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INTRODUCTION: Iliac crest autograft is frequently used to fill in bone defects after osteotomies. Nonetheless, surgery for bone autograft procurement is associated with morbidity and pain at the donor site. Alternatives to it have been explored, but there is no consensus to guide their application as a routine practice in several orthopedic procedures. Thus, this study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety between iliac crest autograft and allograft in medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-seven patients with a symptomatic unilateral genu varum and an indication for high tibial osteotomy were randomly assigned to receive either autograft or allograft to fill the osteotomy site. Operative time, bone healing, and complication rates (delayed union, nonunion, superficial and deep infection, loss of correction, and hardware failure) were recorded after a one-year follow-up. Data were expressed as Mean ± Standard Deviation and considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS: The time to radiologic union was similar between both groups (Allograft: 2.38 ± 0.97 months vs. Autograft: 2.45 ± 0.91 months; p = 0.79). Complication rates were also similar in both groups, with one infection in the allograft group and two in the autograft group, two delayed unions in the allograft group, and three in the autograft group. The operative time differed by 11 min between the groups, being lower in the allograft group (Allograft: 65.4 ± 15.1 min vs. Autograft: 76.3 ± 15.2 min; p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Iliac crest allografts can be safely and effectively used in medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy as it promotes the same rates of bone union as those achieved by autologous grafts, with the benefits of a shorter operative time. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: U1111-1280-0637 1 December 2022, retrospectively registered.
Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo , Ílio , Duração da Cirurgia , Osteotomia , Tíbia , Humanos , Ílio/transplante , Osteotomia/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Tíbia/cirurgia , Adulto , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aloenxertos , Autoenxertos , Transplante Autólogo/métodos , Genu Varum/cirurgia , Transplante Homólogo/métodos , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To define the anthropometric profile of the knee in a Brazilian population with gonarthrosis using intraoperative measurements; and to evaluate the compatibility of three implants available for total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: Morphometric data were collected prospectively from 117 subjects with gonarthrosis. Six dimensions in the distal femur and two in the proximal tibia were documented in 118 knees while performing total arthroplasty. These data were compared with the dimensions of three implants available for total knee arthroplasty. RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed that more than a quarter of the patients presented an unsatisfactory relationship between the knee and prosthesis. CONCLUSION: The implants evaluated need to be adjusted to better fit Brazilian patients.
OBJETIVO: Definir o perfil antropométrico do joelho em população brasileira portadora de gonartrose, com o uso da mensuração intraoperatória, e avaliar a compatibilidade de três implantes disponíveis para artroplastia total do joelho. MÉTODOS: Foram coletados, de forma prospectiva, os dados morfométricos de 117 pacientes portadores de gonartrose. Documentaram-se seis dimensões no fêmur distal e duas na tíbia proximal em 118 joelhos, durante a artroplastia total. Esses dados foram comparados com as dimensões dos três implantes disponíveis para artroplastia total do joelho. RESULTADOS: A análise estatística revelou que mais de um quarto dos pacientes apresentou relação inadequada entre os joelhos e as próteses. CONCLUSÃO: Os implantes avaliados necessitam de ajustes para melhor atender aos pacientes brasileiros.
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OBJECTIVE: To analyze and describe the distance from the popliteal artery to three specific areas of the proximal region of the tibia, with the knee extended, by means of magnetic resonance. METHODS: Images of 100 knees of patients who underwent magnetic resonance examinations were analyzed. The location of the popliteal artery was measured in three different areas of the posterior proximal region of the tibia. The first measurement was made at the level of the knee joint (tibial plateau). The second was 9 mm distally to the tibial plateau. The third was at the level of the anterior tuberosity of the tibia (ATT). RESULTS: The distances between the popliteal artery and the tibial plateau and ATT region were significantly greater in males than in females. The distances between the popliteal artery and the regions 9 mm distally to the tibial plateau and the ATT were significantly greater in the age group over 36 years than in the group ≤36 years. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the anatomical position of the popliteal artery, as demonstrated through magnetic resonance studies, is of great relevance in planning surgical procedures that involve the knee joint. In this manner, devastating iatrogenic injuries can be avoided, particularly in regions that are proximal to the tibial plateau and in young patients.
OBJETIVO: Analisar e descrever, com o joelho em extensão, a distância da artéria poplítea em três áreas específicas da região proximal da tíbia, por meio de ressonância magnética. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas as imagens de 100 joelhos de pacientes submetidos a exame por ressonância magnética. A localização da artéria poplítea foi medida em três áreas distintas da região proximal posterior da tíbia. A primeira medida foi feita no nível da articulação do joelho (platô tibial). A segunda, a 9 mm distal do platô tibial. A terceira, ao nível da tuberosidade anterior da tíbia (TAT). RESULTADOS: As distâncias entre a artéria poplítea e o platô tibial e a região da TAT foram significativamente maiores no sexo masculino do que no feminino. As distâncias entre a artéria poplítea e a região 9 mm distal do platô tibial e a TAT foram significativamente maiores na faixa acima de 36 anos do que na faixa ≤ 36 anos. CONCLUSÃO: O conhecimento da posição anatômica da artéria poplítea, demonstrada por estudos de RM, é de grande relevância no planejamento de procedimentos cirúrgicos que envolvam a articulação do joelho. Com isso, podem-se evitar lesões iatrogênicas devastadoras, principalmente em regiões proximais ao platô tibial e em pacientes jovens.
