RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: the aim of this study was to compare the results of open and videolaparoscopic transvesical prostatectomy techniques in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in a tertiary hospital. METHODS: we reviewed medical records of patients who underwent transvesical adenectomy due to BPH between March 2019 and March 2021 at the urology service of Hospital de Clínicas do Paraná (HCPR), 42 patients were included in the open transvesical prostatectomy group and 22 in the videolaparoscopic group. Then, a comparison was made between the techniques in terms of surgical time, bleeding, length of stay, need for intensive care, among others, in addition to postoperative outcome. RESULTS: the mean surgical time was shorter in the open technique compared to the laparoscopic technique (141 min vs 274 min). The videolaparoscopic group had a shorter mean hospital stay (3.5 days vs 6.36 days). There was no statistical significance in the comparison regarding the need for an intensive care unit, as well as in the assessment of postoperative bleeding. CONCLUSION: comparatively, the techniques demonstrated a similar outcome, with a low rate of complications and satisfactory results for the treatment of BPH. The laparoscopic technique is a surgery with a shorter hospital stay, but at the expense of a longer surgical time.
Assuntos
Laparoscopia , Hiperplasia Prostática , Masculino , Humanos , Hiperplasia Prostática/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Prostatectomia/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: the aim of this study was to compare the results of open and videolaparoscopic transvesical prostatectomy techniques in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in a tertiary hospital. Methods: we reviewed medical records of patients who underwent transvesical adenectomy due to BPH between March 2019 and March 2021 at the urology service of Hospital de Clínicas do Paraná (HCPR), 42 patients were included in the open transvesical prostatectomy group and 22 in the videolaparoscopic group. Then, a comparison was made between the techniques in terms of surgical time, bleeding, length of stay, need for intensive care, among others, in addition to postoperative outcome. Results: the mean surgical time was shorter in the open technique compared to the laparoscopic technique (141 min vs 274 min). The videolaparoscopic group had a shorter mean hospital stay (3.5 days vs 6.36 days). There was no statistical significance in the comparison regarding the need for an intensive care unit, as well as in the assessment of postoperative bleeding. Conclusion: comparatively, the techniques demonstrated a similar outcome, with a low rate of complications and satisfactory results for the treatment of BPH. The laparoscopic technique is a surgery with a shorter hospital stay, but at the expense of a longer surgical time.
RESUMO Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o resultado das técnicas de prostatectomia transvesical aberta e videolaparoscópica no tratamento de hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB) em um hospital terciário. Métodos: foram revisados prontuários de pacientes submetidos a adenectomia transvesical devido a HPB entre março de 2019 a março de 2021 no serviço de urologia do Hospital de Clínicas do Paraná (HCPR), sendo incluídos 42 pacientes no grupo prostatectomia transvesical aberta e 22 no grupo videolaparoscópico. Em seguida foi feita a comparação entre as técnicas nos quesitos tempo cirúrgico, sangramento, tempo de internamento, necessidade de terapia intensiva, entre outras, além de desfecho pós-operatório. Resultados: o tempo cirúrgico médio foi menor na técnica aberta em comparação com a técnica videolaparoscópica (141 min vs 274 min). O grupo videolaparoscópico apresentou um tempo médio de internamento menor (3,5 dias vs 6,36 dias). Não houve significância estatística na comparação quanto a necessidade de unidade de terapia intensiva, assim como na avaliação do sangramento pós-operatório. Conclusão: comparativamente, as técnicas demonstraram um desfecho semelhante, com baixa taxa de complicações e resultados satisfatórios para o tratamento da HPB. Sendo a técnica videolaparoscópica uma cirurgia com menor tempo de internamento, porém às custas de um maior tempo cirúrgico. .
RESUMO
La introducción de los cuidados paliativos en Brasil fue alrededor del año 2000 y tiene por objetivo apoyar al paciente y su familia durante el proceso de enfermedad y muerte. Este estudio consiste en una revisión integradora que pretende aprehender el desarrollo de la enseñanza de Cuidados Paliativos en las facultades de medicina del país. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron las bases de datos LiLACS y Scielo, resultando en la selección de 12 artículos. El análisis del contenido permitió la formulación de 2 categorías: centrarse en los cuidados paliativos en las escuelas de medicina brasileñas y las dificultades que conllevan los cuidados paliativos en Brasil. Como problema de salud pública, es necesario que el tema funcione de manera efectiva dentro de las escuelas de medicina. Tengo una importante falta de conocimiento conceptual por parte de los estudiantes y profesionales de la salud, lo que resulta en la falta de preparación para enfrentar situaciones de incurabilidad y final de la vida.
