RESUMO
Involvement of the thyroid gland by tuberculosis is very rare and is usually secondary to disseminated infection. Very few cases of primary thyroid tuberculosis have been described even in countries with a high incidence of this disease. We present the case of a Spanish patient operated for a suspicious thyroid nodule that was finally diagnosed as primary thyroid tuberculosis.
La afectación de la glándula tiroidea por tuberculosis es muy rara y generalmente es secundaria a una enfermedad diseminada. Se han descrito muy pocos casos de tuberculosis tiroidea primaria incluso en paises con alta incidencia de esta enfermedad. Presentamos el caso de una paciente española operada por un nódulo tiroideo sospechoso que fue finalmente diagnosticado como tuberculosis tiroidea primaria.
Assuntos
Glândula Tireoide , Tuberculose , Humanos , Incidência , Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Glândula Tireoide/cirurgiaRESUMO
Objetivos. Estimar el grado de adquisición de habilidades de comunicación en un curso a distancia destinado a formación docente en profesionales de la salud y proponer un sistema de enseñanza complementario a la modalidad presencial. Material y métodos. En la Universidad Católica de Salta se dictó el curso a distancia "Docencia Superior y Universitaria en Ciencias de la Salud, n = 64, con plataforma educativa MOODLE. El estudio fue observacional, descriptivo y prospectivo. El modelo curricular fue mixto con competencias y objetivos educativos. Las competencias fueron: conocimientos sobre pedagogía, habilidades de comunicación e interacción a través de las técnicas de información y comunicación. Los contenidos se organizaron en módulos: informática y uso de la plataforma, contextos y problemas actuales de la educación, comunicación en el campo de la educación, programación didáctica y proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, evaluación, técnicas de información y comunicación, y seminario de integración. Con docentes de medicina y pedagogía, los alumnos tuvieron acceso al campus virtual y fueron evaluados durante y al finalizar el proceso. Contestaron encuesta de satisfacción. Resultados. De los 88 inscriptos, solo 35 (39,7%) cumplieron con todas las exigencias. Se realizaron 455 actividades (13 actividades por alumno) y sólo hubo 1 actividad desaprobada (0,2). Las actividades aprobadas fueron 233 (51,2%) y las que debieron corregirse para ser aprobadas 222 (48,6%). La encuesta de satisfacción, demostró la aceptación del curso.
Objectives. Estimate degree of communicational skills in an e-learning pedagogical course for Health Sciences Professionals and to propose a teaching system as a complement to conventional on site attending training. Material and methods. The course Docencia Superior y Universitaria en Ciencias de la Salud was carried out in the Catholic University of Salta, n=64, by using the MOODLE educational platform. The study design was observational, descriptive and prospective. Curricular design integrated competences and educational objectives. Competences were related to pedagogical knowledge, communicational skills, interaction through information and communicational techniques. Educational contents were organized in modules: informatics, platform use, educational situation, communication in the educational field, didactic programming, teaching learning process, evaluation, information and communication techniques and integration seminar. Trough medical and specialized pedagogical faculty, students accessed the virtual campus and were evaluated during the process and after finishing it. A satisfaction survey was answered. Results. From 88 the registered students, only 35 (39%) completed the whole course. Four hundred and fifty five activities were completed (13 by each student) and only one was not completed (0.2). Approved activities were 233 (51.2%) and those corrected prior to approval, 222 (48.6%). Satisfaction survey demonstrated course acceptation as a whole.
Assuntos
Educação/tendências , Tecnologia Educacional , Argentina , Educação a Distância , Interface Usuário-Computador , Universidades/tendênciasRESUMO
Some arthropod species are vectors of diseases to human's beings, domestic and sylvatic animals acting as biological or mechanical vectors of important pathogens. They produce direct damage due to feeding habits and attachment to different parts of animals and humans bodies. The aim of this study was to identify different species of ectoparasites from wild birds located at "Centro de Atención y Valoración de Fauna Silvestre del area metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá". From October 2006 to November 2007 a descriptive longitudinal study was done in 43 birds infested with ectoparasites. A total of 202 ectoparasites belonging to Diptera and Phthiraptera (Insecta) orders and Parasitiformes mites (Arachnida: Acari) were found.The Phtiraptera order shows the highest diversity with 18 species all of them belonging to Mallophaga group. From Diptera order, one specie was identified and ten larvae from Muscidae family was identified too, from Acari three genera of the Astigmata and Mesostigmata soborders was identified. The results of this study allow us to expand the host range of Bonnetella genera to Ramphastos citroelaemus specie. Also the presence of Menacanthus eurysternus and Colpocephalum turbinatum is registered in Pelecanus occidentalis and Buteo platypterus. The development of microbiological and parasitological studies to identify pathogen species in these ectoparasites is recommended to establish disease transmission risk and prevention and control strategies of zoonotic diseases.
