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INTRODUCTION: Nutrition Impact Symptoms (NIS) are common in hospitalized patients and can be aggravated in the presence of malnutrition. OBJECTIVE: To verify the presence of NIS and its association with sociodemographic and clinical variables, sarcopenia phenotype, and nutritional status of individuals hospitalized. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with hospitalized patients, of both sexes and ≥50 years old. Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), handgrip strength (HGS), gait speed GS), and anthropometric measurements were performed up to 48 hours after admission. NIS was obtained through PG-SGA and stratified into two groups: <3 and ≥3 symptoms. The chi-square test (χ2) was performed, and a 5% significance level was adopted. RESULTS: A total of 90 patients (65.4±9.67 years) were studied, with the majority of men (56.7%), older people (70.0%), married (68.9%), low economic class (72.2%), without work activity (70.5%), with two previous diseases (60.0%), overweight by body mass index (46.7%) and adequate adductor pollicis muscle thickness (83.3%). The most prevalent NIS were "dry mouth", "anorexia", and "smells sick" respectively 31.1%, 30.0%, and 16.7%. There was an association between NIS and SARC-F score (p=0.002), handgrip strength (p=0.016), the status of sarcopenia (p=0.020), PG-SGA (p<0.001), and economic status (p=0.020). CONCLUSION: The identification of NIS is common, and may infer negative nutritional status and functional performance of patients. The use of protocols to identify NIS during hospitalization should be considered to minimize the negative impact on nutritional status.
INTRODUÇÃO: Sintomas de impacto nutricional (SIN) são comuns em pacientes hospitalizados e estes podem ser agravados na presença da desnutrição. OBJETIVO: Verificar a presença de SIN e sua associação com as variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas, fenótipo de sarcopenia e estado nutricional de indivíduos hospitalizados. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo transversal com pacientes internados, de ambos os sexos e idade ≥ 50 anos. Realizou-se Avaliação Subjetiva Global produzida pelo Paciente (ASG-PPP), força de preensão palmar (FPP), velocidade de caminhada (VC) e medidas antropométricas até 48 horas da admissão. Os SIN foram obtidos por meio da ASG-PPP e compilados em <3 ou ≥3 sintomas. Realizou-se o teste de qui-quadrado (χ2). Adotou-se nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Um total de 90 pacientes (65,4±9,67 anos), sendo a maioria homem (56,7%), idoso (70,0%), casado (68,9%), classe econômica baixa (72,2%), sem atividade de trabalho (70,5%), com uma a duas doenças pregressas (60,0%), excesso de peso ao índice de massa corporal (46,7%) e adequada espessura do músculo adutor do polegar (83,3%). Os SIN "boca seca", "anorexia" e "cheiros enjoam" foram os mais prevalentes, respectivamente 31,1%, 30,0% e 16,7%. Houve associação dos SIN com as variáveis que compõem o fenótipo de sarcopenia: o escore SARC-F (p=0,002) e FPP (p=0,016), status de sarcopenia (p=0,020), ASG-PPP (p<0,001) e classe econômica (p=0,020). CONCLUSÃO: A identificação de SIN é comum, podendo inferir negativamente no estado nutricional e desempenho funcional dos pacientes. Considerar o uso de protocolos para identificação dos SIN durante a hospitalização a fim de minimizar a repercussão negativa no estado nutricional.
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Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Desnutrição , Sarcopenia , Fatores Sociodemográficos , Pacientes Internados , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
Endometriosis is a common disease; however, unusual findings may cause diagnostic difficulties. We present herein three cases illustrating different morphological appearances of endometriosis: 1) endometriosis with atypical hyperplasia associated with bilateral ovarian carcinoma (mixed clear cell/endometrioid in the left ovary and endometrioid in the right ovary); 2) deep infiltrating endometriosis with intravascular spread, polypoid configuration in peritoneal surfaces, and involvement of a lymph node; and 3) decidualized endometriosis with prominent myxoid/mucinous change and multivacuolated (pseudoxanthoma) cells. Awareness of uncommon morphological manifestations of endometriosis is important to avoid improper consideration of malignancy.
