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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the association between the Sense of Coherence (SoC) and Quality of Life (QoL) in adolescents with heart disease. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 164 adolescents with congenital or valvular heart disease, aged between 10 and 18 years, treated in a referral center in the city of Recife - Brazil. The information collected contains census data, type of heart disease, economic status identified according to the Brazilian Criteria for Economic Classification (ABEP), as well as an evaluation of the SoC and the QoL. RESULTS: The SoC (50.09) and QoL (72.23) exhibited high average scores. The SoC was positively correlated with all dimensions of the QoL scale (p<0.001). The social and school dimensions, respectively, presented the highest and lowest scores. The linear regression analysis revealed that the SoC influenced the school and emotional dimensions. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the SoC is a protective factor in the life of adolescents. This factor helps on the improvement of perception of QoL and on successfully dealing with daily adversities and chronic stress.

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Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between the Sense of Coherence (SoC) and Quality of Life (QoL) in adolescents with heart disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 164 adolescents with congenital or valvular heart disease, aged between 10 and 18 years, treated in a referral center in the city of Recife - Brazil. The information collected contains census data, type of heart disease, economic status identified according to the Brazilian Criteria for Economic Classification (ABEP), as well as an evaluation of the SoC and the QoL. Results: The SoC (50.09) and QoL (72.23) exhibited high average scores. The SoC was positively correlated with all dimensions of the QoL scale (p<0.001). The social and school dimensions, respectively, presented the highest and lowest scores. The linear regression analysis revealed that the SoC influenced the school and emotional dimensions. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the SoC is a protective factor in the life of adolescents. This factor helps on the improvement of perception of QoL and on successfully dealing with daily adversities and chronic stress.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre Senso de Coerência (SOC) e Qualidade de Vida (QV) em adolescentes cardiopatas. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 164 adolescentes portadores de cardiopatias congênitas ou valvares, com idade entre 10 e 18 anos, atendidos em um Centro de Referência na cidade de Recife - Brasil. As informações coletadas contêm dados censitários, tipo de cardiopatia, situação econômica identificada de acordo com os Critérios Brasileiros de Classificação Econômica (ABEP), além de uma avaliação do Senso de Coerência e da Qualidade de Vida. Resultados: Tanto o Sentido de Coerência (50,09) quanto a Qualidade de Vida (72,23) exibiram valores médios elevados. Senso de Coerência foi positivamente correlacionado com todas as dimensões da Qualidade de Vida (p<0,001). As dimensões social e escolar foram as pontuações mais altas e mais baixas, respectivamente. A análise de regressão linear revelou que o Sentido de Coerência influenciou as dimensões escolar e emocional. Conclusões: Este estudo demonstra que o Sentido de Coerência é um fator de proteção na vida dos adolescentes. Esse fator auxilia na melhora da percepção de Qualidade de Vida e no enfrentamento com sucesso das adversidades do dia a dia e do estresse crônico.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate how attachment style has been studied in children with chronic disease in the scientific literature, and what repercussions this attachment has on this population. DATA SOURCES: An integrative review of the literature was carried out from a survey in the LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO databases, including original national and international publications in Portuguese, Spanish and English from 2007 to 2018, using the descriptors "apego" and "criança" in the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS), and "attachment" and "children" for the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Sixteen (16 articles) were obtained for the sample analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS: The chronic diseases found in the research were neurobehavioral disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism, childhood obesity, and chronic migraine. The predominant attachment style was insecurity, which could compromise the biopsychosocial development of the child. CONCLUSIONS: The type of attachment between child and primary caregiver may be considered a protective or risk factor for child development. Considering this premise, it is important to equip/inform families based on dialogic educational practices, in which professionals create opportunities and means for families to develop their skills and competencies, and acquire resources which meet the child's needs. It is important that this professional helps the family to build secure bases for their child with chronic disease, understanding that the main focus for promoting child development is in the family unit.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate how attachment style has been studied in children with chronic disease in the scientific literature, and what repercussions this attachment has on this population. Data sources: An integrative review of the literature was carried out from a survey in the LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO databases, including original national and international publications in Portuguese, Spanish and English from 2007 to 2018, using the descriptors "apego" and "criança" in the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS), and "attachment" and "children" for the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Sixteen (16 articles) were obtained for the sample analysis. Data synthesis: The chronic diseases found in the research were neurobehavioral disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism, childhood obesity, and chronic migraine. The predominant attachment style was insecurity, which could compromise the biopsychosocial development of the child. Conclusions: The type of attachment between child and primary caregiver may be considered a protective or risk factor for child development. Considering this premise, it is important to equip/inform families based on dialogic educational practices, in which professionals create opportunities and means for families to develop their skills and competencies, and acquire resources which meet the child's needs. It is important that this professional helps the family to build secure bases for their child with chronic disease, understanding that the main focus for promoting child development is in the family unit.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar, na literatura científica, de que forma o estilo de apego tem sido estudado nas crianças com doença crônica e as repercussões dessa vinculação nessa população. Fonte de dados: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura por meio de um levantamento nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online (SciELO) incluindo publicações originais nacionais e internacionais, em português, espanhol e inglês, no período de 2007 a 2018, utilizando-se os descritores apego e criança nos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) e attachment e children para o Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Foi obtida uma amostra de 16 artigos para análise. Síntese dos dados: As doenças crônicas encontradas na pesquisa foram os distúrbios neurocomportamentais, como transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH) e autismo, obesidade infantil e enxaqueca crônica. O estilo de apego predominante foi o inseguro, o que pode comprometer o desenvolvimento biopsicossocial dessa criança. Conclusões: O tipo de vinculação entre criança e cuidador primário pode ser considerado um fator de proteção ou risco para o desenvolvimento infantil. Haja vista essa premissa, é fundamental a instrumentalização das famílias baseada em práticas educativas dialógicas, nas quais os profissionais criam oportunidades e meios para que os familiares desenvolvam suas habilidades e competências e adquiram recursos que atendam às necessidades da criança. É importante que esse profissional auxilie a família a construir bases seguras para a criança com doença crônica, entendendo que é na unidade familiar que está o principal foco de promoção do desenvolvimento infantil.

