RESUMO
The increased consumption of pesticides can have a negative environmental impact by increasing the essential metals to toxic levels. Bordasul® is a commonly used fungicide in Brazil and it is composed of 20% Cu, 10% sulfur, and 3.0% calcium. The study of fungicides in vivo in non-target model organisms can predict their environmental impact more broadly. The Drosophila melanogaster is a unique model due to its ease of handling and maintenance. Here, the potential toxicity of Bordasul® was investigated by assessing the development, survival, and behavior of exposed flies. Exposure to Bordasul® impaired the development (p < 0.01) and caused a significant reduction in memory retention (p < 0.05) and locomotor ability (p < 0.001). Fungicides are needed to assure the world's food demand; however, Bordasul® was highly toxic to D. melanogaster. Therefore, Bordasul® may be potentially toxic to non-target invertebrates and new environmentally-safe biofertilizers have to be developed to preserve the biota.
Assuntos
Cobre , Drosophila melanogaster , Fungicidas Industriais , Animais , Drosophila melanogaster/efeitos dos fármacos , Fungicidas Industriais/toxicidade , Fungicidas Industriais/farmacologia , Cobre/toxicidade , Brasil , Feminino , Masculino , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The demand for food to feed the growing world population has been promoting the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers, which can be detrimental to the environment. In order to maintain high crop productivity without damaging the ecosystem, biofertilizers have emerged as alternative to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. So, environmentally safer biofertilizer can replace the exploitation of more toxic chemical fertilizer. Here, the fly Drosophila melanogaster was used to study the potential toxicity of the biofertilizer Beifort®. Flies were exposed to high concentrations of Beifort® in the diet (1.8 mL/L, 9.0 mL/L and 18 mL/L), and morphological and behavioral endpoints of toxicity were analyzed (development from egg to adult age, flies longevity, climbing performance, memory and learning of an associative learning, larvae digestive tract damage and plasmid DNA break). Beifort® did not modify flies development, survival, digestive track cell damage, locomotor activity or memory. Beifort® did not induce DNA breakage in vitro and had no toxicity to the non-target D. melanogaster after in vivo exposure. Thus, in addition of promoting the sustainable use of agricultural wastes, the exploitation of Beifort® can contribute to decrease the use of chemical fertilizers.
Assuntos
Drosophila melanogaster , Ecossistema , Animais , Fertilizantes/toxicidade , Fertilizantes/análise , Agricultura , Produção AgrícolaRESUMO
The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of surgical and medical therapy in reducing the risk of cancer in Barrett's esophagus in a long-term evaluation. A prospective cohort was designed that compared Barrett's esophagus patients submitted to medical treatment with omeprazole or laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. The groups were compared using propensity score matching paired by Barrett's esophagus length. A total of 398 patients met inclusion criteria. There were 207 patients in the omeprazole group (Group A) and 191 in the total fundoplication group (Group B). After applying the propensity score matching paired by Barrett's esophagus length, the groups were 180 (Group A) and 190 (Group B). Median follow-up was 80 months. Group B was significantly superior for controlling GERD symptoms. Group B was more efficient than Group A in promoting Barrett's esophagus regression or blocking its progression. Group B was more efficient than Group A in preventing the development of dysplasia and cancer. Logistic regression was performed for the outcomes of adenocarcinoma and dysplasia. Age and body mass index were used as covariates in the logistic regression models. Even after regression analysis, Group B was still superior to Group A to prevent esophageal adenocarcinoma or dysplasia transformation (odds ratio [OR]: 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27-0.97, for adenocarcinoma or any dysplasia; and OR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.08-0.81, for adenocarcinoma or high-grade dysplasia). Surgical treatment is superior to medical management, allowing for better symptom control, less need for reflux medication use, higher regression rate of the columnar epithelium and intestinal metaplasia, and lower risk for progression to dysplasia and cancer.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma , Esôfago de Barrett , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Laparoscopia , Humanos , Esôfago de Barrett/complicações , Esôfago de Barrett/tratamento farmacológico , Esôfago de Barrett/cirurgia , Fundoplicatura , Estudos Prospectivos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/etiologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/etiologia , Adenocarcinoma/prevenção & controle , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , OmeprazolRESUMO
Copper is an essential element to all living organisms. Repeated use of metal-enriched chemicals, fertilizers, and organic substances may cause contamination at a large scale. Altered levels of Cu2+ may result in harmful effects and can be associated with memory and cognitive dysfunction. Studying simple, genetically tractable organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster, can reveal important data on the neural basis of conditioning. D. melanogaster is an important alternative experimental model to assess the toxic response to metals. In the present study, the effects of copper on flies' development and in learning and memory retention in male and female adult flies were investigated. We paired an odorant to pain perception and observed the aversion behavior over time. Exposure of D. melanogaster eggs to Cu2+ increased mortality of larvae, pupae, and adults and decreased memory retention in adults. Moreover, male flies demonstrated to be more susceptible to Cu2+ toxicity than females. The results therefore, reinforce the importance of controlling the anthropogenic heavy-metals soil contamination given their hazardous effects to living organisms.
