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The potential of bitter orange peel powder (BOPP) as a nutritional strategy for fish was investigated in Nile tilapia. A total of 120 juveniles with an average initial weight of 9.8 ± 0.7 g were divided into four groups, replicated three times, resulting in 12 experimental units (60 L each) at a stocking density of 1.63 g of fish per liter. Productive parameters, whole-body composition, blood biochemistry, erythroid morphometry, intestinal histology, and heat tolerance were assessed in the juveniles subjected to one of the following treatments: non-supplemented basal diet (control group); basal diet with BOPP at 10 g/kg (BOPP10 group); basal diet with BOPP at 20 g/kg (BOPP20 group); and basal diet with BOPP at 40 g/kg (BOPP40 group). The BOPP additive had a positive influence on Nile tilapia growth, as final weight and weight gain were greater in all BOPP-treated fish, despite the reduction in crude protein in BOPP10 and BOPP20 groups. Fish receiving BOPP40 had an increase in total lipids and showed the highest levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol. Villi development was greater in the tilapia given BOPP10. It may be concluded that BOPP presented the most promising results for Nile tilapia juveniles when used at 10 g/kg diet. Regarding the erythroid morphometry, there was a general increase in nuclear and cytoplasmic areas in BOPP-fed tilapia; this seems to be the first report on the direct impact of the inclusion of functional additives in fish diet upon such parameters. As concerns the thermal tolerance evaluated at the end of the feeding trial, no differences were registered among the experimental groups. Thus, BOPP represents a feasible alternative ingredient to be explored in fish nutrition, since orange peel is a natural low-cost source of essential nutrients and valuable bioactive compounds.

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Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) has a considerable economic impact on the pork industry worldwide for more than two decades. In 2016, a new circovirus, porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3), was described; since then, it has been reported to be associated with diseased or even in clinically healthy swine in several countries. Considering the importance of wild boars as reservoirs of swine pathogens and the extensive distribution of these animals in Rio Grande do Sul and throughout the national territory, we searched for PCV2 and PCV3 in twenty-six wild boars coupled with necropsy and histologic examination of the sampled animals. Using PCR, 182 tissue samples were analyzed, including the heart, kidneys, liver, lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils. PCV2 and PCV3 were detected in 57.7% (15/26) and 15.4% (4/26) of wild boars, respectively. Furthermore, co-infection with PCV2 and PCV3 was detected in one of these animals, with PCV2 or PCV3 DNA detection in multiple organs. Histological examination showed mild to moderate and multifocal lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis distributed randomly throughout the renal cortex, apparently unrelated to PCV2 or PCV3 detection. The wild boar population in Brazil is extensive, indicating the presence of a larger number of swine pathogen hosts. In the present study, more than half of the wild boars harbored PCV2; and although less frequently, PCV3 was also detected. Therefore, free-living wild boars can serve as reservoirs of swine circoviruses in southern Brazil.

O circovírus suíno 2 (PCV2) tem causado impacto econômico na indústria suína em todo o mundo por mais de duas décadas. Em 2016, um novo circovírus foi descrito - circovírus suíno 3 (PCV3) - e desde então tem sido relatado em vários países associado a doenças ou mesmo suínos saudáveis. Diante da importância dos javalis como reservatórios de patógenos suínos, e da ampla distribuição desses animais no Rio Grande do Sul e em todo o território nacional, foi realizada pesquisa de PCV2 e PCV3 em vinte e seis javalis (10 fêmeas e 16 machos). Necropsia e exame histológico foram realizados. Utilizando PCR, foram analisadas 182 amostras de tecidos incluindo: coração, rins, fígado, pulmão, linfonodos, baço e tonsila. PCV2 e PCV3 foram detectados por PCR em 57,7% (15/26) e 15,4% (4/26) dos javalis, respectivamente. Um destes animais estava co-infectado por PCV2 e PCV3. O DNA do PCV2 ou PCV3 foi detectado em multiplos órgãos. No exame histológico foi observada nefrite intersticial linfoplasmocitária multifocal leve a moderada, distribuída aleatoriamente pelo córtex renal, aparentemente sem relação com a detecção de DNA viral. A população de javalis no Brasil é extensa, resultando em maior número de hospedeiros para patógenos de suínos. No presente estudo, mais da metade dos javalis capturados abrigavam PCV2 e, embora menos frequente, PCV3 também foi detectado. Os javalis de vida livre podem servir como reservatórios de circovírus suínos no sul do Brasil.