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ABSTRACT Endometriosis is a common disease; however, unusual findings may cause diagnostic difficulties. We present herein three cases illustrating different morphological appearances of endometriosis: 1) endometriosis with atypical hyperplasia associated with bilateral ovarian carcinoma (mixed clear cell/endometrioid in the left ovary and endometrioid in the right ovary); 2) deep infiltrating endometriosis with intravascular spread, polypoid configuration in peritoneal surfaces, and involvement of a lymph node; and 3) decidualized endometriosis with prominent myxoid/mucinous change and multivacuolated (pseudoxanthoma) cells. Awareness of uncommon morphological manifestations of endometriosis is important to avoid improper consideration of malignancy.
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OBJECTIVE: To verify the age, nutritional status, and gait speed in hospitalized individuals, and their association with the quality of life of their caregivers. METHODS: Observational cross-sectional study with 54 patients and their respective caretakers in a university hospital in the Brazilian Midwest. The analyses were carried out using the SPSS software, with p < 0.05. RESULTS: The Social Relations domain had the highest mean score (71.45±18.64). The lowest score was in the Physical domain (57.80±12.01). According to a subjective nutritional evaluation, 72.2% presented some degree of malnutrition. Most were classified with low gait speeds (82%). There was a significant correlation between age and the Physical and General Quality of Life domains. The Environment domain was significantly correlated to the gait speed. CONCLUSION: The age and the gait speed of the patient were related to the quality of life of the caregiver, but the nutritional state was not affected.
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Desnutrição , Qualidade de Vida , Brasil , Cuidadores , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Desnutrição/complicações , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Velocidade de CaminhadaRESUMO
Abstract Introduction Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the cancer with the highest incidence in childhood and adolescence, and pharmacotherapy is the primary form of treatment. Objective and methods A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-asparaginase in acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy in children and adolescents was conducted to compare it with native Escherichia coli L-asparaginase. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Scopus, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature) and EMBASE databases were selected. The following outcomes were analyzed: complete remission of the disease, event-free survival, overall survival, anti-asparaginase antibody level, hypersensitivity reactions, asparaginase and asparagine serum levels, number of postdiagnosis events, and overall mortality. Five randomized controlled trials were included. Analysis of the quality of evidence and risk of bias was performed using the Cochrane recommendation tool and the GRADE system. Results The assessment results suggest that the level of certainty on the technology addressed is relatively weak from a methodological point of view. Evidence is insufficient to assess the effects on health outcomes because of the limited number and power of studies and important flaws in their design or conduct in classifying PEG-asparaginase as a superior drug or not, in the pharmacotherapy of ALL in children and adolescents. PEG-asparaginase can be used as a substitute for native E. coli L-asparaginase, demonstrating similar efficacy and safety. Conclusion The study may help decision-makers in the public health system to offer a more in-depth judgment on the therapeutic alternatives used to treat this neoplasm in children and adolescents.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Asparaginase , Escherichia coli , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras , Polietilenoglicóis , Revisão SistemáticaRESUMO
Antibodies to pathogens of public health importance were investigated in 33 free-ranging six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) from Brazil. The frequency of seropositive animals for Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania spp., and Leptospira spp. were two, three, and two, respectively.
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Tatus/sangue , Leishmania/isolamento & purificação , Leptospira/imunologia , Toxoplasma/imunologia , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose/sangue , Leishmaniose/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose/veterinária , Leptospirose/sangue , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Leptospirose/veterinária , Toxoplasmose Animal/sangue , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the cancer with the highest incidence in childhood and adolescence, and pharmacotherapy is the primary form of treatment. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-asparaginase in acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy in children and adolescents was conducted to compare it with native Escherichia coli L-asparaginase. PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Scopus, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature) and EMBASE databases were selected. The following outcomes were analyzed: complete remission of the disease, event-free survival, overall survival, anti-asparaginase antibody level, hypersensitivity reactions, asparaginase and asparagine serum levels, number of postdiagnosis events, and overall mortality. Five randomized controlled trials were included. Analysis of the quality of evidence and risk of bias was performed using the Cochrane recommendation tool and the GRADE system. RESULTS: The assessment results suggest that the level of certainty on the technology addressed is relatively weak from a methodological point of view. Evidence is insufficient to assess the effects on health outcomes because of the limited number and power of studies and important flaws in their design or conduct in classifying PEG-asparaginase as a superior drug or not, in the pharmacotherapy of ALL in children and adolescents. PEG-asparaginase can be used as a substitute for native E. coli L-asparaginase, demonstrating similar efficacy and safety. CONCLUSION: The study may help decision-makers in the public health system to offer a more in-depth judgment on the therapeutic alternatives used to treat this neoplasm in children and adolescents.