RESUMO
Resumen Introducción: La mayor utilidad de las troponinas de alta sensibilidad (Tn-hs) es descartar tempranamente el infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM). El algoritmo recomendado por la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) del Ministerio de Salud de Colombia para descartar el IAM es respaldado por evidencia de baja calidad y no ha sido validado en población colombiana. Objetivo: evaluar la capacidad de este algoritmo empleando troponina I de alta sensibilidad (TnI-hs) para descartar el IAM sin elevación del segmento ST (IAMSEST). Métodos: se analizaron pacientes con sospecha de síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) atendidos en un servicio de urgencias de un centro de alta complejidad. El desenlace primario fue el diagnóstico de IAMSEST tipo 1 y tipo 4b. Se determinaron las características operativas para los puntos de corte del algoritmo para el desenlace primario, reingreso hospitalario y muerte a 30 días. Resultados: se incluyeron 2.282 pacientes en los que el desenlace primario ocurrió en 389. El algoritmo de la GPC colombiana tuvo S del 90,9% (IC 95%: 74-100) y VPN del 99% (IC 95%: 99-100) utilizando el percentil 99 (p99) no discriminado por sexo, pero tanto la S como el VPN mejoraron al 100% cuando se utilizó el p99 por sexo. Conclusión: el algoritmo recomendado por la GPC colombiana utilizando TnI-hs y con el p99 ajustado por sexo tiene excelente capacidad para descartar de manera temprana y segura el diagnóstico de IAMSEST.
Abstract Introduction: The greatest utility of high-sensitivity troponins (Tn-hs) is to rule out acute myocardial infarction (AMI) early. The algorithm recommended by the Colombian practice guideline clinical (CPG) of Healths Ministry to rule out AMI is supported by low-quality evidence and has not been validated in the Colombian population. This research aims to evaluate the ability of this algorithm using high sensitivity troponin I (TnI-hs) to rule out AMI without ST segment elevation (STEMI). Methods: Patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated in an emergency department of a highly complex center were analyzed. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of STEMI type 1 and type 4b. The operativing characteristics for the algorithm cut-off points were determined for the primary outcome, hospital readmission death at and 30 days. Results: 2282 patients were included in whom the primary outcome occurred in 389. The Colombian CPG algorithm had S of 90.9% (95% CI 74-100) and NPV of 99% (95% CI 99-100) using the 99th percentile (p99) not discriminated by sex, but both S and NPV improved 100% when p99 was used by sex. Conclusion: The algorithm recommended by the Colombian CPG using TnI-hs and with the p99 adjusted for sex has an excellent capacity to rule out early and safely the diagnosis of STEMI.
RESUMO
OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la clasificación hemodinámica de la hipertensión pulmonar en una serie de pacientes llevados a cateterismo cardíaco derecho. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y se revisaron los registros de los cateterismos cardíacos derechos practicados en personas mayores de 18 años entre enero de 2017 y diciembre del 2018. Se excluyó a aquéllos con datos incompletos o no concluyentes y se definieron los perfiles hemodinámicos de acuerdo con el resultado de la presión en cuña y la resistencia vascular pulmonar. RESULTADOS: Se incluyó a 92 sujetos de los cuales se descartó hipertensión pulmonar en 4. El 26.1% se clasificó como precapilar, 31.8% como poscapilar y 42% como combinada. No hubo diferencias entre los tres grupos en edad y sexo; las presiones pulmonares fueron más elevadas en el grupo de hipertensión pulmonar precapilar. Se encontró presión en cuña elevada en el 73.8% de los pacientes y el cateterismo derecho reclasificó al 35% de los pacientes en un grupo hemodinámico diferente al esperado. En la mayor parte de estos casos se sospechaba HP precapilar por el diagnóstico anterior al procedimiento, pero los perfiles hemodinámicos encontrados correspondieron a hipertensión poscapilar o combinada. CONCLUSIÓN: El cateterismo cardíaco derecho es necesario para la clasificación hemodinámica de la hipertensión pulmonar, que es importante no sólo para el diagnóstico sino para evaluar la causa de la enfermedad. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the hemodynamic classification of pulmonary hypertension in a series of patients undergoing to right cardiac catheterization. METHODS: This is a retrospective study, we analyze the records of all right heart catheterizations performed between January 2017 and December 2018, all patient older than 18 years were included and those with incomplete or inconclusive data were excluded. We identify three hemodynamic profiles according to the result of right heart catheterization. RESULTS: 92 subjects were included and pulmonary hypertension was ruled out in 4 of them; 26.1% were classified as precapillary, 31.8% postcapillary and 42% as combined pulmonary hypertesion. There were no differences between the 3 groups in age or sex, pulmonary pressures were higher in the precapillary pulmonary hypertension group, right catheterization reclassified 35% of the patients in a hemodynamic group in a different from that expected. Precapillary PH was suspected in most of these cases, but the hemodynamic profiles found in cardiac catheterization corresponded to post-capillary or combined pulmonay hypertension. CONCLUSION: Right heart catheterization is necessary for the hemodynamic classification of pulmonary hypertension, which is important not only for diagnosis but also for evaluating the etiology of the disease.
Assuntos
Hemodinâmica , Hipertensão , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Colômbia , Humanos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Peritonitis has been the most common complication of continues ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) since it was first implemented, and it remains the leading cause of treatment failure and transfer to other renal replacement therapies. This study presents a Colombian series with a total of 2,469 episodes of peritonitis in 914 patients from a cohort of 1,497 patients on PD, who were followed for almost three decades at a single center. This is the largest Latin American series of patients with PD-related peritonitis. OBJECTIVE: To describe the CAPD-related peritonitis in a cohort of patients followed for 27 years at a single center, and compare the results with those observed elsewhere in the world. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study of incident patients on CAPD from March 1981 to December 2008. RESULTS: In our center, the rate of peritonitis has been steady between 0.8 and 0.9 since 1981 and no significant changes have been noticed in the 27 years of follow up. The rate remains similar to that described nowadays by other large dialysis centers in the world, which have reported significant improvements in recent decades. No significant differences were found in the isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms or fungi with respect to those reported by other large series, or in the frequency of culture-negative peritonitis. CONCLUSION: This study presents the largest Latin American series of patients with CAPD-related peritonitis with a total of 2,469 patients. In this study, the rate of CAPD-related peritonitis remained almost the same during the three decades of observation despite having used three different CAPD systems. Our hypothesis is that the socio-economic conditions of the patients admitted for peritoneal dialysis influences the rate of peritonitis.