Algunas especies de artrópodos son causantes de enfermedades en humanos, animales domésticos y silvestres, actuando como vectores biológicos y mecánicos de importantes patógenos; además de los daños directos que ocasionan por sus hábitos alimenticios y de fijación en diferentes partes del cuerpo de sus hospederos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las diferentes especies de ectoparásitos presentes en las aves silvestres ingresadas al Centro de Atención y Valoración de Fauna Silvestre (CAV) del área metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal, en el cual se analizaron 43 aves infestadas con ectoparásitos que ingresaron al centro, durante el periodo de octubre de 2006 a noviembre de 2007. Se colectaron 202 ectoparásitos de los órdenes Pthiraptera, Diptera y ácaros del orden Parasitiformes (Arachnida). El orden Phthiraptera presentó la mayor diversidad, con 18 especies, todas del grupo Mallophaga. Del orden Diptera se identificó una especie y diez larvas de la familia Muscidae, mientras que en los ácaros se identificaron tres géneros, de los subórdenes: Astigmata y Mesostigmata. Los resultados de este estudio permiten ampliar el rango de hospederos del género Bonnetella a la especie Ramphastos citroelaemus. Además se registra la presencia de Menacanthus eurysternus y Colpocephalum turbinatum en Pelecanus occidentalis y Buteo platypterus. Se recomienda realizar estudios microbiológicos y parasitológicos para identificar las especies patógenas presentes en estos ectoparásitos, que permitan establecer el riesgo de transmisión de enfermedades y proponer medidas de prevención y control de enfermedades zoonóticas.
Algumas espécies de artrópodes são causadores de doenças tanto para os humanos como para animais domésticos e silvestres, atuando como vetores biológicos e mecânicos de patogenias importantes, além de causar danos diretos por seus hábitos alimentares e a sua fixação em diferentes partes do corpo do hospedeiro. O objetivo foi identificar as diferentes espécies de ectoparasitas hachados em aves silvestres do "Centro de Atención y Valoración de Fauna Silvestre del area metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá". Foi feito um estudo descritivo longitudinal em 43 aves as quais ingressaram ao Centro infestadas com ectoparasitas desde outubro de 2006 até novembro de 2007. Coletaram-se 202 ectoparasitas das ordens Phthiraptera, Diptera e ácaros da ordem Parasitiformes (Arachnida). A ordem Phthiraptera apresentou a maior diversidade, com 18 espécies todas do grupo Mallophaga, Da ordem Díptera identificou-se uma espécie e dez larvas da família Muscidae, enquanto nos ácaros identificaram-se três gêneros das subordens Astigmata y Mesostigmata. Os resultados do estudo permitem ampliar o rango dos hospedeiros do gênero Bonnetella á espécie Ramphastos citroelaemus. Alem de mais se registra a presencia de Menacanthus eurysternus y Colpocephalum turbinatum em Pelecanus occidentalis y Buteo platypterus. Recomenda-se realizar estudos microbiológicos e parasitológicos para identificar as espécies patogenias presentes nestes ectoparasitas que permitam estabelecer o risco de transmissão de doenças e propor medidas de prevenção e controle de zoonoses.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Despite the criticisms from prestigious expert committees, a high percentage of surgeons continue to use, as the technique-of-choice, Hartmann's procedure for acute malignant intestinal obstruction of the distal colon and rectum, without faecal peritonitis. We have reviewed our results with this technique and compared them with other series of patients in the literature undergoing one-stage surgery (resection with primary anastomosis or sub-total colectomy). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective and descriptive study using clinical histories and, from which, the variables studied were: median hospitalisation stay, morbido-mortality and reconstruction index. RESULTS: Included in the analysis were 44 patients (24 male; 20 female) with an age range between 37 and 87 years (median age: 67.04 years). The median hospitalisation stay was 15.59 days (range: 8-39). In the 10 patients undergoing reconstruction this was 12.8 days (range: 10-17). The overall stay, therefore, was 28.39 days. The median stay in the series of patients having one-stage surgery was 13.9 days. The morbidity using Hartmann's procedure was 43.18% (19/44) and, in the patients with reconstruction, 40% (4/10). The morbidity in the literature series with one-stage surgery was 22.53%. Mortality in our study was 0%. The mortality in the 16 cases from the literature was close to 5%, although in 3 of the studies this was also 0%. The percentage undergoing reconstruction was 22.72% (10 cases). The median age in the non-reconstructed patients was 71.42 years (range: 46-87) compared to a median age of 52.6 (range 37-67) in the group with reconstruction (p < 0.001). The percentages undergoing reconstruction, according to tumour stage, were Dukes B: 36.84%; Dukes C: 23.07%; Dukes D: 0% (p < 0.001). The median waiting-time for a reconstruction was 15.73 months (range: 8-33). CONCLUSIONS: Comparisons of our results with the outcomes in the series of patients in the literature with one-stage surgery indicate that "one-stage surgery" is the more suitable but, however, with two conditions: a sufficient command of the technique so as to minimise complications and a strict patient selection, with the Hartmann's procedure being retained for patients with high anaesthesia risk.