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the age, nutritional status, and gait speed in hospitalized individuals, and their association with the quality of life of their caregivers. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study with 54 patients and their respective caretakers in a university hospital in the Brazilian Midwest. The analyses were carried out using the SPSS software, with p < 0.05. Results: The Social Relations domain had the highest mean score (71.45±18.64). The lowest score was in the Physical domain (57.80±12.01). According to a subjective nutritional evaluation, 72.2% presented some degree of malnutrition. Most were classified with low gait speeds (82%). There was a significant correlation between age and the Physical and General Quality of Life domains. The Environment domain was significantly correlated to the gait speed. Conclusion: The age and the gait speed of the patient were related to the quality of life of the caregiver, but the nutritional state was not affected.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar la relación de la edad, estado nutricional y velocidad de la marcha de indivíduos hospitalizados con la calidad de vida de sus cuidadores. Métodos: Estudio observacional del tipo transversal con 54 pacientes y sus respectivos cuidadores en un hospital universitario del Medio oeste de Brasil. Análisis han sido realizadas en el programa SPSS considerando p < 0,05. Resultados: El dominio Relaciones sociales obtuvo la calificación media más elevada (71,45±18,64) y la más baja ha sido del dominio Físico (57,80±12,01). Segundo evaluación nutricional subjetiva, 72,2% presentaban alguno grado de desnutrición. La mayoría ha sido clasificada con baja velocidad de la marcha (82%). Se encontró correlación significativa entre la edad y los dominios Físico y Calidad de vida general. El dominio Ambiente se ha correlacionado significativamente con la velocidad de marcha. Conclusión: La edad y la velocidad de la marcha del paciente han estado relacionadas con la calidad de vida del cuidador, pero no encontramos impacto en el estado nutricional.
RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a relação da idade, estado nutricional e velocidade de marcha de indivíduos hospitalizados com a qualidade de vida de seus cuidadores. Métodos: Estudo observacional do tipo transversal com 54 pacientes e seus respectivos cuidadores em um hospital universitário da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Análises foram realizadas no programa SPSS considerando p < 0,05. Resultados: O domínio Relações sociais obteve o escore médio mais elevado (71,45±18,64) e o mais baixo foi do domínio Físico (57,80±12,01). Segundo avaliação nutricional subjetiva, 72,2% apresentavam algum grau de desnutrição. A maioria foi classificada com baixa velocidade de marcha (82%). Encontrou-se correlação significativa entre a idade e os domínios Físico e Qualidade de vida geral. O domínio Ambiente correlacionou-se significativamente com a velocidade de marcha. Conclusão: A idade e a velocidade de marcha do paciente estiveram relacionadas com a qualidade de vida do cuidador, porém não encontramos impacto no estado nutricional.
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BACKGROUND: Treatment of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma (mCRC) has evolved, and survival is over 30 months in contemporary trials. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of effective regimes after the first or second-line treatment. Thus, reexposure to previously used drugs has become a treatment strategy for some patients. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of retreatment with an oxaliplatin-containing regimen in mCRC and correlate this with clinicopathologic features. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 83 patients with mCRC who underwent reexposure to oxaliplatin (REOX). REOX was defined as a second trial of an oxaliplatin-containing regimen after a previous failure. Primary endpoint was time to treatment failure (TTF). RESULTS: The median age was 53.5 years, and the female/male ratio was 51.8%/48.2%. The site of the primary tumor was colon (67.5%) and rectal (32.5%). KRAS was mutated in 39.8%. Liver-limited metastasis was found in 19.3% of patients. The main regimen was 5-fluorouracil, levoleucovorin, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) (84.3%). Bevacizumab and cetuximab were used in 42.2% and 6% of patients, respectively. REOX was used in the third and fourth lines in 48.2% and 25.3% of patients, respectively. The median TTF after REOX was 6.04 months. Overall survival (OS) was 10.04 months. Disease control (complete response + partial response + stable disease) was observed in 56.6%, whereas 42.2% had progressive disease. Partial response + complete response to previous oxaliplatin was predictive of prolonged OS. Patients who attained disease control had better median OS compared with those with progressive disease (14.5 vs. 6.24 months; P < .0001). CONCLUSION: In the setting of heavily pretreated patients with mCRC, REOX was an effective treatment, with mTTF of 6.04 months in our cohort. Selection of patients with the longest time since previous oxaliplatin can translate in better outcome. Further studies should be conducted to confirm our data.