Assuntos
Drosophila melanogaster , Animais , Cobre , Feminino , Larva , Aprendizagem , MasculinoRESUMO
We present constraints on the existence of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) from an 11 kg d target exposure of the DAMIC experiment at the SNOLAB underground laboratory. The observed energy spectrum and spatial distribution of ionization events with electron-equivalent energies >200 eV_{ee} in the DAMIC CCDs are consistent with backgrounds from natural radioactivity. An excess of ionization events is observed above the analysis threshold of 50 eV_{ee}. While the origin of this low-energy excess requires further investigation, our data exclude spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross sections σ_{χ-n} as low as 3×10^{-41} cm^{2} for WIMPs with masses m_{χ} from 7 to 10 GeV c^{-2}. These results are the strongest constraints from a silicon target on the existence of WIMPs with m_{χ}<9 GeV c^{-2} and are directly relevant to any dark matter interpretation of the excess of nuclear-recoil events observed by the CDMS silicon experiment in 2013.
RESUMO
We report direct-detection constraints on light dark matter particles interacting with electrons. The results are based on a method that exploits the extremely low levels of leakage current of the DAMIC detector at SNOLAB of 2-6×10^{-22} A cm^{-2}. We evaluate the charge distribution of pixels that collect <10e^{-} for contributions beyond the leakage current that may be attributed to dark matter interactions. Constraints are placed on so-far unexplored parameter space for dark matter masses between 0.6 and 100 MeV c^{-2}. We also present new constraints on hidden-photon dark matter with masses in the range 1.2-30 eV c^{-2}.
RESUMO
Genomes are affected by a wide range of damage, which has resulted in the evolution of a number of widely conserved DNA repair pathways. Most of these repair reactions have been described in the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei, which is a genetically tractable eukaryotic microbe and important human and animal parasite, but little work has considered how the DNA damage response operates throughout the T. brucei life cycle. Using quantitative PCR we have assessed damage induction and repair in both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes of the parasite. We show differing kinetics of repair for three forms of DNA damage, and dramatic differences in repair between replicative life cycle forms found in the testse fly midgut and the mammal. We find that mammal-infective T. brucei cells repair oxidative and crosslink-induced DNA damage more efficiently than tsetse-infective cells and, moreover, very distinct patterns of induction and repair of DNA alkylating damage in the two life cycle forms. We also reveal robust repair of DNA lesions in the highly unusual T. brucei mitochondrial genome (the kinetoplast). By examining mutants we show that nuclear alkylation damage is repaired by the concerted action of two repair pathways, and that Rad51 acts in kinetoplast repair. Finally, we correlate repair with cell cycle arrest and cell growth, revealing that induced DNA damage has strikingly differing effects on the two life cycle stages, with distinct timing of alkylation-induced cell cycle arrest and higher levels of damage induced death in mammal-infective cells. Our data reveal that T. brucei regulates the DNA damage response during its life cycle, a capacity that may be shared by many microbial pathogens that exist in variant environments during growth and transmission.
Assuntos
Dano ao DNA , Trypanosoma brucei brucei/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Trypanosoma brucei brucei/genética , Alquilação , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular/genética , Adutos de DNA/metabolismo , Reparo do DNA , DNA de Protozoário/genética , DNA de Protozoário/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/genética , Rad51 Recombinase/metabolismo , Trypanosoma brucei brucei/citologia , Trypanosoma brucei brucei/metabolismoRESUMO
The mini tomato production has expanded, becoming an amazing alternative for enterprise. Despite all commercial potential, the cultivation has the occurrence of pests as main obstacle during the crop development. Nowadays, there are no researches that aimed obtaining genotypes with high acylsugar content, capable of providing a broad-spectrum resistance to pests. This study aimed the selection of mini tomato genotypes, with high acylsugar content, and checking the resistance level to the silverleaf whitefly [Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)] and to the two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch). Sixteen genotypes were evaluated, from which 12 were on the generation F2BC1, originated from the interespecific cross between Solanum pennellii versus Solanum lycopersicum L. and 4 were check treatments, being three of cultivated tomatos (cv. Santa Clara, UFU-02, and UFU-73) and the wild accession LA-716 (S. pennellii). The variables analyzed were acylsugar content, repellency to the silverleaf whitefly, repellence to the two-spotted spider mites, and density of glandular trichomes. The genotypes UFU-22-F2BC1#9 and UFU-73-F2BC1#11 have high acylsugar content and both are resistant to the pests that were evaluated. New studies must be conducted seeking for inbred lines, obtained from the selected genotypes, aiming to get commercial hybrids with high acylsugar content.
