RESUMO

Probiotic bacteria are widely used to prepare pharmaceutical products and functional foods because they promote and sustain health. Nonetheless, probiotic viability is prone to decrease under gastrointestinal conditions. In this investigation, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum spp. CM-CNRG TB98 was entrapped in a gelatin−poly (vinyl alcohol) (Gel−PVA) hydrogel which was prepared by a "green" route using microbial transglutaminase (mTGase), which acts as a crosslinking agent. The hydrogel was fully characterized and its ability to entrap and protect L. plantarum from the lyophilization process and under simulated gastric and intestine conditions was explored. The Gel−PVA hydrogel showed a high probiotic loading efficiency (>90%) and survivability from the lyophilization process (91%) of the total bacteria entrapped. Under gastric conditions, no disintegration of the hydrogel was observed, keeping L. plantarum protected with a survival rate of >94%. While in the intestinal fluid the hydrogel is completely dissolved, helping to release probiotics. A Gel−PVA hydrogel is suitable for a probiotic oral administration system due to its physicochemical properties, lack of cytotoxicity, and the protection it offers L. plantarum under gastric conditions.

RESUMO

Introducción: La fundación del Centro de Histoterapia Placentaria, el 25 de abril de 1986, como resultado de la repercusión internacional por el nuevo método cubano del tratamiento del vitiligo con un medicamento obtenido de la placenta humana, descubierto por el doctor Carlos Manuel Miyares Cao, favoreció el desarrollo de las Ciencias Médicas en Cuba. Institución de prestigio, que arribó este 2021 a su Aniversario 35, y que ha obtenido un gran impacto en la salud y calidad de vida de personas con enfermedades dermatológicas como vitiligo, psoriasis y alopecia. Objetivo: Conocedores de la importancia de salvaguardar los hitos históricos como elementos imprescindibles en la trayectoria científico-social de una institución, nos propusimos exponer los componentes fundamentales que conforman este Centro de Histoterapia Placentaria e incentivar a las nuevas generaciones para continuar la labor investigativa que realiza este y la necesidad de preservar su historia. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una investigación histórico-bibliográfica de los documentos compilados que se conservan en la Biblioteca del Centro para poder fundamentar este artículo. Desarrollo: Se incluyen los aspectos esenciales que avalan la historia del Centro y la imbricación científico-social-humana en este del Dr. Carlos Manuel Miyares Cao. Conclusiones: Históricamente ofrecer toda la trayectoria de este Centro de Histoterapia Placentaria y su significación e importancia para la Ciencia Cubana, así como transmitir a especialistas, médicos y, en general, trabajadores de la salud, su destacada labor en la recuperación de graves enfermedades que aquejan a la población mundial(AU)

Introduction: As a result of the international repercussion of a new Cuban method for treating vitiligo with a drug obtained from human placenta, discovered by Dr. Carlos Manuel Miyares Cao, the Placental Histotherapy Center was founded on April 25, 1986 to support the development of Medical Sciences in Cuba. This prestigious institution, which arrived to its 35th Anniversary this year, has made a significant impact on the health and quality of life of people with dermatological diseases such as vitiligo, psoriasis and alopecia. Objective: Knowing the importance of safeguarding historical milestones as essential elements in the scientific and social trajectory of an institution, we intend to present the fundamental components that make up the Placental Histotherapy Center as well as to encourage new generations to continue the research work carried out in this center and the need to preserve its history. Material and Methods: A historical and bibliographical investigation of the documents preserved in the Library of the Center was carried out to base this article. Development: The essential aspects that support the history of the Center as well as the scientific, social and human involvement of Dr. Carlos Manuel Miyares Cao in this process are included. Conclusions: Our objective is to offer the entire trajectory of the Placental Histotherapy Center and its significance and importance for Cuban Science from a historical perspective as well as to inform specialists, doctors, and health workers in general about its outstanding work related to the recovery from serious diseases that afflict the world's population(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

