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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a public health challenge that must be addressed considering the large number of risk factors involved in its appearance. Some environmental risk factors are currently described as predictors of diabetes, with access to green spaces being an element to consider in urban settings. This review aims to study the association between exposure to green spaces and outcomes such as diabetes, obesity, and physical activity in the general population. A systematic review was carried out using the PubMed, Embase, and LILACS databases and other sources. The search strategy was carried out from October 2019 to October 2020. Cross-sectional and cohort studies were included. The article selection was made by a pair of reviewers, and data extraction was carried out using a data extraction sheet. The quality assessment of the included studies was carried out using a validated tool. Finally, 19 scientific articles were included in this review. Evidence supports that people and communities exposed to green spaces, especially in their neighborhood, reduce the risk of T2DM and reduce the risk of being obese and increase the likelihood of physical activity. The onset of T2DM can be moderated by using green spaces, improving physical activity levels, and reducing the risk of being overweight and obese.

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Introducción: El torus mandibular es un crecimiento exofítico óseo ubicado en el área lingual de la mandíbula, generalmente bilateral. Puede estar asociado con trastornos temporomandibulares, afectar la pronunciación, producir halitosis, interferir con la deglución y causar dolor en la mucosa cuando está bajo prótesis mal diseñadas. Normalmente, el tratamiento no es necesario, excepto por necesidades protésicas, problemas funcionales, retención de alimentos, trastornos fonéticos o en caso de que se vaya a usar como injerto óseo autólogo. El objetivo de este reporte de caso fue realizar la escisión del torus mandibular bilateral en un paciente sistémicamente comprometido para su posterior rehabilitación con una prótesis parcial removible. Se realizo la atención de una paciente de 66 años sexo femenino, a quien, luego de analizar los medios diagnósticos y la evidencia científica, se le pudo realizar la escisión del torus mandibular bilateral de forma atraumática; esto permitió el correcto asentamiento de una prótesis parcial removible. La escisión del torus mandibular bilateral es un procedimiento seguro y predecible, y ayuda a evitar complicaciones protésicas, como el diseño de la estructura, y biológicas, como úlceras, depósitos de comida o halitosis, lo que devuelve la estabilidad y la función al sistema estomatognático. (AU)

The mandibular torus is a bony exophytic growth located in the lingual area of the mandible. While this growth is generally bilateral, it can be associated with temporomandibular disorders. I It affects pronunciation, produces halitosis, interferes with swallowing, and causes pain in the mucosa under poorly designed prostheses. Normally, treatment is not necessary, except in cases with prosthetic needs, functional problems, food retention, phonetic disorders or if it is to be used as an autologous bone graft. The aim of this study was to perform a bilateral mandibular torus excision in a systemically compromised patient for subsequent rehabilitation with a removable partial denture. A 66-year-old female presenting a bilateral mandibular torus attended our dental clinic. After achieving the diagnosis and analyzing the scientific evidence available, the bilateral mandibular torus was atraumatically excised, allowing correct seating of a removable partial denture. Bilateral mandibular torus excision is a safe and effective procedure, which helps to avoid prosthetic complications involving structural design and biological complications such as ulcers, food deposits and / or halitosis, restoring stability and function to the stomatognathic system. (AU)

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Objective: Describe the profile and clinical indicators of people from a domiciliary anticoagulation program in the city of Bogota, during a year of monitoring. Materials and methods: Quantitative study of descriptive scope. The population was made of 66 people from the program, who met the inclusion criteria and were cared for a year. Some of the measured variables were: type of anticoagulant, anticoagulation indications, functional compromise, risk of bleeding and time in therapeutic range. The information was obtained from monthly statistics from the program, univariate analyzed, reporting frequency distributions and ethical aspects were protected for the health research. Results: 66 patients older than 60 years of age that received Warfa-rin were attended and the main symptom was atrial fibrillation. The patients reached the therapeutic target in the first 9 days, achieving 70% of time in the therapeutic range, and no adverse events were presented although being at intermediate-high risk of bleeding, severe functional detriment and high comorbidity. Conclusion: The permanent monitoring of coagulation time, availability of additional controls, fast ad-justments in the anticoagulation doses, health education and a direct communication channel between the patient, the family, and the healthcare team, could improve the clinical indicators of anticoagulated patients.

Objetivo: Describir el perfil e indicadores clínicos de las personas pertenecientes a un programa domiciliario de anticoagulación en la ciudad de Bogotá, durante un año de seguimiento. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo. La población estuvo integrada por 66 personas pertenecientes al programa, quienes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y fueron atendidas durante un año. Algunas va-riables medidas fueron: tipo de anticoagulante, indicación de anticoagulación, com-promiso funcional, riesgo de sangrado y tiempo en rango terapéutico. La información fue obtenida de la estadística mensual del programa, analizada de forma univariada, reportando distribución de frecuencias, y se salvaguardaron los aspectos éticos para la investigación en salud. Resultados: Se atendieron 66 pacientes mayores de 60 años que recibían warfarina y la indicación principal fue fibrilación auricular. Las personas alcan-zaron la meta terapéutica en los primeros 9 días, logrando un 70 % del tiempo en rango terapéutico, y no se presentaron eventos adversos a pesar de tener riesgo intermedio-alto de sangrado, deterioro severo de la funcionalidad y alta comorbilidad. Conclusión: El monitoreo permanente de tiempos de coagulación, disponibilidad de controles adicionales, ajustes rápidos en la dosis de anticoagulante, educación en salud y un canal directo de comunicación entre el paciente, la familia y el equipo de salud, podrían mejorar los indicadores clínicos de las personas anticoaguladas

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil e indicadores clínicos das pessoas que conformam um programa de as-sistência domiciliar de anticoagulação na cidade de Bogotá, realizada em um ano de acompanhamen-to. Materiais e métodos: Estudo quantitativo descritivo. A amostra esteve composta por 66 pessoas que pertenceram ao programa e foram acompanhadas por um ano. Algumas variáveis aferidas foram: tipo de anticoagulante, indicações da anticoagulação, comprometimento funcional, risco de sangra-mento e tempo no rango terapêutico. As aferições realizaram-se todo mês e a análise realizou-se de forma univariada, reportando distribuições de frequências. Foram considerados os aspectos éticos para a pesquisa em saúde. Resultados: Atenderam-se 66 pessoas maiores de 60 anos que receberam warfarina e a indicação foi o diagnóstico de fibrilação auricular. As pessoas conquistaram as metas terapêuticas e não apresentaram complicações nos primeiros 9 dias de tratamento, além de obter 70% de tempo do rango terapêutico. Também não houve eventos adversos embora o risco intermeio-alto de sangramento, deterioro da funcionalidade ou alta morbidade. Conclusão: O acompanhamento permanente dos tempos de coagulação, a disponibilidade de atendimentos adicionais, ajustes rápidos nas dosagens do anticoagulante, a educação em saúde e a comunicação direta entre o paciente à família e a equipe de saúde, poderão melhorar os indicadores clínicos das pessoas anticoaguladas

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