Assuntos
Cuidados Paliativos , Pacientes , Ensino , Família , Empatia , Pais , Faculdades de Medicina , VidaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate renal histological changes by stereology and morphometry and analyze the main markers of oxidative stress in rats undergoing natural aging. METHODS: Seventy two Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 12 rats each, which were euthanized at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. Right kidney was stereologically and morphometrically analyzed to calculate the volumetric density (Vv[glom]), numerical density (Nv[glom]) and glomerular volume (Vol[glom]). Left kidney was used to determine the levels of nonprotein thiols, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, as well as the activities of superoxide-dismutase and catalase enzymes. RESULTS: Both Vv[glom] and Nv[glom] values showed gradual decreases between groups. Activity of superoxide-dismutase was elevated at 24 months of age, and the levels of nonprotein thiols were higher in older animals. Greater catalase activity and protein carbonylation were observed in animals between 6 and 12 months of age but lessened in older rats. Lipid peroxidation decreased in the older groups. CONCLUSIONS: Morphometric and stereological analyses revealed a gradual decrease in the volume and density of renal glomeruli during aging, as well as kidney atrophy. These findings related to oxidative stress clarify many changes occurring in kidney tissues during senescence in rats.
Assuntos
Nefropatias , Rim , Envelhecimento , Animais , Catalase/metabolismo , Rim/metabolismo , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Estresse Oxidativo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
Este estudo pretende identificar os principais desafios para a manutenção do ensino na área da saúde no período pandêmico por COVID-19. Para tal, utilizou-se da metodologia da revisão integrativa, com busca de artigos realizada nas plataformas PubMed Central e Google Scholar, utilizando os descritores Educação em Saúde, Infecções por Coronavírus. Foram selecionados 12 artigos, cuja análise permitiu identificar seis principais desafios: avaliação da manutenção dos estágios práticos; minimização dos danos sobre a carreira profissional dos estudantes; barreira do acesso às tecnologias; estabelecimento de um espaço colaborativo virtual; necessidade de ambientes familiares favoráveis; preocupação com a saúde mental dos envolvidos. A partir deste estudo, entende-se que este pode ser um momento de oportunidade para repensar as práticas e estratégias utilizadas no âmbito da educação e formação dos profissionais da área da saúde, principalmente pelo potencial impacto econômico e social de uma pandemia.
This study aims to identify the main challenges for the maintenance of teaching in the Health Area during the COVID-19 pandemic period. An integrative review methodology was used, with search for articles carried out on the PubMed Central and Google Scholar platforms, using the descriptors Health Education, Coro-navirus infections. Twelve articles were selected, whose analysis allowed the identi-fication of six main challenges: assessment of the maintenance of practical intern-ships; minimization of damage to the students' professional careers; access barriers to technologies; establishment of a virtual collaborative space; need for favorable family environments; concern for the mental health of those involved. This study leads to the conclusion that this may be an opportunity to rethink practices and strategies used in the scope of education and training of health professionals, es-pecially due to the potential economic and social impact of a pandemic.
Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar los principales desafíos para el mante-nimiento de la enseñanza en el área de la salud en período pandémico por COVID-19. Para este fin, se utilizó la metodología de revisión integradora, con búsqueda de artículos realizados en las plataformas PubMed Central y Google Scholar, utilizando descriptores Educación en Salud, Infecciones por Coronavirus. Se seleccionaron doce artículos, con identificación de seis desafíos principales: evaluación del mantenimiento de prácticas; minimizando daño a carreras profesionales de los estudiantes; barrera de acceso a las tecnologías; establecimiento de un espacio virtual de colaboración; necesidad de ambientes familiares favorables; preocupa-ción por la salud mental de los involucrados. Se entiende que esta puede ser una oportunidad para repensar prácticas y estrategias utilizadas en el campo de edu-cación y formación de profesionales de salud, principalmente debido al potencial impacto económico y social de una pandemia.
Assuntos
Humanos , Educação em Saúde , Infecções por Coronavirus , Pandemias , COVID-19RESUMO
Este estudo pretende, através de revisão integrativa, analisar a aplicabilidade de metodologias em um contexto de educação à distância. Para tal, a busca de artigos foi realizada na plataforma de pesquisa Google Scholar, utilizando os descritores Educação a Distância, Aprendizado Ativo e Ensino da Saúde. Foram selecionados ao final 12 artigos, cuja análise permitiu a identificação de três categorias que abordam a evolução histórica das metodologias de ensino, ferramentas e sua aplicabilidade ao contexto atual brasileiro e principais dificuldades. O estudo da literatura confirma o protagonismo crescente da inserção dos recursos tecnológicos na educação em saúde e permitiu que fossem identificados os recursos com maior praticidade e viabilidade de aplicação no panorama atual do Brasil. Dentre as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDICs) que permitem a utilização de metodologias como forma de ensino, destacam-se a utilização de narrativas digitais no processo de aprendizado e plataformas virtuais de aprendizagem.