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Background: In veterinary medicine, although primary lung tumors are rare compared to metastatic malignant neoplasms,an increase in the number of primary lung tumors in dogs has been reported in the past decades. Consequently, identifyingepidemiological, clinical, and pathological features of these neoplasms is essential for early and precise diagnosis. Thispaper aimed to report a case of a non-metastatic primary solid pulmonary adenocarcinoma in a dog and review the clinical,pathological, and immunohistochemical aspects of this neoplasm.Case: An 8-year-old female Cocker Spaniel was admitted to the Small Animals Veterinary Hospital of the Rural FederalUniversity of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) with a history of progressive weight loss and clinical dyspnea. Physical examinationrevealed the following: body temperature, 38.7ºC; capillary refill time, one second; heart rate, 104 beats/min; respiratoryrate, 40 breaths/min; pallor mucosa; blood glucose, 133 mg/dL; and body score, 2 (1-9). A thoracic radiograph revealeda diffuse radiopaque pattern of the pulmonary parenchyma, pleural effusion, and a large mass that extended through bothhemithoraces. An ultrasound-guided cytological examination was performed and displayed moderate cellularity in a bloodybackground. Cells presented distinct cell borders, large bluish cytoplasm, round hyperchromatic or vesicular nuclei, andevident nucleoli. Three months after the first clinical consultation, the dogs state kept deteriorating and the owner optedfor the euthanasia. Autopsy of the lungs showed multiple, poorly defined, coalescent nodules with an average size of20.0×15.0×10.0 cm. The nodules occupied roughly 70% of the pulmonary...(AU)

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Background: In veterinary medicine, although primary lung tumors are rare compared to metastatic malignant neoplasms,an increase in the number of primary lung tumors in dogs has been reported in the past decades. Consequently, identifyingepidemiological, clinical, and pathological features of these neoplasms is essential for early and precise diagnosis. Thispaper aimed to report a case of a non-metastatic primary solid pulmonary adenocarcinoma in a dog and review the clinical,pathological, and immunohistochemical aspects of this neoplasm.Case: An 8-year-old female Cocker Spaniel was admitted to the Small Animals Veterinary Hospital of the Rural FederalUniversity of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) with a history of progressive weight loss and clinical dyspnea. Physical examinationrevealed the following: body temperature, 38.7ºC; capillary refill time, one second; heart rate, 104 beats/min; respiratoryrate, 40 breaths/min; pallor mucosa; blood glucose, 133 mg/dL; and body score, 2 (1-9). A thoracic radiograph revealeda diffuse radiopaque pattern of the pulmonary parenchyma, pleural effusion, and a large mass that extended through bothhemithoraces. An ultrasound-guided cytological examination was performed and displayed moderate cellularity in a bloodybackground. Cells presented distinct cell borders, large bluish cytoplasm, round hyperchromatic or vesicular nuclei, andevident nucleoli. Three months after the first clinical consultation, the dog’s state kept deteriorating and the owner optedfor the euthanasia. Autopsy of the lungs showed multiple, poorly defined, coalescent nodules with an average size of20.0×15.0×10.0 cm. The nodules occupied roughly 70% of the pulmonary...