José Martí sentenció: "Saberse sacrificar es el precio del éxito durable en todo", y con grandes sacrificios y éxitos en su vida laboral se resume la obra del Dr. Carlos Manuel Miyares Cao, un médico excepcional que supo vincular sus responsabilidades administrativas con la investigación y desarrollo, y la asistencia médica. Incansable luchador por los avances de la Medicina, gestor de la Escuela Cubana de Farmacología, representa un gran ejemplo para los médicos cubanos y de Latinoamérica. Durante su vida estudiantil, colaboró de forma destacada en las actividades que se desarrollaban en la época, siendo fundador de las milicias revolucionarias. Miyares Cao fue uno de los estudiantes de Medicina, fundador integrante de la Milicia Universitaria José Antonio Echeverría, quien con la simbólica camisa rojo vino, pantalón gris y boina negra, desfilaría el 27 de noviembre de 1959 desde la Universidad hasta la explanada de La Punta para rendir tributo a los 8 estudiantes de Medicina, y al decir de él, uno de sus más fraternales compañeros de estudios: ;lo recuerdo muy claro, alto, que por su estatura iba entre las filas finales, con su rifle y marchando con marcada disciplina, tal cual fue en su vida", con sus palabras reflejó los preceptos conceptuales que connotaron su existencia". El Dr. Miyares fue nombrado entre los primeros Instructores no graduados en la cátedra de Farmacología de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de La Habana, tras la renuncia de los profesores universitarios. Asimismo, fundador de la AJR (Asociación Jóvenes Rebeldes) y Unión de Jóvenes Comunistas (UJC universitaria). Tuvo el privilegio de ser de los primeros egresados de la Revolución y su graduación, presidida, en el oriental Pico Turquino, por Fidel Castro, en 1965(AU)

José Martí said: "Knowing how to sacrifice is the price of lasting success for everything". The working life of Dr. Carlos Manuel Miyares Cao is summed up in great sacrifice and success. He was an outstanding doctor who knew how to link his administrative responsibilities to research and development and medical care. As a tireless fighter for the advances of medicine, he was the founder of the Cuban School of Pharmacology and a notable example for Cuban and Latin American doctors. During his student life, he collaborated with important activities that took place at his time, being founder of the revolutionary militias. During his medical studies, he was a founder member of the University Militias "José Antonio Echeverría". Wearing the symbolic red wine shirt, gray pants and black beret, he paraded on November 27, 1959 from the university to the Punta esplanade to pay tribute to the 8 medical students. One of his most fraternal fellow students says, "... I remember him very clearly; he was tall and because of his height he was among the ranks of the final lines; with his rifle he used to march with the discipline that characterized him during all his life." With his words, he illustrated the principles and convictions that marked his existence. After the resignation of university professors, Dr. Miyares was appointed among the first undergraduate Pharmacy instructors at the Department of Pharmacology of the School of Medicine of the University of Havana. He was also the founder of the AJR (Association of Young Rebels) and the UJC (Union of Young Communists) in the university. He had the privilege to be one of the first graduates after de triumph of the Revolution. His graduation, which was held at Pico Turquino in eastern Cuba, was presided by Fidel Castro in 1965(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A 67-year-old man was sent to our center because of progressively worsening chest pain. A giant ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm was documented. We performed a successfully rescue snorkel technique for thoracic endovascular aortic repair failure because of type IA endoleak after the first endoprosthesis implantation. The patient was discharged after 6 weeks. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).

RESUMO

La diversidad de dispositivos conectados a Internet ha conllevado en la actualidad a un cambio en la concepción del diseño Web. La navegación, utilizando dispositivos de diferentes resoluciones y tamaños de pantalla, ha modificado de manera radical la experiencia del usuario. El sitio Web del Centro de Histoterapia Placentaria de Cuba creado en el año 2000 y modificado en varias ocasiones, según las tendencias del diseño no está ajeno a esta realidad. El objetivo general de este trabajo es crear e implementar un nuevo diseño del sitio, aplicando la filosofía de Responsive Web Design. Su empleo garantiza la visibilidad del sitio en cualquier dispositivo; ya sea, Smartphone, tableta, computadoras o smart TV. El diseño estuvo basado en el patrón Modelo-Vista-Controlador; en la Vista se concibieron dos interfaces, una para el usuario y otra para el administrador del sitio. El nuevo diseño soluciona el problema de la visibilidad en la gama de dispositivos móviles, permite un mejor posicionamiento del sitio en los buscadores y crea las bases para incorporar nuevos servicios como el Comercio Electrónico(AU)