This study aims to analyze, through an integrative review, the applicability of methodologies in a context of distance education. The search for articles was carried out on the Google Scholar research platform, using the descriptors Distance Education, Problem-Based Learning, and Health Education. At the end, 12 articles were selected, whose analysis allowed the identification of three categories that address the historical evolution of teaching methodologies, tools, and their applicability to the current Brazilian context, and main difficulties. The study of the literature confirmed the increasingly important role of the insertion of technological resources in health education, and allowed the identification of resources having greater practicality and feasibility of application in the current setting in Brazil. Among the Digital Technologies of Information and Communication allowing the use of methodologies as a way of teaching, the use of digital narratives in the learning process and virtual learning platforms stands out.
Este estudio tiene como objetivo, a través de una revisión integradora, analizar la aplicabilidad de las metodologías en un contexto de educación a distancia. La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en la plataforma Google Scholar, utilizando los descriptores Educación a distancia, Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas y Educación en Salud. Se seleccionaron 12 artículos, cuyo análisis permitió identificar tres categorías: evolución histórica de metodologías de enseñanza, herramientas y su aplicabilidad al contexto brasileño actual y las principales dificultades. El estudio confirma el papel creciente de la inserción de recursos tecnológicos en la educación en salud y permitió la identificación de recursos con mayor practicidad y factibilidad de aplicación en el panorama actual de Brasil. Entre las Tecnologías Digitales de Información y Comunicación (TDIC) que permiten el uso de metodologías como forma de enseñanza, destaca el uso de narrativas digitales en el proceso de aprendizaje y las plataformas virtuales de aprendizaje.
Assuntos
Humanos , Educação em Saúde , Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas , Educação a DistânciaRESUMO
Purpose To evaluate renal histological changes by stereology and morphometry and analyze the main markers of oxidative stress in rats undergoing natural aging. Methods Seventy two Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 12 rats each, which were euthanized at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. Right kidney was stereologically and morphometrically analyzed to calculate the volumetric density (Vv[glom]), numerical density (Nv[glom]) and glomerular volume (Vol[glom]). Left kidney was used to determine the levels of nonprotein thiols, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, as well as the activities of superoxide-dismutase and catalase enzymes. Results Both Vv[glom] and Nv[glom] values showed gradual decreases between groups. Activity of superoxide-dismutase was elevated at 24 months of age, and the levels of nonprotein thiols were higher in older animals. Greater catalase activity and protein carbonylation were observed in animals between 6 and 12 months of age but lessened in older rats. Lipid peroxidation decreased in the older groups. Conclusions Morphometric and stereological analyses revealed a gradual decrease in the volume and density of renal glomeruli during aging, as well as kidney atrophy. These findings related to oxidative stress clarify many changes occurring in kidney tissues during senescence in rats.
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Envelhecimento , Estresse Oxidativo , Nefropatias/veterináriaRESUMO
Purpose To evaluate renal histological changes by stereology and morphometry and analyze the main markers of oxidative stress in rats undergoing natural aging. Methods Seventy two Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 12 rats each, which were euthanized at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. Right kidney was stereologically and morphometrically analyzed to calculate the volumetric density (Vv[glom]), numerical density (Nv[glom]) and glomerular volume (Vol[glom]). Left kidney was used to determine the levels of nonprotein thiols, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, as well as the activities of superoxide-dismutase and catalase enzymes. Results Both Vv[glom] and Nv[glom] values showed gradual decreases between groups. Activity of superoxide-dismutase was elevated at 24 months of age, and the levels of nonprotein thiols were higher in older animals. Greater catalase activity and protein carbonylation were observed in animals between 6 and 12 months of age but lessened in older rats. Lipid peroxidation decreased in the older groups. Conclusions Morphometric and stereological analyses revealed a gradual decrease in the volume and density of renal glomeruli during aging, as well as kidney atrophy. These findings related to oxidative stress clarify many changes occurring in kidney tissues during senescence in rats.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Estresse Oxidativo , Nefropatias/veterinária , EnvelhecimentoRESUMO
Abstract Purpose To evaluate renal histological changes by stereology and morphometry and analyze the main markers of oxidative stress in rats undergoing natural aging. Methods Seventy two Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 12 rats each, which were euthanized at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. Right kidney was stereologically and morphometrically analyzed to calculate the volumetric density (Vv[glom]), numerical density (Nv[glom]) and glomerular volume (Vol[glom]). Left kidney was used to determine the levels of nonprotein thiols, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation, as well as the activities of superoxide-dismutase and catalase enzymes. Results Both Vv[glom] and Nv[glom] values showed gradual decreases between groups. Activity of superoxide-dismutase was elevated at 24 months of age, and the levels of nonprotein thiols were higher in older animals. Greater catalase activity and protein carbonylation were observed in animals between 6 and 12 months of age but lessened in older rats. Lipid peroxidation decreased in the older groups. Conclusions Morphometric and stereological analyses revealed a gradual decrease in the volume and density of renal glomeruli during aging, as well as kidney atrophy. These findings related to oxidative stress clarify many changes occurring in kidney tissues during senescence in rats.