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Background: Leyomiosarcomas are uncommon malignant smooth muscle tumors of hollow organs. Bovine leyomiosarcomas have been described in several sites, but smooth muscle tumors that arise from the skin are rare in domestic animals. These neoplasms may show variable histologic features depending on their grade of differentiation; therefore, diagnostic tools as special stain, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry are essential for the definitive diagnosis. Due to the lack of reports of skin leyomiosarcomas in cattle, we described the occurrence of a leyomiosarcoma in the skin and subcutaneous tissue of a Nellore cow. Case: A 10-year-old Zebu Nellore cow was admitted at the Veterinary Diagnosis Center (CEDIVET) of Pará Federal University (UFPA), Brazil, to investigate a tumor on the hip. At clinical examination the cow showed a decreased appetite and weight loss. Due to the bad prognosis the veterinarian recommended euthanasia. Representative tissue samples were submitted for histopathological and immunohistochemistry evaluation at the Department of Pathology of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). The slides were stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Massons trichrome and Van Gieson stains and submitted for immunohistochemistry with primary antibodies vimentin, troponin C, smooth muscle alpha actin and desmin. Grossly, the tumor appeared as a multilobular, ulcerated and firm 30 cm diameter mass with black and hemorrhagic areas on the surface. The mass was scattered throughout the subcutaneous tissue and infiltrated the adjacent muscle. On light microscopy, the neoplasm consisted of a non-encapsulated proliferation into the derma, composed of highly pleomorphic spindle to round cells arranged in broad interlacing fascicles and small islands. Metastatic lesions were found in the lungs and local lymph nodes. Massons trichrome stain revealed collagen production and Van Gieson stains was inconsistent...(AU)

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Background: Leyomiosarcomas are uncommon malignant smooth muscle tumors of hollow organs. Bovine leyomiosarcomas have been described in several sites, but smooth muscle tumors that arise from the skin are rare in domestic animals. These neoplasms may show variable histologic features depending on their grade of differentiation; therefore, diagnostic tools as special stain, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry are essential for the definitive diagnosis. Due to the lack of reports of skin leyomiosarcomas in cattle, we described the occurrence of a leyomiosarcoma in the skin and subcutaneous tissue of a Nellore cow. Case: A 10-year-old Zebu Nellore cow was admitted at the Veterinary Diagnosis Center (CEDIVET) of Pará Federal University (UFPA), Brazil, to investigate a tumor on the hip. At clinical examination the cow showed a decreased appetite and weight loss. Due to the bad prognosis the veterinarian recommended euthanasia. Representative tissue samples were submitted for histopathological and immunohistochemistry evaluation at the Department of Pathology of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). The slides were stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Masson’s trichrome and Van Gieson stains and submitted for immunohistochemistry with primary antibodies vimentin, troponin C, smooth muscle alpha actin and desmin. Grossly, the tumor appeared as a multilobular, ulcerated and firm 30 cm diameter mass with black and hemorrhagic areas on the surface. The mass was scattered throughout the subcutaneous tissue and infiltrated the adjacent muscle. On light microscopy, the neoplasm consisted of a non-encapsulated proliferation into the derma, composed of highly pleomorphic spindle to round cells arranged in broad interlacing fascicles and small islands. Metastatic lesions were found in the lungs and local lymph nodes. Masson’s trichrome stain revealed collagen production and Van Gieson stains was inconsistent...

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Descreve-se aqui um caso de linfoma multicêntrico de células T em um canino da raça Chow-Chow, emseus aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos. O animal apresentava como queixa principal anorexia,vômitose fraqueza nos membros posteriores.Ao exame físico constatou-se apatia, hipertermia, emaciação, dor a palpaçãoabdominal e, posteriormente, intensa dispnéia. Os exames radiográficos e ultrassonográficos revelaramefusão pleural, linfadenopatia, hepatomegalia e esplenomegalia. Após o óbito, o exame macroscópicomostrou linfonodos torácicos, baço e fígado aumentados de volume, nodulações pulmonar e pancreática,marcada efusão pleural e espessamento da porção distal do esôfago com formações nodulares cavitárias. Aanálise histopatológica dos linfonodos, pâncreas e esôfago revelou intensa e difusa infiltração de linfócitosintensamente pleomórficos com células pequenas e grandes clivadas e diversos focos infiltrativos em fígado,rim, pulmão, baço e sistema nervoso central. A análise imunoistoquímica demonstrou imunoreatividadepara CD3 e negatividade para CD79 a e CD18. De acordo com os achados morfológicos, foi estabelecidoo diagnóstico de linfoma multicêntrico de células T do tipo pleomórfico misto.(AU)