The diversity of devices connected to the Internet has changed the conception of Web design. The navigation, using devices of different resolutions and screen sizes has radically modified the user experience. The Website of the Placental Histotherapy Center of Cuba, created in 2000 and modified several times according to design trends, is not far of this reality. The general objective of this work is to create and implement a new site design, applying the philosophy of Responsive Web Design, which allows the visibility from devices, such as: Smartphone, Tablet, computers or smart TV. The design was based on the Model-View-Controller pattern; In Vista, two interfaces were conceived, one for the user and another for the site administrator. The new design solves the problem of visibility in the range of mobile devices, allows a better positioning of the site in the search enginesand creates the bases to incorporate new services such as Electronic Commerce(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Los dominios del conocimiento están estrechamente relacionados con las comunidades que se integran para su configuración y desarrollo. La bibliometría constituye una de las formas más objetivas para el análisis y caracterización de estas comunidades. El presente estudio caracterizó, a través de la perspectiva bibliométrica, el comportamiento de la comunidad científica especializada en alopecia areata durante el período 2001-2014. Se utilizó el Web of Science como fuente de información. Se empleó una batería de indicadores bibliométricos para determinar la productividad, influencia y rendimiento de los autores, así como para caracterizar sus investigaciones más relevantes. Se determinó la productividad anual, que evidenció durante el período un crecimiento exponencial de la producción científica sobre Alopecia Areata. Se identificaron las 15 revistas más productivas, que generaron alrededor del 50 % del volumen total de artículos. Se identificó el núcleo de autores más visibles del dominio. Se demostró la utilidad del índice H no solo como indicador para determinar el rendimiento científico, sino también como medida para la identificación del liderazgo en dominios del conocimiento científico, especialmente en el campo de las Ciencias Médicas.

Knowledge domains are strongly related to the communities integrated for their configuration and development. Bibliometrics is one of the more objective ways to the analysis and characterization of these communities. The current study characterized the behavior of the scientific community specialized on alopecia areata during the period 2001-2014, through a bibliometric perspective. The Web of Science was used as information source. A battery of bibliometric indicators was used to determine productivity, influence and performance of authors, as well as to characterize their most relevant researches. Annual productivity was determined. An exponential growth of the scientific output on alopecia areata was observed. The fifteen most productive journals were identified, which produced around 50 % of the total amount of articles. The most visible author´s core was identified. The value of H index was demonstrated, not only as indicator to determine scientific performance, but also as a measure to identify leadership in scientific knowledge domains, especially in the field of Medical Sciences.