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Adenocarcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mutação , Compostos Organoplatínicos/administração & dosagem , Oxaliplatina , Seleção de Pacientes , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas p21(ras)/genética , Retratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de Tempo , Falha de Tratamento , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Objectives The present study investigated the effect of contraceptive treatment with deslorelin acetate on in vitro embryo production and oocyte recovery in domestic queens. Methods Twenty-one mature domestic cats were used. Eleven queens (treated group) and one tom were kept in an experimental cattery, and 10 queens were privately owned (control group). When in interestrus or diestrus (day 0) a deslorelin acetate implant (Suprelorin, 4.7 mg/animal) was inserted into the subcutaneous tissue of the interscapular region in all queens in the treated group. After 6 months of treatment, all animals were ovariohysterectomized, and the ovaries were used for in vitro embryo production. Percentage of cleavage was determined 18 h after oocyte insemination and blastocyst formation was assessed on the eighth day of culture. The rate of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) recovery was analyzed by an unpaired t-test. The cleavage and blastocyst rates were expressed as percentages and analyzed by Fisher's exact test. All analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism v5.0, with P <0.05 set as the level of significance. Results In the treated group, we recovered 8.3 ± 1.15 grade I COCs per queen; the cleavage rate was 60% and the blastocyst rate was 36%. In the control group, we recovered 18.4 ± 3.21 grade I COCs per queen; the cleavage rate was 55.97% and the blastocyst rate was 34%. Forty percent of treated females did not produce any blastocysts. In the treated group, we observed a significant decrease in COC recovery. Although there was no significant difference in cleavage and blastocyst rates between groups, 40% of treated females did not produce any blastocysts. Conclusions Recovery of grade I COCs is negatively affected by deslorelin treatment in domestic cats. Regarding embryo production, new studies are still necessary to evaluate the success of this technique owing to the individual effect caused by deslorelin acetate.
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Fertilização in vitro/veterinária , Recuperação de Oócitos/veterinária , Oócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Pamoato de Triptorrelina/análogos & derivados , Animais , Blastocisto/citologia , Blastocisto/fisiologia , Gatos , Feminino , Fertilização in vitro/métodos , Recuperação de Oócitos/métodos , Oócitos/citologia , Pamoato de Triptorrelina/farmacologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify scientific studies and to deepen the knowledge of peripheral neuropathies induced by chemotherapy antineoplastic, seeking evidence for assistance to cancer patients. METHOD: Integrative review of the literature conducted in the databases Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Medical Literature Analysis (PubMed/MEDLINE), the Cochrane Library and the Spanish Bibliographic Index Health Sciences (IBECS). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 15 studies published between 2005-2014 that met the inclusion criteria. Studies showed aspects related to advanced age, main symptoms of neuropathy and chemotherapy agents as important adverse effect of neuropathy. CONCLUSION: We identified a small number of studies that addressed the topic, as well as low production of evidence related to interventions with positive results. It is considered important to develop new studies proposed for the prevention and/or treatment, enabling adjustment of the patient's cancer chemotherapy and consequently better service.
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Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/induzido quimicamente , HumanosRESUMO
Arginase is a glycosomal enzyme in Leishmania that is involved in polyamine and trypanothione biosynthesis. The central role of arginase in Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis was demonstrated by the generation of two mutants: one with an arginase lacking the glycosomal addressing signal and one in which the arginase-coding gene was knocked out. Both of these mutants exhibited decreased infectivity. Thus, arginase seems to be a potential drug target for Leishmania treatment. In an attempt to search for arginase inhibitors, 29 derivatives of the [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine system were tested against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis arginase in vitro. The [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine scaffold containing R1 = CF3 exhibited greater activity against the arginase rather than when the substituent R1 = CH3 in the 2-position. The novel compound 2-(5-methyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)hydrazinecarbothioamide (30) was the most potent, inhibiting arginase by a non-competitive mechanism, with the Ki and IC50 values for arginase inhibition estimated to be 17 ± 1 µm and 16.5 ± 0.5 µm, respectively. These results can guide the development of new drugs against leishmaniasis based on [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives targeting the arginase enzyme.