We describe here a case of multicentric T-cell lymphoma in a dog breed Chow-Chow, in its clinical andpathological findings. The animal presented as the main complaint anorexia, vomiting and weakness in thehind quarters. The physical examination has shown apathy, hyperthermia, emaciation, pain on abdominalpalpation and, later, severe dyspnea. Radiography and ultrasonography revealed pleural effusion, lymphadenopathy,hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. After dead, gross examination showed thoracic lymphnodes, spleen and live renlarged, pancreas and lung nodules, pleural effusion and marked thickening ofthe distal esophagus with cavitary nodules. The histopathological analysis of lymph nodes, pancreas and esophagus showed intense and diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes with highly pleomorphic small and largecleaved cells and various infiltrative foci in liver, kidney, lung, spleen and central nervous system. Immunohistochemicalanalysis showed immunoreactivity for CD3 and negative for CD79a CD18. According tothe morphological findings, it was diagnosed as multicentric lymphoma T- cell typepleomorphic mixed.(AU)

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Descreve-se aqui um caso de linfoma multicêntrico de células T em um canino da raça Chow-Chow, emseus aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos. O animal apresentava como queixa principal anorexia,vômitose fraqueza nos membros posteriores.Ao exame físico constatou-se apatia, hipertermia, emaciação, dor a palpaçãoabdominal e, posteriormente, intensa dispnéia. Os exames radiográficos e ultrassonográficos revelaramefusão pleural, linfadenopatia, hepatomegalia e esplenomegalia. Após o óbito, o exame macroscópicomostrou linfonodos torácicos, baço e fígado aumentados de volume, nodulações pulmonar e pancreática,marcada efusão pleural e espessamento da porção distal do esôfago com formações nodulares cavitárias. Aanálise histopatológica dos linfonodos, pâncreas e esôfago revelou intensa e difusa infiltração de linfócitosintensamente pleomórficos com células pequenas e grandes clivadas e diversos focos infiltrativos em fígado,rim, pulmão, baço e sistema nervoso central. A análise imunoistoquímica demonstrou imunoreatividadepara CD3 e negatividade para CD79 a e CD18. De acordo com os achados morfológicos, foi estabelecidoo diagnóstico de linfoma multicêntrico de células T do tipo pleomórfico misto.

We describe here a case of multicentric T-cell lymphoma in a dog breed Chow-Chow, in its clinical andpathological findings. The animal presented as the main complaint anorexia, vomiting and weakness in thehind quarters. The physical examination has shown apathy, hyperthermia, emaciation, pain on abdominalpalpation and, later, severe dyspnea. Radiography and ultrasonography revealed pleural effusion, lymphadenopathy,hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. After dead, gross examination showed thoracic lymphnodes, spleen and live renlarged, pancreas and lung nodules, pleural effusion and marked thickening ofthe distal esophagus with cavitary nodules. The histopathological analysis of lymph nodes, pancreas and esophagus showed intense and diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes with highly pleomorphic small and largecleaved cells and various infiltrative foci in liver, kidney, lung, spleen and central nervous system. Immunohistochemicalanalysis showed immunoreactivity for CD3 and negative for CD79a CD18. According tothe morphological findings, it was diagnosed as multicentric lymphoma T- cell typepleomorphic mixed.

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