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Given the lack of a sufficient number of livers available for transplantation, living liver donation (LLD) is being developed in the Spanish-speaking world. To do this, it is essential that health workers in hospitals are in favor of such donation, given that they are a key component in this treatment and that their attitudes influence public opinion. OBJECTIVE: To analyze attitude toward LLD among hospital personnel from healthcare centers in Spain and Latin America. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Ten hospitals were selected from the «International Donor Collaborative Project¼: 3 from Spain, 5 from Mexico and 2 from Cuba. Random sampling stratified by type of service and job category was used. Attitudes to LLD were evaluated through a validated questionnaire on psychosocial aspects. The questionnaire was anonymous and self-administered. Statistical tests consisted of Student's T test, the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 2,618 employees surveyed, 85% (n=2,231) were in favor of related LLD; of these, 31% (n=804) were in favor of unrelated LLD. No association was found between the country of the interviewed, personal-social variables or work-related variables. The following factors were associated with a favorable attitude toward related LLD donation: having had personal experience of donation and transplantation (P<.001); being in favor of deceased donation (P<.001); believing that one might need a possible transplant (P<.001); being in favor of living kidney donation (P<.001); being willing to accept a liver from a living donor (P<.001); having discussed the matter of donation and transplantation within the family (P<.001) and with one's partner (P<.001); carrying out pro-social type activities (P<.001); being Catholic (P=.040); believing that one's religion is in favor of donation and transplantation (P<.001); and not being concerned about the possible mutilation of the body after donation (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Hospital personnel from Spain and Latin America had a favorable attitude toward LLD, which was associated with factors directly and indirectly related to donation and transplantation, family and religious factors, and attitudes toward the body.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Cocaine represents a serious problem to society. Smoked cocaine is very addictive and it is frequently associated with violence and health issues. Knowledge of the purity and adulterants present in seized cocaine, as well as variations in drug characteristics are useful to identify drug source and estimate health impact. No data are available regarding smoked cocaine composition in most countries, and the smoked form is increasing in the Brazilian market. The purpose of the present study is to contribute to the current knowledge on the status of crack cocaine seized samples on the illicit market by the police of São Paulo. Thus, 404 samples obtained from street seizures conducted by the police were examined. The specimens were macroscopically characterized by color, form, odor, purity, and adulterant type, as well as smoke composition. Samples were screened for cocaine using modified Scott test and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) technique. Analyses of purity and adulterants were performed with gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Additionally, smoke composition was analyzed by GC-mass spectrometry (MS), after samples burning. Samples showed different colors and forms, the majority of which is yellow (74.0%) or white (20.0%). Samples free of adulterants represented 76.3% of the total. Mean purity of the analyzed drug was 71.3%. Crack cocaine presented no correlations between macroscopic characteristics and purity. Smoke analysis showed compounds found also in the degradation of diesel and gasoline. Therefore, the drug marketed as crack cocaine in São Paulo has similar characteristics to coca paste. High purity can represent a greater risk of dependency and smoke compounds are possibly worsening drug health impact.

Assuntos

RESUMO

En los últimos años se observa un alza de la incidencia de casos clínicos por picadura de pez león, que en su mayoría evolucionan sin complicaciones. Se presenta a un paciente de 74 años de edad, pescador, que fue picado en alta mar por un pez león (Pterois volitans) en el miembro inferior izquierdo. A partir de ese momento comenzó con dolor intenso en la zona de la lesión y fiebre. Luego de casi 18 horas de exposición al tóxico, fue llevado al Hospital de Caibarién, desde donde se solicitó información toxicológica y conducta a seguir al Centro de Toxicología de Villa Clara. Después de orientar las medidas a tomar, el paciente fue trasladado para el Hospital Provincial en Santa Clara. Luego de tratamiento quirúrgico y de terapia con antibióticos, el paciente comenzó a evolucionar de forma satisfactoria sin presentar más complicaciones hasta su egreso. Existe cierto desconocimiento por parte del personal de salud en cuanto a la conducta a seguir ante un paciente inoculado por esta especie, motivo por el cual se presenta el caso. Mediante la descripción de la evolución de este paciente, el artículo se propone divulgar el potencial toxicológico que representa el pez león.

In recent years there has been an increase in the incidence of clinical cases due to lionfish sting, most of them recover without complications. The case of 74 year-old fisherman who was stung on the high seas by a lionfish (Pterois volitans) in the left lower limb is presented. From that moment on he began suffering a severe pain in the wound site and fever. Nearly 18 hours following exposure to the poison, he was taken to the Hospital of Caibarién, where toxicological information and procedures to follow were asked to the Toxicology Center of Villa Clara. After instruction of actions to take, the patient was transferred to the Provincial Hospital in Santa Clara. Surgical treatment and antibiotic therapy led to the patient’s uneventful recovery until his discharge. There is some lack of knowledge among health personnel regarding the steps to be followed with a patient inoculated by this species, which is why this case is presented, since patient outcomes will largely depend on how fast they act.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Living kidney donation (LKD) is becoming increasingly necessary as a treatment option for reducing the deficit in transplant organs. Hospital personnel in services related to donation and transplantation play a key role in promoting this kind of donation. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the attitude toward LKD among hospital workers in services related to donation and transplantation in Spain and Latin America. METHODS: Eight hospitals in the "International Collaborative Donor Project" were selected (Spain-Mexico-Cuba). A random sample was taken which was stratified according to the type of service and job category, in transplant-related services. RESULTS: Of the 878 respondents, 90% were in favor of related LKD, and 28% were in favor if the LKD was not related. Attitude was more favorable among Latin Americans workers compared to the Spanish (p=0.014). Other factors associated to attitude included: age (p=0.004); an attitude in favor of deceased donation and living liver donation (p<0.001); and acceptance of a kidney from a donor (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The attitude toward related LKD was very favorable among hospital personnel in units related to the donation and transplantation process in Spain and Latin America, which means that they could contribute to its promotion particularly at the current time when living kidney donation needs to be expanded.