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An integrative review was conducted in order to investigate the role of the Sense of Coherence (SOC) in the health of adolescents in different contexts, as well as the factors that influence it. SOC is a construct used to evaluate the ability to cope and adapt to a situation of adversity. PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs and Medline biomedical databases were consulted with an interval of 10 years to locate original articles with abstracts in English, Portuguese and Spanish. After analysis 21, articles were selected and were sorted into thematic categories. It was established that adolescents with a low SOC are more prone to depression, anxiety and psychosomatic problems, whereas adolescents with a high SOC have a better quality of life. Several studies have shown that a strong SOC was associated with different health behaviors, such as improved oral hygiene, conscious use of medicines, not taking up smoking, lower consumption of alcohol and the more frequent practice of physical activities. Other studies highlight the protective role of SOC by reducing the impact caused by adverse situations, such as illness or even war. Thus, investigating the SOC is important as an individual resource for coping and will also assist in the planning of actions for the promotion of health.

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Realizou-se uma Revisão Integrativa com o objetivo de investigar o papel do Senso de Coerência (SOC) na saúde do adolescente em diferentes contextos, como também os fatores que o influenciam. SOC é um construto utilizado para avaliar a capacidade de lidar e se adaptar a uma adversidade. Foram consultadas as bases Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs e Medline, com intervalo de 10 anos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, no formato de artigo original e com resumos disponíveis. Após análise foram selecionados 21 artigos os quais foram separados em categorias temáticas. Verificou-se que adolescentes com um baixo valor de SOC apresentam mais tendência à depressão, ansiedade e problemas psicossomáticos. Já os com SOC alto apresentaram melhor qualidade de vida. Diversos estudos mostraram que um forte SOC estava associado a diferentes comportamentos de saúde, como melhoria da higiene oral, uso consciente de medicamentos, não adesão ao tabagismo, menor consumo de álcool e práticas de atividades físicas mais frequentes. Outros estudos apontam para o papel protetor do SOC por reduzir o impacto causado por situações adversas, como uma doença ou até guerra. Assim, investigar o SOC é importante por ser um recurso individual de enfrentamento como também por servir de subsídio no planejamento de ações para a promoção de saúde.

An integrative review was conducted in order to investigate the role of the Sense of Coherence (SOC) in the health of adolescents in different contexts, as well as the factors that influence it. SOC is a construct used to evaluate the ability to cope and adapt to a situation of adversity. PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs and Medline biomedical databases were consulted with an interval of 10 years to locate original articles with abstracts in English, Portuguese and Spanish. After analysis 21, articles were selected and were sorted into thematic categories. It was established that adolescents with a low SOC are more prone to depression, anxiety and psychosomatic problems, whereas adolescents with a high SOC have a better quality of life. Several studies have shown that a strong SOC was associated with different health behaviors, such as improved oral hygiene, conscious use of medicines, not taking up smoking, lower consumption of alcohol and the more frequent practice of physical activities. Other studies highlight the protective role of SOC by reducing the impact caused by adverse situations, such as illness or even war. Thus, investigating the SOC is important as an individual resource for coping and will also assist in the planning of actions for the promotion of health.

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