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Arginase/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Leishmania/enzimologia , Pirimidinas/química , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Tioureia/análogos & derivados , Antiprotozoários/química , Antiprotozoários/farmacologia , Arginase/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Desenho de Fármacos , Humanos , Leishmania/efeitos dos fármacos , Leishmaniose/tratamento farmacológico , Tioureia/química , Tioureia/farmacologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify scientific studies and to deepen the knowledge of peripheral neuropathies induced by chemotherapy antineoplastic, seeking evidence for assistance to cancer patients. METHOD: Integrative review of the literature conducted in the databases Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Medical Literature Analysis (PubMed/MEDLINE), the Cochrane Library and the Spanish Bibliographic Index Health Sciences (IBECS). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 15 studies published between 2005-2014 that met the inclusion criteria. Studies showed aspects related to advanced age, main symptoms of neuropathy and chemotherapy agents as important adverse effect of neuropathy. CONCLUSION: We identified a small number of studies that addressed the topic, as well as low production of evidence related to interventions with positive results. It is considered important to develop new studies proposed for the prevention and/or treatment, enabling adjustment of the patient's cancer chemotherapy and consequently better service. .
OBJETIVO: Identificar las publicaciones científicas y profundizar el conocimiento acerca de las neuropatías periféricas inducidas por quimioterápicos antineoplásicos, buscando subsidios para la asistencia al paciente oncológico. MÉTODO: Revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en las bases de datos Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Medical Literature Analysis (PubMed/MEDLINE), en la biblioteca COCHRANE y el Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS). RESULTADOS: La muestra estuvo constituida de 15 estudios publicados en el período de 2005 a 2014 que atendieron los criterios establecidos. Los estudios evidenciaron aspectos relacionados con la edad avanzada de los pacientes, principales síntomas de la neuropatía y los quimioterápicos que tienen la neuropatía como efecto adverso relevante. CONCLUSIÓN: Identificamos pequeño número de estudios que abordaban la temática, así como poca producción de evidencias relacionadas con las intervenciones con resultados positivos. Se considera importante el desarrollo de nuevos estudios con propuestas de prevención y/o tratamiento, facilitando la adecuación del paciente a la quimioterapia antineoplásica y consecuentemente una mejor asistencia. .
OBJETIVO Identificar publicações científicas e aprofundar o conhecimento sobre as neuropatias periféricas induzidas por quimioterápicos antineoplásicos, buscando subsídios para assistência ao paciente oncológico. MÉTODO Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Medical Literature Analysis (PubMed/MEDLINE), na biblioteca COCHRANE e no Índice Bibliográfico Espanhol de Ciências da Saúde (IBECS). RESULTADOS A amostra foi constituída por 15 estudos publicados no período de 2005 a 2014 que atenderam os critérios estabelecidos. Os estudos evidenciaram aspectos relacionados à idade avançada dos pacientes, principais sintomas da neuropatia e os quimioterápicos que têm a neuropatia como efeito adverso relevante. CONCLUSÃO Identificamos pequeno número de estudos que abordavam a temática, assim como baixa produção de evidências relacionadas a intervenções com resultados positivos. Considera-se importante o desenvolvimento de novos estudos com propostas de prevenção e/ou tratamento, possibilitando ajustamento do paciente à quimioterapia antineoplásica e consequentemente melhor assistência. .
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Humanos , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento de enfermeiros acerca da amamentação de recém-nascidos com fissura labiopalatina. Método: pesquisa transversal, com enfermeiros egressos de duas universidades brasileiras. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário enviado por via digital para avaliar as características pessoais, de formação e relacionadas ao conhecimento em amamentação. Resultados: de 13 enfermeiros, todos relataram ausência de aprendizado sobre aleitamento materno para lactentes com fissura labiopalatina. A maioria dos enfermeiros desconheciam formas de oferecimento de alimentação da criança sugerindo que, apesar de o profissional ser aquele realiza orientações sobre o aleitamento materno, o conhecimento quanto ao assunto é incipiente sobre as necessidades de atenção e cuidados direcionados aos recém-nascidos com fissura labiopalatina. Conclusão: urge ampliar o conteúdo ofertado durante a graduação acerca das necessidade dos recém-nascidos com fissuras labiopalatina, a fim de melhorar o entendimento do processo de cuidar.