Assuntos

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Hospital personnel are a group which has an influence on the opinion of the rest of the population about healthcare matters. Any unfavorable attitude of this group would be an obstacle to an increase in organ donation. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the attitude of hospital workers toward the donation of one's own organs in Spanish and Latin American hospitals and to determine the factors affecting this attitude. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Eleven hospitals from the "International Collaborative Donor Project" were selected, 3 in Spain, 5 in Mexico, 2 in Cuba and one in Costa Rica. A random sample was stratified by the type of service and job category. Attitude toward donation and transplantation was assessed using a validated survey. The questionnaire was completed anonymously and was self-administered. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Student's t-test, the χ2 test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 2,785 workers surveyed, 822 were from Spain, 1,595 from Mexico, 202 from Cuba and 166 from Costa Rica and 79% (n=2,191) were in favor of deceased organ donation. According to country, 94% (n=189) of Cubans were in favor, compared to 82% (n=1,313) of the Mexicans, 73% (n=121) of the Costa Ricans and 69% (n=568) of the Spanish (P<.001). In the multivariate analysis, the following variables had the most specific weight: 1) originating from Cuba (odds ratio=8.196; P<.001); 2) being a physician (OR= 2.544; P<.001); 3) performing a job related to transplantation (OR = 1.610; P=.005); 4) having discussed the subject of donation and transplantation within the family (OR= 3.690; P<.001); 5) having a partner with a favorable attitude toward donation and transplantation (OR= 3.289; P<.001); 6) a respondent's belief that his or her religion is in favor of donation and transplantation (OR= 3.021; P=.001); 7) not being concerned about the possible mutilation of the body after donation (OR= 2.994; P<.001); 8) the preference for other options apart from burial for treating the body after death (OR= 2.770; P<.001); and 9) acceptance of carrying out an autopsy if one were needed (OR= 2.808; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Hospital personnel in Spanish and Latin American healthcare centers had a favorable attitude toward donation, although 21% of respondents were not in favor of donating. This attitude was more favorable among Latin American workers and was very much conditioned by job-related and psychosocial factors.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Xenotransplantation is still a long way from becoming a clinical reality. However, in an emergency situation, it could be used as a bridge for replacing vital organs until the arrival of a human organ. To analyze the attitude toward xenotransplantation among hospital personnel from several hospitals in Spain and Latin America. METHODS: A random sample stratified according to the type of hospital and job category (n = 2618) in 10 hospitals in three different countries: Spain (n = 821), Mexico (n = 1595), and Cuba (n = 202). A validated questionnaire (PCID-XenoTx Rios) was self-administered and completed anonymously by the respondents. RESULTS: If the results of xenotransplantation were similar to those achieved using human donor organs, 61% (n = 1591) of the respondents would be in favor, while 9% (n = 234) would be against and 30% (n = 793) would be unsure. The analysis of the variables affecting attitude toward xenotransplantation revealed that attitude varied according to the country of reference and was more favorable among personnel in Cuban hospitals (70% a favor) than in Spanish (57%) and Mexican ones (62%; P = 0.000). However, these differences are mainly determined by job category with the physicians having the most favorable attitude. The ancillary staff, in contrast, had the least favorable attitude (76 vs. 51% respectively; P = 0.000). Of the remaining variables, attitude is significantly related to variables connected to human donation: attitude toward the different kinds of human organ donation (deceased [P < 0.001] and living [P < 0.001]), the possibility of needing a transplant oneself in the future (P < 0.001), and attitude toward donating the organs of a deceased family member (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: A third of healthcare personnel from several hospitals are not in favor of xenotransplantation. It is necessary to provide more information about the matter, especially in hospitals where there is a preclinical xenotransplantation program or where there is access to one, such as in the hospitals in this study.