Assuntos
Doenças das Plantas/prevenção & controle , Solanum lycopersicum/genética , Animais , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Resistência à Doença/genética , Genótipo , Hemípteros , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Feromônios/genética , Feromônios/metabolismo , Melhoramento Vegetal/métodos , Doenças das Plantas/parasitologia , TetranychidaeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the presence of pulmonary embolism and inflammation after polidocanol foam injection into the peripheral veins of rabbits. METHOD: The animals were treated with polidocanol foam (1 or 3 mg/kg) or vehicle. Early (15 minutes) and late (30 days) animals were evaluated by perfusional lung scintigraphy and histopathological examination. RESULTS: In the control group no alterations were found. After polidocanol foam injection it was observed that an important reduction of pulmonary perfusion in the early periods, was mainly in the left lung (P < 0.001), with consequent embolism in the histological evaluation. In late periods it was observed that the presence of thrombus was with fibrin in small veins, compatible with chronic thrombus and the presence of chronic pulmonary inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: The injection of polidocanol foam in experimental animals can induce venous embolism and chronic inflammatory infiltration.
Assuntos
Pulmão/irrigação sanguínea , Pulmão/patologia , Polietilenoglicóis/efeitos adversos , Embolia Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Embolia Pulmonar/patologia , Soluções Esclerosantes/efeitos adversos , Doença Aguda , Animais , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Masculino , Polidocanol , Polietilenoglicóis/farmacologia , Coelhos , Soluções Esclerosantes/farmacologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A low-grade systemic inflammatory status originating from periodontal infection has been proposed to explain the association between periodontal disease and systemic conditions, including adverse obstetric outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy during pregnancy on the gingival crevicular fluid and serum levels of six cytokines associated with periodontal disease and preterm birth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A subsample of 60 women (18-35 years of age) up to 20 gestational weeks, previously enrolled in a larger randomized clinical trial, was recruited for the present study. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either comprehensive nonsurgical periodontal therapy before 24 gestational weeks (n = 30, test group) or only one appointment for supragingival calculus removal (n = 30, control group). Clinical data, and samples of blood and gingival crevicular fluid, were collected at baseline, at 26-28 gestational weeks and 30 d after delivery. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70 and tumor necrosis factor-α were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: After treatment, a major reduction in periodontal inflammation was observed in the test group, with bleeding on probing decreasing from 49.62% of sites to 11.66% of sites (p < 0.001). Periodontal therapy significantly reduced the levels of IL-1ß and IL-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (p < 0.001). However, no significant effect of therapy was observed on serum cytokine levels. After delivery, the levels of IL-1ß in the gingival crevicular fluid of the test group were significantly lower than were those in the control group (p < 0.001), but there were no significant differences between test and control groups regarding serum cytokine levels. CONCLUSION: Although periodontal therapy during pregnancy successfully reduced periodontal inflammation and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels, it did not have a significant impact on serum biomarkers.
