patristic ideology and mentalist and behaviorist beliefs, and b) the relationship between mentalist and behaviorist beliefs and cognitive, neuropsychological and interbehavioral beliefs. The beliefs were assessed through an instrument purposely built for this research. A sample composed of 284 university students of first-semester psychology (84 men and 200 women; mean ages M = 17.82 years, SD = 2.34, range 16-38 years) were enrolled. After performing structural equation modelling (SEM), results show that patristic ideology is not related to behaviorism (β = .09, p = .387), but it is related with mentalism (β = .26, p = .042), also the mentalism is related with cognitive beliefs (β = .72, p =.001) and neuropsychological beliefs (β = .87, p = .014), while behaviorism is related with interbehavioral beliefs (β = .42, p = .014). It was found that first-year psychology students show less acceptance of the early patristic ideology (M = 75.28), it is less successful than mentalism (M = 86.33). The conclusion is that mentalism, successor of Patristic ideology, continues to be related to cognitive and neuropsychological beliefs.
Resumen En este artículo se lleva a cabo primeramente una revisión teórica de filosofía, ciencia y psicología. Posteriormente, los orígenes de la psicología y sus creencias se analizan a partir de la historia de la antigua Grecia. Finalmente, se realiza una revisión de la ideología patrística y escolástica. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron investigar la relación entre: a) la ideología patrística y las creencias mentalistas y conductistas, y b) la relación entre las creencias mentalistas y conductistas y las creencias cognitivas, neuropsicológicas e interconductuales. Las creencias fueron evaluadas a través de un instrumento creado ex profeso para esta investigación. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 284 estudiantes universitarios de psicología de primer semestre (84 hombres y 200 mujeres, edad media M = 17.82 años, SD = 2.34, rango 16-38 años). Después de realizar el modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM, por sus siglas en inglés), los resultados muestran que la ideología patrística no está relacionada con el conductismo (β = .09, p = .387), pero está relacionada con el mentalismo (β = .26, p = .042), también el mentalismo está relacionado con creencias cognitivas (β = .72, p = .001) y creencias neuropsicológicas (β = .87, p = .014), mientras que el conductismo está relacionado con creencias interconductuales (β = .42, p = .014 ) Se encuentra que los estudiantes de psicología de primer año muestran una menor aceptación de la ideología patrística temprana (M = 75.28), es menos exitoso que el mentalismo (M = 86.33). Sin embargo, a pesar de este descenso en prestigio, los estudiantes universitarios, quienes apenas han iniciado su carrera de psicología consideran a la ideología Patrística más creíble (M = 75.28) que el conductismo (M = 63.23). En otras palabras, aparentemente a estos estudiantes les parece más coherente creer que hay dos substancias incompatibles coexistiendo en uno mismo que aceptar que solo hay una. La conclusión es que el mentalismo, sucesor de la ideología patrística, sigue estando relacionado con las creencias cognitivas y neuropsicológicas.
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Abstract Introduction The negative effects of anger on health highlight the value of developing short, reliable, and valid instruments that allow its assessment whether for the purpose of research, clinical diagnosis, and/or evaluation of interventions aimed at reducing it effectively. Objective The primary aim of this research was to determine the construct, convergent, and discriminant validity, as well as the factorial invariance, of a new scale to measure anger proneness. Method A confirmatory factorial analysis was used. Results An online nonprobability sample composed of 457 participants (35.2% men and 64.8% women), with a mean age of 36.87 years (SD = 12.513) was recruited. The unidimensional model of the García's Brief Scale for Assessing Anger Proneness (APS-G scale) shows a good data fit (df = 2; χ2 = 5.515; χ2/df = 2.575; CFI = .993; GFI = .996; RMSEA = .051; SRMR = .0193). There are factorial, configural, metric, unrestricted, strong, and strict factorial invariances between men and women. Likewise, a positive correlation coefficient exists between the APS-G scale and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) (r = .561; p < .01); on the other hand, there is a negative correlation coefficient between the studied scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (r = -.179; p < .01). Discussion and conclusion A new reliable and valid instrument to measure anger proneness has been created, and its use is proposed for research and screening purposes with Spanish-speaking population.
Resumen Introducción Los efectos negativos de la ira sobre la salud apuntan a la importancia de desarrollar instrumentos cortos, confiables y válidos que permitan su evaluación, ya sea con propósitos de investigación, diagnóstico clínico y/o evaluaciones de intervenciones que la reduzcan de manera efectiva. Objetivo El objetivo primario fue determinar la validez de constructo, convergente y discriminante, así como la invarianza factorial, de una nueva escala para medir la disposición a la ira. Método Se usó un análisis factorial confirmatorio para evaluar la estructura factorial subyacente y para identificar la validez de constructo del modelo de medición. Resultados Se reclutó una muestra en línea no probabilística compuesta por 457 participantes (35.2% hombres y 64.8% mujeres), con una edad promedio de 36.87 años (DE = 12.513). El modelo de medición muestra una buena bondad de ajuste para la escala unidimensional EPI-G (gl = 2; χ2 = 5.515; χ2/gl = 2.575; CFI = .993; GFI = .996; RMSEA = .051; SRMR = .0193). Se encuentra invarianza factorial configuracional, métrica, fuerte y estricta entre hombres y mujeres, además de una correlación positiva entre la escala propuesta y la Expresión Externa de la Ira del STAXI-2 (r = .561; p < .01) y negativa con la escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS) (r = -.179; p < .01). Discusión y conclusión Un nuevo instrumento para medir la disposición a la ira fue creado para propósitos de investigación y tamizaje, sobre todo en población hispanohablante.