Assuntos

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Hospital professionals are an opinion group that influences the general population. OBJECTIVE: To analyze attitudes to living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) among non-medical professionals working in Spanish and Latin American hospitals and to determine the variables that influence these attitudes. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A random sample, stratified by department, was selected from non-medical staff in the "International Donor Collaborative Project": there were three hospitals in Spain, five in Mexico and two in Cuba. Attitudes were evaluated through a validated, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: There were 951 non-medical professionals: 277 from Spain, 632 from Mexico and 42 from Cuba. A total of 86% (n = 818) were in favor of related living donation and 31% (n = 299) were in favor of unrelated living donation. This attitude was associated with the following: country (Mexico 88%, Cuba 83%, Spain 81%) (p =0.016), female sex (p =0.026), having experience of donation and transplantation (p =0.001), having a favorable attitude to donation (P <0.001), considering the possibility of needing a transplant (P <0.001), being in favor of living kidney donation (P <0.001), being willing to accept a transplant from a living donor if necessary (P <0.001), discussing donation and transplantation with the family and partner (P <0.001), carrying out pro-social activities (P <0.001), believing that one's religion was in favor of donation and transplantation (P<0.001), and not worrying about bodily mutilation after donation (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Attitudes toward related LDLT among non-medical staff in various Spanish, Mexican and Cuban hospitals are favorable. In 86% of those surveyed, this attitude was not influenced by classical psychosocial factors.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Services related to the donation and transplantation process are fundamental for developing solid organ transplantation and procuring organs from deceased donors. This study was conducted to analyze the attitude toward deceased organ donation among hospital personnel working in donation- and transplantation-related services in hospitals in Spain and Latin America. METHODS: Nine hospital centers within the "International Donor Collaborative Project" were selected (Spain, Mexico, Cuba, and Costa Rica). A random employee sample was taken and stratified according to the type of service and job category in transplant-related hospital services. RESULTS: Of the 925 employees surveyed, 78% were in favor of donation. By job category, attitude was more favorable among physicians (89%; p < 0.001). By type of service, attitude was more positive among personnel in transplant patient follow-up units (87%; p = 0.018). By country, the Cubans were most in favor (91%), followed by the Mexicans (81%), the Costa Ricans (77%), and the Spanish (70%; p < 0.001). Other factors were age (p < 0.001), sex (p = 0.005), considering the possibility of needing a transplant (p = 0.002), understanding the concept of brain death (p < 0.001), being in favor of living donation (p < 0.001), having discussed the subject of donation and transplantation within the family and the partner (p < 0.001), carrying out pro-social activities (p = 0.002), and concern about mutilation after donation (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Transplant-related personnel had a favorable attitude toward deceased donation, although it was not as positive as we would expect, especially among non-physicians. This attitude needs to be improved because of the negative effect that can result in organ donation. There were pronounced differences between countries, and the discordance between attitude and actual deceased donation rates in each country is notable.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The present study aimed determines lead (Pb), antimony (Sb) and barium (Ba) as the major elements present in GSR in the environmental air of the Ballistics Laboratory of the São Paulo Criminalistics Institute (I.C.-S.P.), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Micro environmental monitors (mini samplers) were located at selected places. The PM(2.5) fraction of this airborne was collected in, previously weighted filters, and analyzed by sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (SF-HR-ICP-MS). The higher values of the airborne lead, antimony and barium, were found at the firing range (lead (Pb): 58.9 µg/m(3); barium (Ba): 6.9 µg/m(3); antimony (Sb): 7.3 µg/m(3)). The mean value of the airborne in this room during 6 monitored days was Pb: 23.1 µg/m(3); Ba: 2.2 µg/m(3); Sb: 1.5 µg/m(3). In the water tank room, the air did not show levels above the limits of concern. In general the airborne lead changed from day to day, but the barium and antimony remained constant. Despite of that, the obtained values suggest that the workers may be exposed to airborne lead concentration that can result in an unhealthy environment and could increase the risk of chronic intoxication.