Assuntos
Citocinas/sangue , Líquido do Sulco Gengival/química , Doenças Periodontais/terapia , Período Pós-Parto/sangue , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Biomarcadores/análise , Biomarcadores/sangue , Citocinas/análise , Cálculos Dentários/terapia , Placa Dentária/terapia , Raspagem Dentária/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-10/análise , Interleucina-10/sangue , Interleucina-12/análise , Interleucina-12/sangue , Interleucina-1beta/análise , Interleucina-1beta/sangue , Interleucina-6/análise , Interleucina-6/sangue , Interleucina-8/análise , Interleucina-8/sangue , Higiene Bucal , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/terapia , Doenças Periodontais/complicações , Índice Periodontal , Bolsa Periodontal/terapia , Período Pós-Parto/metabolismo , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez , Segundo Trimestre da Gravidez/sangue , Segundo Trimestre da Gravidez/metabolismo , Nascimento Prematuro/sangue , Nascimento Prematuro/metabolismo , Aplainamento Radicular/métodos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/análise , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangue , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Achalasia surgical treatment alters the esophagogastric junction anatomy (cardiomyotomy plus fundoplication or esophagectomy and gastric pull-up), thus favoring a certain degree of gastroesophageal reflux. Gastric secretory and hormonal functioning is not completely known in chagasic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gastric secretory and hormonal response in patients with end-stage chagasic achalasia compared with normal subjects. Gastric secretion and hormonal response were assessed by estimation of gastric acid secretion (GAS) in basal condition and after pentagastrin stimulation, basal serum gastrin, and serum pepsinogen (SP) in basal condition and after betazole hydrochloride (Histalog; Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA) stimulation in 27 patients with chagasic achalasia. The results were then compared with those of 24 normal subjects. In the chagasic group, the mean basal and stimulated GAS were significantly lower than in the control group (basal: 1.277 vs. 3.13, P = 0.002; stimulated: 15.9 vs. 35.8, P = 0.0001). Chagasic patients' SG levels showed a significantly higher basal value than the control group (83.3 vs. 36.8, P = 0.0001). There was a significant increase of SP after stimulation compared with the basal levels in both chagasic and control groups. Although the chagasic patients' SP values were higher than the controls, this difference was not statistically significant, either in basal and stimulated conditions (basal: 122.0 vs. 108.9, stimulated 120 min: 177.1 vs. 158.9). In patients with chronic Chagas' disease (ChD), although autonomic denervation does not suppress the strength of the gastric mucosal cells' secretory response to stimulation, it reduces GAS (parietal cell) without, however, affecting SP production (chief cells). On the other hand, the gastrin-producing cells have continuously been stimulated by low GAS.
Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/fisiopatologia , Acalasia Esofágica/fisiopatologia , Ácido Gástrico/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Betazol/farmacologia , Doença Crônica , Acalasia Esofágica/parasitologia , Acalasia Esofágica/cirurgia , Feminino , Determinação da Acidez Gástrica , Agonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/farmacologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pepsinogênio A/sangue , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Transanal access is one of many currently used procedures for rectal cancer treatment. The techniques used for local excision include conventional transanal excision, posterior access, therapeutic colonoscopy and transanal endoscopic approaches. The aim of the present study was to present a new surgical proctoscope for the endoscopic transanal excision of rectal lesions. A cylindrical proctoscope with a diameter of 4 cm was devised and built. The end inserted into the anus has a bevelled aspect and rounded borders, allowing correct exposure of the anal lesion. The rectoscope is fixed to the anal border with surgical thread through perforations in the external end. A base screw holds a fibre-light which illuminates the operative field. Part of the equipment is a guide which is positioned inside the rectoscope on insertion into the anus. In operations utilizing this proctoscope, 17 adenomas, 25 adenocarcinomas, 1 carcinoid and 1 endometrioma were excised. The diameter of the lesions varied from 1 to 6 cm. The range of procedures that are possible with this new proctoscope are similar to those achieved with conventional techniques which, however, require more expensive equipment. Hence, the present study demonstrates that this newly devised low-cost proctoscope is an efficient tool for the transanal endoscopic excision of rectal lesions.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Adenoma/cirurgia , Proctoscópios , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Endoscopia Gastrointestinal/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento , HumanosRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of the exposure of Leporinus obtusidens (Piava) to zinc and copper on catalase activity in the liver, delta-aminolevulinate dehidratase (delta-ALA-D) activity in liver, muscle, brain and kidney, and thiobarbituric reactive species (TBARS) in brain, muscle and liver. In addition, hematological parameters were measured in blood. The fish were exposed to 10% and 20% of the derived LC(50) values, 2.3 and 4.6 mg Zn l(-1) and 0.02 and 0.04 mg Cu l(-1), and sampled on days 30 and 45. Exposure to Zn(II) and Cu(II) decreased hematological parameters and also delta-ALA-D activity mainly in liver and kidney at all concentrations tested. Liver catalase activity increased after zinc or copper exposure at all concentrations and exposure times tested. Thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) increased in the brain and liver of the fish exposed to zinc(II) for 45 days at both metal concentrations. In muscle, zinc(II) increased TBARS production at both exposure times and concentrations tested. Copper(II) exposure reduced the TBARS levels in liver at both concentrations and times tested. In brain, there was a decrease in TBARS levels only after 45 days of exposure. In muscle, this decrease was observed after 30 days of exposure at both concentrations. Although zinc and copper are required as microelements in the cells, our results showed that the sublethal concentrations of these metals can change biochemical parameters which may alter normal cellular function. These results pointed out the differential sensitivity of fish tissues to essential, but also toxic and environmentally relevant metals. The alterations of distinct biochemical parameters in fish tissues certainly contribute to the toxicity of Zn and Cu, and are of importance for an area that has been growing and has still been poorly explored in the literature.