Results: all 13 nurses reported the lack of training on breastfeeding for infants with a cleft lip and palate. Most of the nurses were unaware of offering ways of feeding, suggesting that despite being one of the professionals who give more guidance on breastfeeding, knowledge on the subject is just beginning about the need for attention and care in attending children with a cleft lip and palate. Conclusion: further research in the area is recommended in order to improve understanding of caring for newborns with a cleft lip and palate, and to help professionals upgrade the care process.
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Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Aleitamento Materno , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Fenda Labial , Fissura PalatinaRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o aprimoramento profissional e a produção científica de egressos do Currículo Integrado do Curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, frente às premissas estabelecidas pela Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação e Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso deEnfermagem. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com abordagem quantitativa. Para a coleta de dados, foi enviado por correio eletrônico um questionário estruturado e elaborado no programa Google Docs a 115 ex-alunos. Entre o período de julho e outubro de 2011, 88 (76,5%) egressos o responderam. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando o programa Microsoft Office Excel 2007, por meio de frequência absoluta e relativa. Os sujeitos eram predominantemente do sexo feminino, com idade entre 23 e 32 anos e encontravam-se solteiros. O aprimoramento profissional deu-se pela realização de cursos lato e stricto sensu. Verificou-se expressiva produção de trabalhos científicos e disseminações em eventos e periódicos. Tem-se a prerrogativa de que o estímulo à busca de conhecimento pelo estudante, enquanto princípio educativo e científico do Currículo Integrado, associado aos princípios norteadores desta proposta curricular, tenha repercutido positivamente no desempenho investigativo dos egressos.
The goal of this study was to describe the professional improvement and scientific production of graduates from the Integrated Curriculum of Nursing Course of the Londrina State University, in accordance with the premises established by the Law of Guidelines and Bases for Education and the National Curriculum Guidelines of the Nursing Course. This is a descriptive and exploratory research with a quantitative approach. For data collection, an email with a structured questionnaire prepared on the Google Docs program was sent to 115 graduates. A total of 88 (76,5%) graduates answered this questionnaire from July to October 2011. These data were statistically analyzed using the Microsoft Office Excel 2007 program through absolute and relative frequency. The subjects were predominantly women, aged between 23 and 32 years and single. The professional improvement took place by conducting lato and stricto sensu courses. There was a significant production and dissemination of scientific papers in events and journals. It is believed that the stimulus to pursue knowledge by the students, as an educational and scientific principle of the Integrated Curriculum, associated with the guiding principles of this curricular proposal, have reflected positively on the investigative performance of the graduates
RESUMO
Introdução: As cardiopatias congênitas (CC) implicam em alterações estruturais cardíacas graves, além de comprometimento em outros sistemas, tendo uma incidência relevante napopulação, sendo que na maioria dos casos torna-se necessária a abordagem cirúrgica. O procedimento cirúrgico pode trazer diversas complicações pulmonares devido ao uso dacirculação extracorpórea (CEC), efeito anestésico e até mesmo da incisão cirúrgica. As principais complicações respiratórias são lesão de nervo frênico, Síndrome do DesconfortoRespiratório Agudo (SDRA), Síndrome da resposta inflamatória sistêmica (SIRS), Embolia pulmonar, pneumotórax, pneumopericárdio, edema pulmonar, pneumonia, atelectasias, derrame pleural e hipoxemia, sendo que estas complicações aumentam significativamente a mortalidade e morbidade desses pacientes. Objetivo e justificativa: Uma vez que ascomplicações pulmonares são freqüentes e ainda são poucos os trabalhos encontrados acercadesse assunto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática de artigos publicados na literatura sobre a atuação da fisioterapia nas diversas fases do evento cirúrgico em cardiologia pediátrica, tendo em vista as técnicas fisioterapêuticas empregadas, seusobjetivos e eficácia. Materiais e métodos: foi realizada pesquisa eletrônica nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo e Pubmed. Resultados: Dos artigos encontrados apenas 10 deles foram utilizados, pois os outros não se relacionavam ao assunto em questão ou não estavam integralmente disponíveis. Conclusão: A maioria dos estudos mostrou a eficácia das técnicasaplicadas, evitando ou revertendo as complicações, porém a literatura ainda é carente de estudos nessa área, sendo necessários mais pesquisas que abordem o real efeito dessastécnicas