RESUMO

Introducción: Extractos alcohólicos de placenta humana han demostrado que poseen acción sobre la melanogénesis y sobre la proliferación de los melanocitos. Tales extractos producen un incremento en la densidad de los melanocitos así como de los gránulos de melanina cuando son aplicados tópicamente sobre las orejas y colas de ratones negros. Objetivo: Evaluar la acción de un extracto alcohólico de placenta humana con calcio (Melagenina Plus) en el tratamiento del Vitiligo, por ser esta una enfermedad en la que se pierden los melanocitos y por ende el pigmento melánico. Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo con 300 pacientes de vitiligo cubanos que fueron seleccionados por haber realizado de forma correcta la aplicación del extracto alcohólico de placenta humana con calcio sobre sus áreas despigmentadas. La selección se realizó con pacientes que se incorporaron al tratamiento con Melagenina Plus en los Servicios Clínicos del Centro de Histoterapia Placentaria entre los años 1998 hasta el 2003. Resultados: Al final del estudio 231 pacientes mostraron repigmentación completa o notable, 28 repigmentación parcial, 24 ninguna repigmentación y 17 nuevas lesiones. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados demuestran que el extracto alcohólico de placenta con adición de calcio puede ser un eficaz e inocuo tratamiento del Vitiligo.

Introduction: Human placental alcohol extract have been successfully used on melanogenesis and melanocyte proliferation. Such extracts cause an increase in the number of melanocytes and melanin granules when applied topically on the ears and tails of black mice. Objectives: Assessment of the effectiveness of a human placental alcohol extract with calcium (Melagenina Plus) for the treatment of vitiligo, since this disease is characterized by melanocyte loss and consequently of melanine pigment. Material and methods: A retrospective study was carried out with 300 cuban vitiligo patients which were chosen because of their correct application on their depigmented areas of the human placental alcohol extract with calcium. Patients selection was made among those involved in the treatment with Melagenina Plus from the Clinical Service of the Placental Histotherapy Center since 1998 to 2003. Results: At the end of the study, 231 patients showed total or marked repigmentation, 28 moderate repigmentation, 24 no repigmentation and 17 new lesions. Conclusions: Results demonstrate that placental alcohol extracts with calcium added can be very effective and innocuous for the vitiligo treatment.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de 402 pacientes afectados de enfermedad intraarticular de la rodilla, que fueron sometidos a tratamiento por cirugía artroscópica en el período comprendido entre 2004 y 2005 en el Hospital Ortopédico Frank País. Las lesiones de la rodilla fueron más frecuentes en mujeres de la raza blanca en edades entre 16 y 45 años, la rodilla derecha fue la más afectada y el menisco interno fue la estructura anatómica de máxima afectación. Como enfermedad asociada se encontró la condromalacia de rótula, la condritis de los cóndilos y la plica sinovial. Los síntomas dolor, inflamación y chasquido articular tuvieron cardinal importancia en el diagnóstico, por artroscopia se pudo confirmar 74,9 por ciento del diagnóstico imagenológico y 81,3 por ciento del diagnóstico clínico. Se realizaron 971 procederes artroscópicos, los más practicados fueron el rasurado del cartílago articular, la meniscectomía y el lavado articular.

A descriptive, retrospective study of 402 patients affected by intraarticular knee disease that underwent arthroscopic surgery in Frank País Orthopedic Hospital from 2004 to 2005, was conducted. The knee injuries were more frequent among white females aged 16-45, the right knee was the most affected and the internal meniscus was the anatomical structure with maximum affectation. Patellar chondromalacia, chondritis of the condyles and synovial plica were the associated diseases found. Pain, swelling and articular clicking were very important symptoms for the diagnosis. 74.9 percent of the imaging diagnosis and 81.3 percent of the clinical diagnosis were confirmed by arthroscopy. 971 arthroscopic procedures were performed. The scraping of the articular cartilage, meniscectomy and articular washout were the most practiced.