Assuntos
Cobre/toxicidade , Peixes/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Zinco/toxicidade , Animais , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Catalase/metabolismo , Contagem de Eritrócitos , Feminino , Hematócrito , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Músculos/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculos/metabolismo , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismo , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of the glutamatergic system in the toxicity of organochalcogens, since this is an important neurotransmitter system for signal transduction and neural function. The results indicated that 100 microM diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)(2) and diphenyl ditelluride (PhTe)(2) inhibit by 50 and 70% (P<0.05), respectively, [(3)H]glutamate binding in vitro. Acute administration of 25 micromol/kg (PhSe)(2) or 3 micromol/kg (PhTe)(2) caused a significant reduction in [(3)H]glutamate (30%, P<0.05) or [(3)H]MK-801 binding (30%, P<0.05) to rat synaptic membranes. These results suggest that (PhSe)(2) and (PhTe)(2) affect, in a rather complex way, the glutamatergic system after acute in vivo exposure in rats. In vitro, total [(3)H]GMP-PNP binding was inhibited about 40% at 100 microM (PhSe)(2) and (PhTe)(2). Acute exposure in vivo to (PhSe)(2) decreased the stable [(3)H]GMP-PNP binding to 25% and (PhTe)(2) to 68% of the control value (P<0.05, for both compounds). Simultaneously, the unstable binding of [(3)H]GMP-PNP was decreased about 30 and 50% (P<0.05, for both compounds) after exposure to (PhSe)(2) and (PhTe)(2), respectively. GMP-PNP stimulated adenylate cyclase (AC) activity significantly in control animals. (PhSe)(2)- and (PhTe)(2)-treated animals increased the basal activity of this enzyme, but GMP-PNP stimulation was totally abolished. These results suggest that the toxic effects of organochalcogens could result from action at different levels of neural signal transduction pathways, possibly involving other neurotransmitters besides the glutamatergic system.
Assuntos
Derivados de Benzeno/toxicidade , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Glutâmico/metabolismo , Compostos Organometálicos/toxicidade , Compostos Organosselênicos/toxicidade , Terminações Pré-Sinápticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Membranas Sinápticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Transmissão Sináptica/efeitos dos fármacos , Telúrio/toxicidade , Animais , Ligação Competitiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Ligação Competitiva/fisiologia , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Ditiotreitol/farmacocinética , Maleato de Dizocilpina/farmacocinética , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Antagonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/farmacocinética , Ácido Glutâmico/farmacocinética , Guanilil Imidodifosfato/farmacocinética , Masculino , Neurotoxinas/farmacologia , Terminações Pré-Sinápticas/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Frações Subcelulares/efeitos dos fármacos , Frações Subcelulares/metabolismo , Membranas Sinápticas/metabolismo , Transmissão Sináptica/fisiologia , Trítio/farmacocinéticaRESUMO
Chronic and recurrent appendicitis are pathologic conditions that differ from acute appendicitis, the most common affection of the vermiform appendix. The purpose of the present study was to describe in detail the clinical features, diagnosis and pathology of those conditions.
A apendicite crônica e a apendicite recorrente são condições patológicas que diferem da apendicite aguda, a afecção mais comum do apêndice vermiforme. O propósito desse artigo é decifrar com critério os aspectos clínicos, o diagnóstico e a histopatologia da apendicite crônica e da apendicite recorrente. Os dados da literatura e as experiências clínica e cirúrgica dos autores, demonstradas por 10 pacientes com idade média entre 40 e 45 anos, com distribuição similar quanto ao sexo, sendo 6 pacientes com apendicite recorrente e 4 com apendicite crônica, permitem concluir que a apendicite crônica e a recorrente já não devem ser mais uma controvérsia ou dúvida, mas um fato inequívoco de importâncias clínica e acadêmica. Portanto, seus conceitos merecem difusão na literatura científica e nas escolas médicas.