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Avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament in unusual locations are rare injuries. We report the first case in the literature of an avulsion fracture of the posterior cruciate ligament associated with distal injury to the patellar ligament. The aim of this study was to present a novel case, the therapy used and the clinical follow-up.
A fratura avulsão do ligamento cruzado posterior em localização não usual é uma lesão rara. Relatamos o primeiro caso da literatura de uma fratura avulsão do ligamento cruzado posterior associada a lesão distal do ligamento patelar. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar um caso inédito, a terapêutica adotada e o seguimento clínico.
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OBJECTIVE: to compare the laboratorial results of opening suction drainage 6 hours and 12 hours after total knee arthroplasty surgery. METHODS: prospective and randomized study in 88 patients undergoing with total knee arthroplasty in two groups: in one group the opening suction drainage was performed 6 hours (n = 45) after the surgery and in the other 12 hours (n = 43) after the surgery. RESULTS: the outcome was a significant fall in the three laboratorial variables (hemoglobin, red blood cells and hematocrit) between the pre and post-operative in the total sample and in the six and 12 hour opening suction drainage groups. In the group with opening suction drainage after 12 hours, the drainage volume was significantly lower than in the group with opening suction drainage after 6 hours (p = 0.0003). However, no significant difference was observed in the absolute delta of the laboratorial variables between the two groups. CONCLUASION: the opening suction drainage in six and 12 hours did not show significant difference from the laboratorial values although the volume of the blood drained was higher in the opening suction drainage in six hours.
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OBJECTIVE: Identify the etiology and incidence, as well to assess functional outcomes of patients, undergoing lower limb amputation after failure or complication of total knee arthroplasty. These patients were treated at the Center for Knee Surgery at the National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (INTO), during the period of January 2001 to December 2010. METHODS: The patients were interviewed and their charts were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate their functional outcome. RESULTS: The incidence of amputation due to failure or complication of total knee arthroplasty was 0.41% in 2409 cases. Recurrent deep infection was the cause of amputation in 81% of cases, being Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa the most frequent germs. Vascular complications and periprosthetic fracture associated to metaphyseal bone loss were also causes of amputation. In our study, 44% of amputees patients were using orthesis and 62.5% have had the ability to walk. CONCLUSION: Incidence of 0.41%, being the main cause recurrent infection. The functional outcome is limited, and the fitting achieved in 44% of patients and only 62.5% are ambulatory.
OBJETIVO: Identificar a etiologia e a incidência da amputação do membro inferior após falha ou complicação da artroplastia total de joelho e avaliar os resultados funcionais dos pacientes tratados pelo Centro de Cirurgia de Joelho do Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia (Into) entre janeiro de 2001 e dezembro de 2010. MÉTODOS: Os prontuários foram retrospectivamente analisados para coleta dos dados e entrevista para avaliação do resultado funcional. RESULTADOS: A incidência de amputação em decorrência de falha ou complicação após 2.409 artroplastias totais de joelho foi de 0.41%. Infecção profunda recorrente foi causa de amputação em 81% dos casos. Os germes mais frequentes foram Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Complicações vasculares e fratura periprotética associada a perda óssea metafisária representaram indicação em menor número de casos. Em nosso estudo, 44% dos pacientes amputados apresentamse protetizados e 62.5% apresentavam capacidade de deambulação. CONCLUSÕES: Incidência de 0.41% e principal causa infecção recorrente. O resultado funcional é limitado, a protetização foi alcançada em 44% dos pacientes e somente 62.5% são deambuladores.
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The authors report the rare occurrence of two cases of fracture of the tibial component in total knee arthroplasty. They review the literature and discuss the main factors that can cause failure of the implants.
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Debris of polyethylene tibial bearings have been recognized as a major cause for the onset of the cascade of biological events leading to osteolysis and loosening of prosthetic components after total knee arthroplasty. Since then, research has been focused on alternative bearing surfaces in order to minimize the amount and rate of polyethylene wear off and, in doing so, increasing the survivorship rate for knee arthroplasties. One such option is to have a mobile tibial bearing allowing more conformity and rotational self-alignment of the components, improving kinetics and kinematics of the prosthesis. The authors present a resumed but throughout and comprehensive review of the rationale, biomechanics fundamentals, indications, pitfalls, outcomes and complications for the use of mobile tibial bearings in total knee replacement.