Assuntos

RESUMO

La peritonitis generalizada es un problema complejo caracterizado por una alta mortalidad. Han existido diferentes métodos para su tratamiento, entre los cuales el lavado quirúrgico programado es una opción a tener en cuenta. Nos propusimos mostrar nuestras experiencias en una serie de pacientes tratados con este método. Realizamos un estudio prospectivo de 41 pacientes operados por peritonitis generalizada, de diferentes causas, a los que se realizó un lavado peritoneal programado cada 24 a 48 horas. Se analizaron las variables: causa, edad, complicaciones y relación de estas con las muertes. La causa más frecuente de peritonitis en nuestra serie fue la dehiscencia de la sutura intestinal, que junto con la edad avanzada, la ausencia de solución del foco infeccioso y el número elevado de lavados (más de 3) fue un factor que incidió en la mortalidad de nuestros pacientes (29 por ciento). El lavado peritoneal es un método efectivo en el tratamiento de la peritonitis difusa. Evita las complicaciones del abdomen abierto o el peligro de complicación tardía de un lavado a demanda, aunque no niega ni se contrapone a otros métodos(AU)

The widespread peritonitis is a complex problem characterized by a high mortality. Different methods have existed for their treatment, among which the programmed surgical laundry is an option to keep in mind. We intended to show our experiences in a series of patients treaties with this method. We carry out a prospective study of 41 patients operated by widespread peritonitis, of different causes, to those that he/she was carried out a programmed peritoneal laundry each 24 at 48 hours. The variables were analyzed: it causes, age, complications and relationship of these with the deaths. The most frequent cause in peritonitis in our series was the dehiscencia of the intestinal suture that together with the advanced age, the absence of solution of the infectious focus and the high number of laundries (more than 3) a factor that impacted in the mortality of our patients was (29 percent). The peritoneal laundry is an effective method in the treatment of the diffuse peritonitis. It avoids the complications of the open abdomen or the danger of late complication from a laundry to demand, although he/she doesn't deny neither it is opposed to other methods(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

En busca de nuevas alternativas para determinación de edad en cadáveres por medio de la odontología legal y forense, se utilizó un método basado en la racemización del ácido aspártico presente en la dentina. Para la realización de este estudio fueron examinados 10 incisivos inferiores de cadáveres del instituto nacional de medicina legal y ciencias forenses, previamente identificados y con edades conocidas. El ácido aspártico de la dentina de estos dientes fue extraído con el propósito de encontrar correlación entre la edad y la relación D/L para evaluar la factibilidad de aplicación en Colombia del método descrito por Ohyani, et. Al., en Japón. Se tomaron secciones longitudinales de 1mm de espesor de cada diente, posteriormente fueron lavados ultras.

Assuntos

RESUMO

La deficiencia de micronutrientes es frecuente en países en desarrollo. El objetivo del estudio fué comparar los niveles séricos de zinc, hierro y cobre en tres grupos de escolares (8 a 9 años) y correlacionarlos con algunas medidas antropométricas. El grupo 1 estuvo constituido por 26 escolares de un colegio privado de Santafé de Bogotá, el 2 por 21 niños de instituciones públicas de una zona rural, cercana a esta ciudad y el 3 por 28 sujetos de una escuela pública de la capital. Los micronutrientes se midieron por espectrometria de emisión atómica con plasma acoplado por inducción. El grupo 1 presentó talla (126.2+/-3.6) mayor al 2 (122.6+/-4.8 cm) y al 3 (122.1 +/-5.0 cm). Las concentraciones de zinc del grupo 1 (67+/-9 ug/dl) fueron mayores al 2 (59+/-11 ug/dl) y al 3 (50+/-13ug/dl). El grupo 3 presentó sidermia menor (71+/-21ug/dl) al 1 (90+/-30ug/dl). El grupo 1 evidenció niveles de cobre (100+/-19Ug/dl) mayores al 2 (77+/-13ug/dl) y al 3 (82+/-20ug/dl). Los resultados suguieren que los niños de los grupos 2 y 3 están expuestos a posibles condicienes medioambientales que inciden desfavorablemente en su crecimiento corporal y que son los niños del grupo 2 los que presntan el menor acceso a los micronutrientes zinc y hierro.

Assuntos