RESUMO
The most used surgical technic for treatment of rectal prolapse is the rectal promontofixation by laparotomy. In the last years, the perineal rectossigmoidectomy has been widely performed again, as alternative for old pacients, particulary for these who have other severe diseases. We've studied 14 pacients operated on perineal rectosigmoidectomy (Altemeier procedure ), 13 women and only 01 man. There were 50% constipated ,also 14,2% had chronic diarrhoea and 64,2% were incontinent. The medium age was of 72,2 years, 64,2% had manual anastomosis and 35,8% mechanic and 42,9% had posterior anal repair (Parks) at the same surgical time. The pacients were hospitalized for 3,8 days (mean time), there were no imediate or recent complications and just 01 recurrence (7,1%). As wehad good results, low morbimortality and acceptable recurrence, we have performed that technique more usually, specially for old patients.
A técnica cirúrgica mais utilizada no tratamento do prolapso retal é a sacropromontofixação do reto por via abdominal, porém nos últimos anos a proctossigmoidectomia via perineal tem sido retomada como alternativa para pacientes idosos com comorbidades. Revisamos 14 casos operados pela proctossigmoidectomia via perineal (cirurgia de Altemeier), sendo 13 mulheres e 1 homem. Destes pacientes havia 50% de obstipados, 14,2% tinham diarréia crônica e 64,2% eram previamente incontinentes. Idade média de 72,2 anos, 64,2 % com anastomose manual e 35,8% mecânica, além de 42,9% com reparo anal posterior no mesmo tempo operatório. O tempo médio de internação foi de 3,8 dias, não houve complicações imediatas ou precoces e apenas ocorreu recidiva em 01 paciente, 7,1%. Pelos bons resultados, baixa morbi-mortalidade e recidiva aceitável e de acordo com a literatura nos encorajamos à utilização desta técnica para correção do prolapso retal .
RESUMO
The most used surgical technic for treatment of rectal prolapse is the rectal promontofixation by laparotomy. In the last years, the perineal rectossigmoidectomy has been widely performed again, as alternative for old pacients, particulary for these who have other severe diseases. We've studied 14 pacients operated on perineal rectosigmoidectomy (Altemeier procedure ), 13 women and only 01 man. There were 50% constipated ,also 14,2% had chronic diarrhoea and 64,2% were incontinent. The medium age was of 72,2 years, 64,2% had manual anastomosis and 35,8% mechanic and 42,9% had posterior anal repair (Parks) at the same surgical time. The pacients were hospitalized for 3,8 days (mean time), there were no imediate or recent complications and just 01 recurrence (7,1%). As wehad good results, low morbimortality and acceptable recurrence, we have performed that technique more usually, specially for old patients.
A técnica cirúrgica mais utilizada no tratamento do prolapso retal é a sacropromontofixação do reto por via abdominal, porém nos últimos anos a proctossigmoidectomia via perineal tem sido retomada como alternativa para pacientes idosos com comorbidades. Revisamos 14 casos operados pela proctossigmoidectomia via perineal (cirurgia de Altemeier), sendo 13 mulheres e 1 homem. Destes pacientes havia 50% de obstipados, 14,2% tinham diarréia crônica e 64,2% eram previamente incontinentes. Idade média de 72,2 anos, 64,2 % com anastomose manual e 35,8% mecânica, além de 42,9% com reparo anal posterior no mesmo tempo operatório. O tempo médio de internação foi de 3,8 dias, não houve complicações imediatas ou precoces e apenas ocorreu recidiva em 01 paciente, 7,1%. Pelos bons resultados, baixa morbi-mortalidade e recidiva aceitável e de acordo com a literatura nos encorajamos à utilização desta técnica para correção do prolapso retal .
RESUMO
Chronic and recurrent appendicitis are pathologic conditions that differ from acute appendicitis, the most common affection of the vermiform appendix. The purpose of the present study was to describe in detail the clinical features, diagnosis and pathology of those conditions.
A apendicite crônica e a apendicite recorrente são condições patológicas que diferem da apendicite aguda, a afecção mais comum do apêndice vermiforme. O propósito desse artigo é decifrar com critério os aspectos clínicos, o diagnóstico e a histopatologia da apendicite crônica e da apendicite recorrente. Os dados da literatura e as experiências clínica e cirúrgica dos autores, demonstradas por 10 pacientes com idade média entre 40 e 45 anos, com distribuição similar quanto ao sexo, sendo 6 pacientes com apendicite recorrente e 4 com apendicite crônica, permitem concluir que a apendicite crônica e a recorrente já não devem ser mais uma controvérsia ou dúvida, mas um fato inequívoco de importâncias clínica e acadêmica. Portanto, seus conceitos merecem difusão na literatura científica e nas escolas médicas.