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El presente artículo busca aportar a la discusión sobre el Fortalecimiento Institucional de procesos asociativos rurales en Uruguay. Desde la década del '90 los gobiernos uruguayos han trabajado en fortalecer este sector de la producción a través de diversas políticas que llegan hasta la actualidad. En este sentido cabe preguntarse ¿De qué forma se busca fortalecer la institucionalidad de los procesos asociativos? Y ¿Como impacta en las organizaciones los efectos de estas políticas públicas? Para buscar dar respuesta a estas problemáticas se realizó un abordaje desde un enfoque territorial de las ruralidades y desde la Psicología de las Organizaciones y el Trabajo (POT). La invitación es, además, a realizar un recorrido por más de dos décadas de políticas de apoyo a los procesos asociativos de productores familiares y asalariados, teniendo en cuenta los aspectos macro-políticos, económicos y sociales que afectan al agro uruguayo.
This article seeks to contribute on the discussion of Institutional Strengthening of rural associative processes in Uruguay. Since the 90s, Uruguayan governments have worked to strengthen this sector of production through various policies that have reached the present day. In this sense, it is necessary to ask: How is it sought to strengthen the institutionality of associative processes? And how do the effects of these public policies impact on organizations? In order to answer these problems, an approach will be taken from a territorial focus of the ruralities and from the Psychology of Organizations and Work (POT). The invitation is also to make a journey through more than two decades of policies to support the associative processes of family producers and wage earners, taking into account the macro-political, economic and social aspects that affect Uruguayan agriculture.
Este artigo busca contribuir para a discussão sobre fortalecimento institucional dos processos associativos rurais no Uruguai. Desde 1990 os governos uruguaios trabalharam para fortalecer este setor de produção através de várias políticas que vão ter continuidade até a atualidade. Neste sentido, é necessário perguntar-se: como se busca fortalecer a institucionalidade dos processos associativos? E como estas políticas públicas afetam as organizações? Para responder a esses questões, realizou-se uma abordagem territorial das ruralidades e da Psicologia das Organizações e o Trabalho (POT). O convite também é fazer um recorrido através de mais de duas décadas de políticas orientadas a apoiar os processos associativos dos produtores familiares e assalariados, levando em consideração os aspectos macro-políticos, econômicos e sociais que afetam o agro uruguaio.
L article présente cherche apporter la discussion sur le renforcement de processus associatifs rural en Uruguay. Depuis les années 90 les gouvernements uruguayens ont travaillé pour ce secteur de la production à travers de divers politiques jusqu'à la actualité. Dans ce cas il faut se demander de De quelle façon on cherche fortifier linstutinnalité des processus associatifs? Et Comment percute dans les organisations les effets de ces politiques publiques? Pour pouvoir répondre ce problème on fera un abordage a partir d'un point de vue territorialité des ruralités et de la Psychologie des Organisations et du Travail (POT)
RESUMO
Argas neghmei Kohls & Hoogstraal is a Neotropical tick species parasite of poultry and man in the arid western of the southern cone of America in Argentina and Chile. Males, females and nymphs of an argasid were collected from 20 to 22 of June, 2007 in nests of Creamy-breasted Canastero, Asthenes dorbignyi (Reinchenbach) (Passeriformes: Furnariidae) at about 7 km S of La Poma (24 degrees 46'S, 66 degrees 12'W) and a male tick at 24 degrees 48'S, 66 degrees 10'W on Nov 27, 2008, Salta province, Argentina. Scanning electron microscope micrographies and sequences of 16S rDNA confirmed that the ticks found were A. neghmei. Development in breeding areas of A. dorbignyi is probably a source of infestation for animal premises and houses. However, the role of other unknown wild birds may also contribute to the invasion of A. neghmei in chicken houses or residences.
Assuntos
Argas/fisiologia , Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Passeriformes/parasitologia , Infestações por Carrapato/parasitologia , Animais , Argas/genética , Argas/ultraestrutura , Argentina , Feminino , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Reactive lymphoid follicular hyperplasia is a benign proliferation of lymphoid follicles, which can develop wherever lymphoid tissue is present. We present the unique case of an RLFH that involved the radial nerve and presented as a peripheral nerve tumor. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 62-year-old woman came to our attention because of the evidence of a mass in her right arm, associated with numbness in the lateral aspect of her right arm and forearm. Magnetic resonance findings revealed a contrast-enhancing, spindle-shaped tumor, suggestive of a schwannoma or neurofibroma, along the course of the radial nerve. The intraoperative appearance was that of an infiltrating tissue around a lateral branch of the nerve, which could be resected en bloc. Pathologic examination documented hyperplastic lymphoid tissue surrounding the nerve, and immunostaining confirmed the diagnosis of benign reactive follicular hyperplasia. Systemic infections and autoimmune disorders were excluded by screening examinations. The patient remains free of recurrence 24 months postoperatively. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge this is the first description of RLFH affecting a peripheral nerve and mimicking a neoplasm. This rare and benign condition should be considered in the differential diagnosis of peripheral nerve tumors.